Lecture Part IV: Ecclesiology

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Lecture Part IV Ecclesiology

• Jintae Kim, PhD
• Alliance Theological Seminary
• Nyack, NY 10960
• [phone]
• E-mail Jintae.kim_at_nyack.edu
• Website http//all4jesus.net

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??

• 1. ????
• 2. ??? ??? ??
• 3. ?? ??? ??

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1. ????

• ??? ????
• ??? 2?? ??
• ??? ???? ?? 4 ?? ??
• ??? 3 ?? ??? ???

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Basic Meaning of the term Church

• Greek ?? ekklesia
• Simply an assembly of the citizens of a city ???
  ???? ??, ??? ???? ??.

• Hebrew ?? qahal
• A designation of an act of assembling
• ??? ??, ??? ??? ?

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Church in two senses
?? ??
Universal or Invisible Church (??? ?? ???? ??) ??? ???? ?? ????? ?? ?? ???? ????. Matt 1618 Eph 122-23 523
Local or Visible Church (???? ?? ??? ??) ?? ?? ??? ??? ??? ???? ??? ????. 1 Cor 12 1 Thess1 1
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4 Views on the Unity of the Church (Erickson, 330)
View Argument
Spiritual unity All believers are united in a sense that they serve and love the same Lord. Unity applies to the universal or invisible church.
Visible unity Although congregations and denominations are separate from one another, they are basically of the same faith, and so should strive to give observable expression to this unity in whatever fashion possible. Mutual recognition and fellowship.
Conciliar unity While retaining their individual identity, denominations bind themselves together in a formal association or council.
Organic unity Congregations unite in one large denomination, combining their traditions (United church of Canada) .
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??? ???? ?? 4 ?? ?? (Erickson, 330)
?? ??
???? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??? ???? ???? ??. ??? ??.
??? ?? ?? ???? ??? ??? ??? ???? ???? ??? ??? ?? ??. ???? ??, ????, ????
????? ?? ??? ??? ????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ? ??.
??? ?? ?? ??? ?? ??? ????? ? ???? ??? ??? ??. ??? ????? ?.
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3 Biblical Images of the Church (331-4)
Image Meaning
The People of God Focus on Gods initiative in choosing them (2 Cor 616) and Holiness (Eph 526-27). (1) God takes pride in them (2) He provides care and protection to his people (3) God expects their loyalty.
The body of Christ The church is the focal point of Christs activity now (1 Cor 1227).
The temple of the Spirit The church is now indwelt by the Spirit, on both an individual and a collective basis (1 Cor 316-17 619-20).
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??? 3 ?? ??? ??? (331-4)
?? ??
???? ?? ???? ??? ?? (?? 616) ? ?? (? 526-27) ? ??. (1) ???? ????? ???? ?? (2) ???? ???? ?? ?? (3) ???? ???? ?? ??.
????? ? ??? ??? ?? ?????? (?? 1227).
??? ? ??? ???? ?? ??? ??? ??? ?? ??? (?? 316-17 619-20).
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Six Aspects to the Image of the Church as the
Body of Christ (332-3)

• 1. Christ is the head of this body (Col 127)
• ? He nourishes and rules the church (Col
  118 219)
• 2. The interconnectedness between all the
  persons who make up the church (1 Cor 1212)
• 3. The dependence of each believer upon every
  other and genuine fellowship between them (Eph
  416 1 Cor 1226)

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• 4. Members of the church are not to be divided
  (Eph 45-6).
• 5. It is for all who will come into it. There are
  no longer any special qualifications like
  nationality (Col 311).
• 6. The church is the extension of the ministry of
  Christ (Matt 2819-20).

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The Temple of the Holy Spirit (333-4)

• 1. Coming of the Spirit and Birth of the Church.
• 2. Indwelling of the Spirit Individual and
  Church (1Cor 316-17).
• 3. Gifts from the Spirit Life (Gal 522-23)
  Power (Acts 18) Revelation and illumination,
  Guidance (John 1426) Spiritual gifts (1 Cor
  1211).
• 4. Unity of the church (1 Cor 1213).
• 5. Makes the church holy and impure (1 Cor
  619-20).

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Implications (334-5)

• 1. ??? ????? ????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ???? ??? ???
  ?? ????? ??.
• 2. ??? ???? ????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ????? ??? ??
  ????.
• 3. ??? ??? ??? ??? ? ??? ???? ?? ????.

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• 4. ??? ??? ???? ???? ??? ??? ???? ??.
• 5. ??? ???? ??? ???? ???? ???? ???? ??? ????? ???
  ??? ???? ???.

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2. The Role and Government of the Church (336-45)

• ??? ??
• ????? ?? ??
• ??? ???? 4 ??
• ?? ???? ????? ? ?? ????

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??? ?? (337-40)
Role ?? Explanation ??
?? (Evangelism) ???? (? 2819 ? 18) ??? ?? ?? ??? ?? ?? ?? ??.
??? (Edification) ?? ?? ??? ??? ???? ???. ?? (1) ??? ?? (? 411-12 ?? 1426) (2) ?? (??, ???, ???? ??) (3) ?? (?? 51-2) (4) ??.
?? (Worship) ??? ?? ???? ???. ???? ?? ???? ??. ??? ???? ??? ?? ?. ?? ??? ??? ??.
??? ?? (Social Concern) ?? (? 1017-19) ?? (? 1025-37 ? 127). ??? ?? ?? ??. ????? ??? ???
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Gospel as the Heart of the Church Ministry
(350-52)

• 1. The foundation and center of all church
  functions.
• 2. The raison detre and the purpose of the
  church, which it has to hold on forever no matter
  what costs are involved in doing it.
• 3. Christ announced that he was anointed to
  preach the gospel and entrusted it to the
  disciples (Luke 418).
• 4. Gospel includes both active proclamation of
  the gospel message and the content proclaimed.

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????? ?? ?? (350-52)

• 1. ??? ?? ???? ???? ??.
• 2. ??? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??? ???? ? ????.
• 3. ???? ??? ??? ????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ????? ???
  ?? ?? ????? (? 418).
• 4. ?? ??? ?? ? ??? ???? ?? ?? ?? ? ??? ? ??.

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??? ???? 4 ?? (352-4)
?? ??
???? (Episcopal) ??? ??. ?? ?????. Hierarchical. ???? (Methodist), ??? (Episcopal), ?? ???.
??? ?? (Presbyterian) ???? ??. ?? ???. ????. ???? (Reformed).
?? ?? Congregational ??? ??. ???? ????? ??. ???? (Baptists), ???? (Congregational), ??? ??.
??? ?? Nongovernmental ??? ???? ??. ????? ??? ?? ???? ??? ??? ??. ??? ?.
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Do we need the church government? 3 Elements
(355)

• 1. The value of order
• 2. The need to have certain persons responsible
  for specific ministries.
• 3. The need to have ministers for teaching and
  observance of sacraments

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?? ?? ?? ????? 3 ?? ???? (355)

• 1. ??? ??? ??? ??? ???? ?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ???
  ??? ??.
• 2. ??? ??? ???? ???.
• 3. ???? ?? ??? ?? ??? ???.

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3. Ordinances of the Church Baptism and the
Lords Supper?? ??? ?? (356-67)
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Baptism ?? (Initiatory Rite, 358-63)

• ??? ?? ? ?? ??
• ????? ??
• ??? ??? ???????
• ??? ??? ???
• ????? ??? ????
• ??? ??

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3 Basic View of Baptism (358-61)
View Explanation Remarks
Means of saving grace -Sacramentalist Opere Operato (the sacrament works itself ) Roman Catholic cf. Old Lutheran
Signs and seals of Gods working out a of covenant Means of initiation into the covenant and a sign of salvation. Reformed and Presbyterian. Infant baptism.
A token of salvation- Believers baptism An outward symbol or indication of the inward change which has been effected in the believer. No infant baptism. Baptist CMA.
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??? ?? ? ?? ?? (358-61)
?? ?? ??
??? ?? -Sacramentalist Opere Operato (??? ????) Roman Catholic cf. Old Lutheran
??? ??? ?? ??? ???? ???? ??? ??. Reformed and Presbyterian. ???? ?.
??? ??- Believers baptism ?? ??? ???? ?? ??? ???? ??? ?? ?? ??? ??. ???? ??. Baptist CMA.
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Roman Catholic vs. Lutheran view on Baptism

• Lutheran
• By either awakening or strengthening faith,
  baptism effects the washing of regeneration.
  Faith is prerequisite.

• R.C.
• The sacrament is self-sufficient. Faith is not
  really necessary.
• (Rom 63).

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?? ???? ???? ??

• ???
• ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?????.

• ???
• ??? ??? ??. ? ??? ???? ?? ? ??? ??? ??? ????
• (? 63).

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Basis of Infant Baptism (R.C. And the Old
Lutheran)

• 1. Proof text Mark 1013-14 Acts1114 1615,
  31 whole household
• 2. Argument Infant baptism removes the taints of
  the original sin.
• 3. Evidence
• (1) Infants who are baptized may possess an
  unconscious faith (Matt 186 1914 Mark 1014).
• (2) Vicarious faith
• It is the faith of the parents (or even of
  the church) that is involved when a child is
  baptized.

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????? ?? (???? ? ???)

• 1. ???? ? 1013-14 ? 1114 1615, 31 ? ?
• 2. ?? ????? ???? ??? ????.
• 3. ??
• (1) ?? ??? ?? (implicit faith)? ?? ? ??.
• (2) ????? ??
• ??? ?? ?? ??? ?? (vicarious faith) ? ???
  ????.

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Is baptism essential to salvation? (361-62)

• 1. Mark 1616 He who believes and is baptized
  will be saved
• Emphasis is on faith, not on baptism.
• 2. John 35 Unless one is born of water and
  spirit The expression born of water would have
  meant the idea of cleansing or purification, not
  baptism.
• 3. Tit 35 The expression washing of
  regeneration may point to the cleaning and
  forgiveness of sins rather than baptism.
• 4. Conclusion There is little biblical evidence
  to support the idea that baptism is a means of
  regeneration or a channel of grace essential to
  salvation.

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??? ??? ??????? (361-62)

• 1. ? 1616 ?? ??? ?? ??
• ??? ?? ???? ??? ???.
• 2. ? 35 ?? ????? ?? ??? ??? ????? ??? ???.
• 3. ? 35 ??? ??? ??? ????? ???? ?? ??????.
• 4. ?? ??? ??? ???? ???? ???? ??? ???? ??? ???
  ??.

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The Meaning of Baptism

• 1. Union with Christ in His death and
  resurrection (Rom 61-11).
• 2. An act of faith and commitment (Acts 2216).
• 3. A powerful proclamation of the truth of what
  Christ has done (forgiveness of sins).

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??? ??? ???

• 1. ????? ???? ??? ??? (? 61-11).
• 2. ??? ??? ?? (? 2216).
• 3. ??? ?? (???) ? ??.

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Shall we accept infant baptism?

• 1. Lack of any positive NT indication that
  infants were baptized. whole household (Acts
  1114 1616, 31) may have referred to all the
  individuals reached an age of understanding and
  responsibility.
• 2. When Jesus said that whoever would enter the
  kingdom of heaven must become like a child, he
  was making a point about the necessity of simple
  trust, not about baptism (Mark 1013-14).
• 3. Conclusion The believers baptism is the
  correct position.

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????? ??? ????

• 1. ????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ??? ??? ?? ??? ???. ?
  ? (? 1114 1616, 31)? ? ??? ???? ???? ?? ?
  ????.
• 2. ???? ????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ??? ???? (?
  1013-14).
• 3. ?? ?? ??? ???? ???? (Believers baptism).

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Mode of Baptism

• 1. Two considerations
• (1) The NT mode of baptism Immersion.
• (2) Symbolic meaning Immersion (Rom 63-5).
  Baptism symbolizes the basis of the believers
  death to sin and new life the death, burial, and
  resurrection of Christ.
• 2. Conclusion
• Immersion seems the most adequate of baptism
  while it may not be the only valid form.

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??? ??

• 1. ? ?? ????
• (1) ??? ??? ?? ??.
• (2) ??? ?? ?? (? 63-5). ?? ??? ?? ???
  ????? ???? ??? ?? ??? ????.
• 2. ??
• ??? ??? ???? ??? ????? ? ?? ???? ?? ????? ???
  ????.

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Lords Supper ?? (Continuing Rite of the Church,
363-67)
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4 Views on the Lords Supper(363-5)
Views
R.C. - Council of Trent (1545-63) Transsubstantiation (1) Literally partakes in the body and blood of Christ (2) Repetitive sacrifice of Christ (3) Only the properly ordained priest must be present to consecrate the host (sacredotalism).
Lutheran Con-substantiation While accepting (1), they deny (2) and (3). Benefits Forgiveness of sin and confirmation of faith.
Reformed (Calvinists) Spiritual or dynamic presence. Benefits It seals the love of Christ to believers, giving them the assurance that all the promises of the covenant and the riches of the gospel are theirs by a divine donation.
Zwinglians Merely commemoration. Value lies simply in receiving by faith the benefits of Christs death.
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??? ?? 4?? ?? (363-65)
??? ??
?? ??? - ??? ???? (1545-63) Transsubstantiation (???) (1) ????? ????? ?? ?? ?? (2) ????? ??? ???? (3) ???? ?? ???? ???? ? ??? ???? (sacredotalism)
??? ???? ??? (1)? ???? (2)? (3)? ??. ?? ?? ??? ??? ??? ????.
??? (????) ??? ?? (dynamic presence). ?? ???. ?? ????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ?.
???? ? ??? ?? (Commemoration). ?? ????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ???.
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Meaning of the Supper

• Union with Christ
• (1) The bread symbolizes one body.
• (2) The cup symbolizes in participating in the
  blood of Christ (i.e. Atonement).

• Union of the believers
• (1) Believers are united in Christ by sharing
  from the same bread.
• (2) They forgive one another as the forgiven by
  sharing the cup.

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??? ??

• ?????? ??
• (1) ?? ? ?? ??
• (2) ?? ????? ?? ???, ? ??? ??.

• ?? ???? ??
• (1) ?? ???? ???? ??? ???.
• (2) ?? ???? ??? ?? ????? ?? ???.