Chapter 16: Animal Behavior

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Chapter 16 Animal Behavior

• Note-taking Worksheet

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Section 1 Types of Behavior

• Behavior is the way an organism interacts with
  other organisms and their environment.

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A stimulus is anything in the environment that
causes a reaction.
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A Stimulus can be

• External
• A stimulus that occurs because of something
  outside the animal that triggers a response.
• Example A rival male entering another males
  territory, dogs barking or wagging their tail.

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A Stimulus can be

• Internal
• A stimulus that occurs because of a need inside
  the animal that triggers a response.
• Example hunger, thirst, need to scratch an itch.

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Quiz Time Questions

1. What is the difference between an external and an
   internal stimulus?
2. What is a stimulus?
3. The way an organism interacts with other
   organisms and their environment is known as
   __________.

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Types of Behaviors

• Innate behavior is a behavior an organism is born
  with.

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There are two types of innate behavior reflex and
instinct.

• A reflex is an automatic response that does not
  involve a message from the brain.

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Reflex Examples Sneezing, shivering, yawning,
quickly pulling your hand away from a hot
surface, blinking your eyes.
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• An instinct is a complex pattern of innate
  behaviors. Instinct behaviors can take weeks to
  complete.

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Instinct Examples Spiders spinning a web, birds
building nests, salmon swimming upstream to
reproduce.
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Quiz Time Questions

1. What are the two different types of innate
   behaviors?
2. What is an innate behavior?
3. What is the automatic response that does not
   involve a message from the brain called?
4. What is a complex pattern of innate behaviors
   called?

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Learned behavior develops during an animals
lifetime. Learned behavior is most common in
animals with more complex brains. Learned
behavior allows animals to respond in a changing
environment.
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There are four types of learned behavior
imprinting, trial and error, conditioning, and
insight.
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Imprinting occurs when an animal forms a social
attachment to another organism within a specific
time period after birth or hatching.

• Example A gosling follows the first moving
  object it sees after hatching, and is imprinted
  as parent.

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Trial and Error is behavior that is modified by
experience.

• Example Baby chicks pecking at ground for food,
  learning to ride a bike, feeding yourself, tying
  your shoes.

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Quiz Time Questions

1. What is a learned behavior?
2. Why would it be beneficial to the animal to be
   able to learn behaviors?
3. A baby learning to walk would be an example of
   what type of learned behavior?
4. What is it called when an animal forms a social
   attachment to another organism within a specific
   time period after birth or hatching?

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Conditioning occurs when the behavior is modified
so that the response to one stimulus becomes
associated with a different response.

• Example Ringing a bell before serving a dog its
  food will eventually make the dog associate bell
  ringing with food.

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Insight is a form of reasoning that allows
animals to use past experiences to solve new
problems.

• Example Bananas out of a chimpanzees reach,
  they pile up boxes to reach them.

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Quiz Time Questions

1. When you solve a new math problem using a
   strategy that you learned for solving a previous
   problem, you are using what type of learned
   behavior?
2. Which type of learned behavior when a behavior is
   modified so that the response to one stimulus
   becomes associated with a different response?
3. How are innate behaviors different from learned
   behaviors?

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