North Africa

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North Africa

• People and Dances

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North Africa and Mediterranean
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El Maghrib (The Islamic West)
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Ancient History

• Settlement by Phoenicians from the 10th century
  BCE Carthage (Gades in Spain)
• Greek presence from 6th century BCE
  intermarriage with local Libyans but distinct
  culture
• Roman domination from 2nd century BCE onward
• Invasion by Visigoths and other late Roman
  presences in 5th century BCE
• Longstanding distinct Jewish presence
• Islamicized in 7th century BCE
• Berber population only nominally Islamic

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Berbers
Ancient origins Not Arabic speakers Culturally
distinct from Arab world but must fit in with
it Both nomads and farmers
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Focus on Morocco Algeria Tunisia Libya French
influence French colonial domination in 19th and
early 20th centuries Sahara desert and desert
nomads Tuareg and Berber Kabyle peoples from
the mountains
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Moroccos Atlas Mountains
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Sahara Desert
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Moroccos Coast
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Urban produce markets
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or not ...
Orientalizing ...
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Presentation of women as exotic others in Western
travel images Malik Alloula, The Colonial Harem
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Many images showed women minus key elements of
their clothing, and had a frankly sexual
quality Eastern women as owned by the Western,
male gaze
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La Danse du Ventre
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Ouled Nail Dancers
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Depiction of Ouled Nail in Art
Tribal site
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Etienne Dinet
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More Dinet