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?????? oss ????????

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Title: ?????? oss ????????


1
??????????????????????????????????????????
2
??????????????????????????????
  • ???????????????????????? Internet/Intranet Server
  • ??????????????????????????????????????? (Back
    office/Office automation)
  • ????????????????????????????????????

3
????????????????????????????????
Internet/Intranet Server
  • ??????? Internet/Intranet Server?
  • ???? Server ??????????????????????????????????????
    ???????????????????????????????????
    Internet/Intranet
  • ????????????????????????? Internet Server ???
    Intranet Server
  • ???????????????????????
  • ??????????????????????????? ??????????????????????
  • ??????????????????????????????????? Internet
    ?????????????????????????????????????? Intranet
    Server
  • ???????? Linux ???????????????????????????????????
    ????? Server UNIX ?????????????????????????

4
???????????????????????????????? Internet Server
??????????
  • WWW Server
  • Apache HTTP Server (http//httpd.apache.org/)
  • Mail (SMTP, POP, IMAP)
  • Sendmail (http//www.sendmail.org/)
  • Postfix (http//www.postfix.org/)
  • Qmail (http//www.qmail.org)
  • Web Cache Server
  • Squid (http//www.squid-cache.org/)
  • Database Server
  • MySQL (http//www.mysql.com)
  • PostgreSQL (http//www.postgresql.org/)
  • Packet Filtering/Security
  • Iptables/SNORT (http//www.snort.org)

5
Internet/Intranet WWW Server
  • Apache HTTP Server ??? Apache Software Foundation
  • ??????????????????????????
  • ???????????????? Virtual Host
  • ??????????????????? (plug-in) ???????????? 300
    ?????????????????????????????????????? Apache
  • ??????????????????????????? PHP, Python, Perl
  • ???????????????????????????? ?????????????????????
    ??????????????????
  • ?????????????????????????????????????
  • ???????????????????????? Thread
    ???????????????????????????????

6
Apache HTTP Server
  • Apache HTTP Server ???????????????????????????????
    ???1 (?????? 70) ????????????????????????????????
    ?????????????????????????????2 (?????? 40)
  • ????????? Apache HTTPD Server ????????????????????
    ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ???????????

7
?????????? Mail Server
  • ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ?????????????????????????????????????????????
    Mail Server
  • ???????????????????????????????????????????????
    ???????????????????????????????????????
  • ????????????????????????
  • ????????? Mail Server ??????????????????????
    Linux Distribution ?????????????
    ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ????????????????

8
?????????? Mail server ??????????
  • ????????? Mail Server ???????????????????????????
  • Sendmail - Mail Server ???????????????????????????
    ??? Linux Distribution ????? ???????????????
    ???????????????????????????????????????????
  • Postfix - ???? Mail Server ???????????????????????
    ????????? Sendmail ?????????????????????????????
    ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ????????????????????? Sendmail ??????????????????
    Linux distribution ????????????????????

??????????????????????????????? ??????????????
????? ???????? Credential LTD. http//www.credenti
a.cc/surveys/smtp/latest/
9
?????????? Mail server ??????????
  • Qmail - Mail Server ??????????????????????????????
    ?????????? ???????????????????????????????
    ?????????????????????????????? Linux distribution
    ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ????

??????????????????????????????? ??????????????
????? ???????? Credential LTD. http//www.credenti
a.cc/surveys/smtp/latest/
10
Mail SPAM Management
  • ???????? SPAM Mail ?????????????????? Internet
    ???????????????????????????????
  • ??????????????????????????????? SPAM Mail
    ??????????????????????????????
  • Spamassassin (spamassassin.org) - Spam Filter
    ??????????????? Mail Server ?????????? SPAM Mail
    ?????????????????????????????? ???????????????????
    ??? Rules based ??????????????? Linux
    distribution ??????????
  • SpamProbe (spamprobe.sourceforge.net) -
    ????????????????????? Spamassassin
    ??????????????? Bayesian ??????????

11
webmail
  • ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ? ????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ?????????????
  • ????????????????????????????
  • imp webmail(http//www.horde.org/imp/)
  • SquirrelMail (http//www.squirrelmail.org/ )

12
imp demo
13
www.squirrelmail.org
14
?????????? Network Management
  • ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ??????????????
  • Nagios (http//www.nagios.org)
  • ???? open source host, service and network
    monitoring program

15
http//www.nagios.org
16
Ethereal
  • Network Packet Analyser similar to HP Internet
    Advisor

17
Web Cache Server
  • Squid Cache Proxy Server Open source cache
    server ???????????????????????????
  • ????????????? Cache ??? HTTP, FTP ???????? HTTPS
  • ????????????? Cache ?????????????????????
    (Hierarchy)
  • ????????????? Transparent Caching
  • ?????????????????????????????? Linux
    ????????????????
  • ??????????? Access Control List ???

??????????????????????????????????? Cache Server
??????? ???????? Europian Caching Task
force http//w3cache.icm.edu.pl/survey/results/
18
Database Server
  • MySQL (http//www.mysql.com) - ???????????????????
    ????????????????????????????????
  • ???????????????????????????????????????????
  • ??????????????? Linux ???????????
  • ?? API ???????????????????????????????????
    (C/C, Perl, Python, Java, PHP)
  • ?????? Database Backend ??????????????????????????
    ?? Backend ???????????????????????????????
  • ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ??? (SAP, Intel

19
Packet Filtering/Security
  • ?????????????? Linux ???????????? packet
    filtering ??????????????? Kernel
  • iptables - ????????????????????? network packet
    ???????????????? Server ???????????????????? ????
  • ?????????????????????????????????????
  • ??????????????? log ??????????????????????
  • ??????????????????? packet forwarding/masquerade
    ???
  • iptables ????????????????????? Firewall/Gateway
    ?????????????????????????????????
    ??????????????????? Worm/Virus ?????

20
Packet Filtering/Security
  • ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ? Intrusion Detection System ?????????????????????
    ??????????????????
  • SNORT (www.snort.org/)- ???? IDS ??? Rule Based
    ???????????????????????????????????
    ???????????????????????????????????????????? Rule
    ????????????????????

21
??????????????????????????????????????????????????
???
  • ????????????????????????????
  • ???????????????????????????????????????
  • ??????????????????????????????????????
  • ??????????????????????????????????????
  • Intranet Mail/Intranet Instant Messaging
  • ????????????????
  • Issue tracker/Task list
  • ?????????/?????? Workflow

22
System Infrastructure OSS lt-gt Windows
  • SAMBA Project (www.samba.org)
  • ????????????????????? Windows ????????????????
    Windows NT4/2000 ?????????????????????????????????
    ??????????????????????????????????????????
  • ????????????????????? PDC/BDC ????? Windows
    NT4/2000
  • ?????????????? Windows ???????????????????????????
    ????????????????? Samba ??? ?????? user account
    ????????????? Samba ???
  • ?????????????????????????? Windows2000 Active
    Directory
  • ?????????????????????????????????????????
    Directory Service ????????????????????? Directory
    Service ?????? ???? OpenLDAP

23
System Infrastructure OSS lt-gt Windows
  • ???????????????????????????????????????????????
    ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ??? Directory Service ????????????????????????????
    ??????????????????????????????????
  • OpenLDAP (www.openldap.org)
  • ???????????????????????????????????? Directory
    Service ???????????????????????????????????????
    ???? ????????????????????????????? ?????????????
    Inventory ???????? ???????
  • ????????????????????????????????
    ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ?? ????????????????? Single Sign-on ???
  • ????????????? On-line backup ?????????????????????
    ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
  • ???????????????? Multi-thread ???????????????????
    Schema ?????????????????????????????
    ????????????????????????????????????????????????
  • ??????????????????????????????????? Hierarchy
    ???????????????????????????????? Server
    ???????????? ???? Cluster ???????????????????

24
System Infrastructure OSS lt-gt Windows
25
System Infrastructure OSS lt-gt Linux
  • ????????????????? Linux ??????????????????????????
    ???? Authentication ???? Linux Server
    ??????????????????
  • NIS (Network Information System) -
    ??????????????????????????????????????? UNIX
    ?????????????????????????? ???????????????????????
    ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ? ???? ??????????????? ????????????????????????
  • ????????????????????????????? ???????????????
    OpenLDAP ?????????????????????????????????????????
    ??? ???????????????? Samba
  • Linux Distribution ???????????????????????????????
    ???????????? Directory Service ???? OpenLDAP ???
    ???????????????????????????? OpenLDAP ???????
    Hierarchical ?????????????????????????????????????
    ?????????????????????
  • ???? File Server ???????????? Samba
    ?????????????? Network File System
    ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ?????? ???????????????? Samba

26
System Infrastructure OSS lt-gt Linux
27
??????????????????????????????????????
  • ????????????????? Directory Service
    ??????????????????????? Internet Mail Server
    ??????????????? Intranet Mail Server ???
    ??????????????????????????????????????????????
    Address Book ??????????????????? Directory Server
  • ???????????????????????????????????????????
  • Postfix ???? Courier Mail Server ?????????????
    Directory Service ???????????????????????
  • OpenLDAP ?????????????????????????????????????????
    ??????
  • ??????????????????? ???? Outlook Express ????
    Evolution ????????????????????????????????
    Address Book ????????

28
??????????????????????????????????????
  • ????????????????????????????????????????
    ????????????????????????????/?????????????????????
    ????? ????????????????????????????? Address Book
    ??????????????????

29
??????????????????????????????????????
  • ??????????????????????????????????????
    ????????????????? Instant Messaging
    ?????????????????????????????? ???????????????????
    ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ??
  • Jabber (jabberd.jabberstudio.org/)- ?????????????
    Instant Messaging Server ?????????????????????????
    ? jabber instant messaging ?????????????????
    ???????????????????????? Internet ??????????????
    Client ??????????????????????? Linux ??? Windows
  • ?????????????? message ???????
  • ????????????? GroupChat ??????????????????????????
    ?
  • ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    Instant Messaging ????? ???? ICQ MSN ???? YIM
    ??????????
  • ??????????????????? Directory Service
    ??????????????????????????

30
??????????????????????????????????????
31
????????????????
  • ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ?? ???????????????????????????????????????
    ?????????????????????
  • ???????????????????????????????????????
    ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ????????????????????
  • ??????????????????????????????????????????????
    ????????????????????????????????????????
    ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ?????????????????????
  • ????????????????????????????????
    ????????????????????????????????????? Server
    ????????

32
??????????????????????
  • TUTOS (www.tutos.org) - ??????????????????????????
    ?????????? ??????????????????? PHP
    ???????????????? MySQL
  • ?????????????????????????? (task list)
  • ???????????????????????? (calendaring)
  • ?????????????????? (Address Book ???)
  • ????????????????????????????????????
    ?????????????????????????????????????????????
  • ???????????? Directory Service ???

33
?????????????????????? TUTOS
34
?????????????????????? TUTOS
35
??????????????????????
  • ?????? TUTOS ?????????????????????????? Groupware
    ????????????????????????????? ???? eGroupware
    (PHPGroupware)
  • (http//www.egroupware.org) ???????

36
??????????????????????eGroupware
  • ???????????? eGroupware
  • Address book
  • ?????????????????????????????
  • ?????? ????????????
  • ??????????????????????? filemanager
  • ????????????????????????
  • http//sourceforge.net/projects/egroupware/

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39
????????????????????? Workflow
  • ?????????????????????? Workflow
    ????????????????????????????????
    ?????????????????????????????????? Zope
    ?????????????? workflow ?????????????????
  • Zope (www.zope.org) - ?????????????????????
    ????????????????????????? ??????????????????
    Workflow ???????????
  • ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ?????????? workflow ????????????????????
  • ?????????????????? ??????????????? Python, ????
    Perl ????????????????????????????????????? DTML
  • ????????????????? ????????????????????????????????
    ???? E-Commerce ??????????

40
????????????????????? Workflow
  • Zope ?????????????????????????????????????????????
    ?????????????????? ??????????????????????????????
    ???? Plone (www.plone.org) ???? Silva
    (http//www.infrae.com/products/silva)
    ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ????????
  • ??????? NASA
  • ????????? Lufthansa
  • Bank of America
  • Silicon Graphic, Inc.
  • ??????? NATO

41
Tool Choice Progression
42
Intranet Portal Components
43
????????????????????????????????
  • ??????????????????????????????????????????????
    ???????????????????????????? ?????????????????????
    ????????????????????????????????????
  • AutoRPM (www.autorpm.org) - ??????????????????????
    ???????????? RPM Package ?????? RedHat/Fedora
    Linux ???? SuSE Linux ??????? ftp ????????????
  • APT (www.apt-get.org) - ??????????????????????????
    ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ???????????????????? Debian ??? RPM
  • YUM (Yellow Dog Updater, Modified)
    (linux.duke.edu/projects/yum/) -
    ??????????????????????????? Update RPM
    ???????????????
  • ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ???????????? ?????????????????????????????????????
    ?????????????
  • Tripwire (www.tripwire.org) - ????????????????????
    ????????????????????????????????
    ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ?

44
?????????????????????????????
  • ?????????? Linux Distribution ????????????????????
    ??????????????????????????????????????????
    ?????????????????????????????????? ????
  • ????????????????? ???????????????????????????
    ????????????????????????????????????????????
  • ???????????????????????????????????? ????
    ??????????????????? ????????????????????????
    ??????????????????????
  • Linux distribution ??????? ????
  • Linux TLE
  • Liberta Linux
  • GrandLinux
  • Burapha Linux

45
?????????????????????????????
  • Distribution ?????????????????????????????????????
    ??????????????????????????
  • OpenOffice Suite (OfficeTLE / Pladao) -
    ????????????????????????????? MS Office
  • XMMS / Xine / Mplayer - ??????????????????????????
    ????
  • GIMP/ Kouga / Dia - ??????????????????????????????
    ????????????
  • Mozilla / Mozilla Mail - ?????????????????????????
    ?????????
  • Evolution - ????????? E-mail ??????????????
    ???????????? MS Exchange Server

46
?????????????????????????????????? ????????
  • ???????????? ?????????????????????????????????????
    ?????? ???????????????????????????????????????????
    ??? Linux ??????????????????????? ????
  • ?????????????????????????/????????????????????????
    (RPM?,DEB?,TGZ?)
  • ????????????? GUI ?????????????????
    ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ?????????????????
  • ??????????????????????????????????? Linux
    ????????????????????????????????
    ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ??????????
  • ??????????????? ??????????????????????????????????
    ????????????????????
  • ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ????? ???????????????????????????
  • ???????????????????????????????
    ???????????????????
  • ???????????????? ??????????????????????? Linux
    ????????????????????????????
  • ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ?????? ???????????? ??????????????????????????????
    ?????????????????????

47
???????????????????????
  • ?????????????? Linux ?????????????????????????????
    ??????????? UNIX ?????????????????????????????????
    ????????????????????? ????????????????????????????
    ????????????????? ??????????????????????????????
  • SSH (Secure Shell) - ???? Remote-Login
    ??????????????????????????????
  • VNC (Virtual Network Connection) - ???? Remote
    Desktop ???????????? X-Windows ??????????
    ?????????????????????? GUI

48
CMS Web Content Management System
  • ????????????????????????????????????
    ???????????????????????? ????????? Dynamic
    ????????????????????????????????????????
    ????????????????? ????????? ??????????????? ???

49
C3MS Community, Content, and Collaborative
Management System.
  • ???????? CMS ?????????????????????????????????????
    ??????? ???????????????????????? Community ???
    Collaborative ????????????????????????????????????
    ??????????????????????????????? ????????????
    ??????????????????????????????????????????????

50
??????????? CMS
  • ???????? CMS ?????? ??????????????????????????
    ????????????????????????????????????????? CMS
    ?????????????????????????????????
    ??????????????????????????? ??????????????????????
    ?????????? ???? ??????????? ???? ?????? , ??????
    Download ???? , ???????????????, ???????????????,
    ?????????????????? ??????? ???????????????????????
    ?????????? ???????????????????????????????????????
    ? ??? ??????????????

51
Free CMS ?????????? PHP
  • PHP Nuke http//www.phpnuke.org/
  • PostNuke http//www.postnuke.com/
  • PHPWebsitehttp//phpwebsite.appstate.edu/
  • dorcMan http//www.dorcman.org (Object Oriented)
  • TikiWiki http//www.tikiwiki.org
  • eZContents http//www.ezcontents.org/
  • IF-CMS http//rhadrix.exyter.it/if-cms/ (Object
    Oriented)
  • Mambo http//www.mamboserver.com

52
Free CMS ?????? Python and Zope
  • Plone CMS http//plone.org/

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Open Source LMS
  • Open source software and Australian school
    education (August 2003) ??? (http//www.educationa
    u.edu.au/papers/open_source.pdf)
  • Moodle
  • ATutor
  • Claroline
  • LearnLoop
  • Splearn

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60
OSS Library Greenstone Digital Library
61
KOHA
62
OSS GIS Spatial Databases
  • Open source software
  • PostGIS / PostgreSQL
  • Spatial database functionality in PostgreSQL
  • OpenGIS Simple Features for SQL (SFSQL) as
    design guide
  • PostGIS Objects
  • POINT, LINESTRING, POLYGON, MULTIPOINT,
    MULTILINESTRING, MULTIPOLYGON, GEOMETRYCOLLECTION

63
PostGIS Functionality
  • Spatial indexing for all object types
  • R-Tree on GiST Index
  • Analysis functions
  • Area()
  • Length()
  • Distance()
  • Transform()

64
PostGIS Data Access
  • Loading / Dumping
  • Includes shp2pgsql and pgsql2shp utilities
  • OGR utility allows importing from multiple
    formats
  • E00Pg utility allows importing from E00 files
  • Java
  • Includes JDBC Extension Objects for Geometries
  • C/C
  • Using Well-Known Binary over the PostgreSQL C/C
    API

65
PostGIS Data Visualization
  • Internet mapping with Mapserver
  • PHP/Mapscript and PHP/PgSQL to build interactive
    web mapping applications
  • ArcIMS emulator with Mapserver to view PostGIS
    data within Arc8
  • Java mapping with GeoTools
  • GeoTools has a beta PostGIS layer data source

66
PostGIS in the Real World (1)
  • Queensland, AustraliaDepartment of Natural
    Resources
  • Forestry permitting internal web application
  • Query database by attribute and return map of
    parcel area with supporting information from
    database
  • City of Boston, USA
  • Online property analysis internal web application
  • Identify parcels which are proximate and display
    results using Mapserver

67
Open for Business
  • The Motivation of Open For Business
  • Applications
  • Complete, easy to customize enterprise
    applications
  • Standards based and open source
  • Large applications, few lines of code
  • Framework
  • Necessary addition to common tools for efficiency
  • Tools Patterns to reduce code volume and skills
    required for common business software needs
  • Open source for increased reliability and
    adoption

68
Open for Business
  • The Open For Business Vision
  • The 5 'E's
  • Ease of Cost
  • Ease of Installation
  • Ease of Customization
  • Ease of Integration
  • Ease of Use

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73
??????????????????? OSS
  • Script Language
  • PHP, Perl, Python, Java,TCL/TK, Qt, GTK
  • DBMS
  • PostgreSQL, MySQL
  • Development Tool
  • ArgoUML (??? Rational Rose)
  • MrProject (??? MS Project)
  • Development environments
  • Emacs Java SDK
  • Free closed software Sun ONE (Forte) Community
    Edition

74
??????????????????? OSS
  • Groupware
  • E-groupware
  • Content Management Software
  • phpnuke, postnuke, plone,OpenCms
  • Web Service
  • Java and Web Service JAXM, JAX-RPC, JWSDP

75
??????????????????? Proprietary Software
  • Proprietary Open Source
    Examples
  • Microsoft Windows (98,2000,XP) Linux
    (Red Hat, Mandrake, SuSE, Debian,

  • Knoppix, many more), or FreeBSD
  • Microsoft Office OpenOffice.org
  • Microsoft Internet Explorer
    Mozilla (or Firefox, Galeon, Konqueror)
  • Adobe Photoshop Gimp
  • Dreamweaver Mozilla Composer
    (but less features)
  • Microsoft SQL Server, Oracle MySQL,
    PostgreSQL
  • Microsoft Web Server (IIS) Apache
  • Active Server Pages (ASP) PHP
  • Note For complete list, please refer to
    http//linuxshop.ru/linuxbegin/win-lin-soft-en/tab
    le.shtml

76
Open Source Software Stacks
Desktop Applications
Web Applications
Office Applications
Enterprise Applications
Browser
Network
Database
  • Webserver
  • Apache .Tomcat
  • Mail Server
  • Sendmail
  • Mail Manager
  • Majordomo .MailMan
  • DNS Server
  • BIND
  • Proxy Server
  • Squid
  • Router .NAT
  • Firewall .iptables
  • IDS .snort
  • Port Mapper.. .Nmap
  • Sniffer . .Ethereal .Dsniff
  • Com.Tunnel .OpenSSL .OpenSSH
  • File Server .SAMBA
  • Print Server .LPR
    .CUPS
  • Multimedia
  • Jabber ..Andromed
    ..Mplayer ..Xine
  • Graphics
  • GIMP ..Painter
    ..Dia
  • CAD
  • ..LinuxCAD ..VariCAD
  • PDF/PS
  • ..Acrobat ..Xpdf
    ..Ghostview
  • Office Suite
  • ...OpenOffice.org ...Koffice
    ...PSSlides ...MrProject
    GnuCash
  • Windows Manager
  • KDE GNOME
    XFCE LceWM
  • eZPublish
  • Smart
  • ERP
  • PostNuke
  • CRM
  • Compiere
  • Twiki
  • Amphora
  • Mozilla
  • Firefox
  • Galeon
  • Netscape
  • Konqueror
  • Amaya
  • MySQL
  • MSQL
  • Dexter
  • PostgreSQL
  • Firebird

Back end
Front end
Operating System Linux (Fedora, Mandrake,
Debian, Knopix, etc), Free/Open/NetBSD, Minix
Web Development PHP, PERL, Netbeans, Aspire,
Jflash, Freepascal, etc
77
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  • K12 Open Source in Schools. Homepage k12os.org
  • Open Source Schools. Fostering Free Open Source
    Curricula, Software and Thought in School.
    Homepage www.opensourceschools.org
  • Education GNU Project Free Software
    Foundation (FSF). Homepage
    www.gnu.org/education/education.html.
  • Linux For Kids. The place to find information for
    children. Homepage
    www.linuxforkids.org/.
  • Seul-edu, home of educational software for Linux.
    This covers all aspects of educational
    uses of Linux, by teachers, parents, and
    students. Homepage
    www.seul.org/edu/
  • Blue Linux Educational Linux Distribution.
    Building an easy to use and administer Linux
    Distribution for school systems.
    Homepage www.bluelinux.org
  • This is a group of projects all collaborating
    together to make Linux in education work
    together. Homepage www.schoolforge.net, etc

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