AUTOMATION OF ANALYSIS

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AUTOMATION OF ANALYSIS
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Some Advantages of automation
Some applications - quality control - process
control - environmental monitoring
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Autotitrator
Titrations were of the first automated analytical
techniques
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Schematic representation of an automated
colorimetric analysis
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Samplers
Autosamplers
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Pumps
Peristaltic pumps
Syringe pump
Operates by means of rotating bars attached to a
chain drive which compresses the plastic tubes to
drive the liquid forward.
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Automated determination of magnesium in urine
using DAB (o,o-dihydroxyazobenzene)
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FLOW INJECTION ANALYSIS (FIA) Involves injecting
a liquid sample into a carrier stream which
contains all chemicals necessary of the
analysis. The stream then flows through the
detector.
The stream is unsegmented by air bubbles, thus
dispersion of the sample occurs by both
CONVECTIVE TRANSPORT
DIFFUSIONAL TRANSPORT
Due to solution flow
Due to concentration gradient
Parabolic velocity profile in direction of flow
Radial diffusion
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Block diagram of a flow injection
spectrophotometric monitor for the determination
of nitrate in river water
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Valves
Load sample loop
Injection valves
Flow through
Selection valve
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Results for continuous flow analysis of ethanol
in beverages
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CONSTANT MONITORING Generally difficult to
analyse within a process stream. Often divert
some of the steam and introduce a sampling
loop. The analysis could act as a feedback for
optimising control of the process.
Submersible UV-Vis spectrometer
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Schematic diagram of an analyser/controller for
an acid catalysed reaction
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ROBOTICS Used when large numbers of samples have
to be routinely processed before measurement.
In this country robotics is currently mainly used
in the fire assay for gold and PGMs
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The pouring process
Manual
Robotic
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Robotic lab