VIRGINIA (Southern)

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VIRGINIA (Southern)
Founder
Sir Walter Raleigh
Reasons
InvestmentViriginia Company of London
People
English settlers, indentured servants, black
slaves, skilled tradesmen
Mild winters, hot/humid summers very fertile
coastal land for plantation style farming
Climate Geography
Economy
Tobacco, slave trading
Religion
Church of England, mandated attendance, gentry
dominated
Free landowning white men elected representatives
to House of Burgesses reputation for self
government
Government
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SOUTH CAROLINA (Southern)
Founder
8 Lords Proprietors (friends of King Charles II)
Reasons
Gift from King for support investment
People
English settlers, Natives forced into slavery,
white Europeans fleeing religious persecution
Short mild winters, summers long, humid, hot.
Long growing seasons for rice in swampy land
Climate Geography
Farming (cotton,rice, tobacco, indigo), slave
labor/trading, known for furniture makers
silversmiths
Economy
Religion
Great religious liberty, Locke wrote laws that
protected established religions
Ruled by law system written by Locke. Fundamental
Constitution of South Carolina but still ruled by
England. Local control of government
Government
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GEORGIA (Southern)
Established by King George II, business rights to
Eight Lords Proprietors, job of setting to James
Ogelthorpe
Founder
Reasons
To wrestle colony away from Spain Ogelthorpe
visioned a refuge for poor debtors from prison.
People
English settlers from debtors prison (French,
Irish, Scottish ,Germans, Dutch) Natives forced
into slavery,
Short mild winters, Summers long, hot humid.
Fertile swamps for rice indigo plantations
Climate Geography
Farming (cotton,rice, tobacco, indigo), slave
labor/trading, known for furniture makers
silversmiths
Economy
Religion
Ogelthorpe envisioned Georgia as a safe place to
live escape religious persecution
Government
Georgian landowners elected representatives to
Common House Assembly Governor had final word on
laws
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PENNSYLVANIA (Middle)
England won dispute over colony from French
Dutch John Cabot claimed land for England in
1497. Colony given to William Penn by King
Founder
Penn established to allow freedom of worship
haven for those persecuted religiously
Reasons
People
English Quakers Protestants persecuted by
Catholics Lutherans, Mennonites, Amish,
Moravians from Germany
Rolling Hills, trees, fertile soil hot humid
summers, cold snowy winters
Climate Geography
Most farmers who raised vegetables dairy
cattle Merchants tradesmen lumber business
Economy
Religion
Religiously tolerant capital named Philadelphia
(city of brotherly love)
Government
Free men in the colony elected 200
representatives to Pennsylvania General Assembly
yearly voted on laws by Provincial Council
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MARYLAND (Middle)
Claimed by John Smith 1608 King Charles I gave
land to Lord George Calvert
Founder
A Lord Proprietor ran as a business Calvert (a
Catholic) wanted a land of religious freedom
sanctuary for political religious freedom
Reasons
People
Most were Catholic settlers also persecuted
Protestants from England Quakers, Baptists,
Puritans, Wesleyans.
On both sides of Chesapeake Bay surrounding land
low fertile winters could be cold, lots of
rain snow, summers hot humid
Climate Geography
Colonists supported themselves with farms
growing flax, corn , wheat, vegetables, tobacco
fruit trees timber industry, shipping, fishing,
raising cattle
Economy
Religion
Most colonists were Catholic, but religious
freedom was granted to inhabitants
Government
Mostly independent of England, self governing,
Calvert granted more powers than most colonial
leaders Free men elected representatives to
govern the colony
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MASSACHUSETTS (New England)
Pilgrims preserving religious freedom led by
William Bradford aboard the Mayflower. Puritans
under John Winthrop founded Massachusetts Bay
Colony around Boston
Founder
Pilgrims Puritans came to practice their
religion in their own way create a place for
other believers to worship.
Reasons
People
Natives helped 1st settlers survive 1st winter
Pilgrims and Puritans worshipped lived in
Massachusetts Bay Colony
Fertile covered with rich pasture for cattle
large forests for timber. Winters bitterly cold
Summers warm humid
Climate Geography
small farms for food trade, cattle on pasture,
harvested timber shopkeepers tradesmen
shipping industry on natural ports
Economy
Religion
Puritan settlers for religious freedom, Laws of
colony based on religious beliefs, believed
setting up kingdom for god on earth
Government
Was a theocracy (ruled by ministers who believed
their power was from God). Voters must be in good
standing with church. Later representatives were
elected at town meetings.
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CONNECTICUT (New England)
Claimed by Dutch explorer Adrian Block in 1614,
by an Englishman John Oldham in 1633. England won
the argument Thoamd Hooker lead a Puritan
congregation to Connecticut in 1636.
Founder
Thomas Hooker went to Puritan Massachusetts, but
he was disturbed by the lack of democracy, he
left to find even greater religious freedom.
Reasons
People
Native lived near Quinnequktuqut In 1631 Natives
invited Massachusetts Bay Colony governor to
settle in the area, in exchange they asked for
protection from their enemy tribes.
Winters much colder than Englands summers more
mild. Terrian hilly covered with forest soil
suitable but farms small used the sea to make a
living by fishing, whaling and trading.
Climate Geography
Economy
Grew food for their family, common crops corn,
pumpkin, beans, squash, apples. Shipbuilding,
fishing, whaling also helped economy.
Religion
Most colonists came to Connecticut from Puritan
communities, they followed the Puritan religion,
they made sure to separate religious codes from
colonial laws.
Government
Had the worlds first written constitution, called
the Fundamental Orders, it called for a
government from the consent of the governed.
Representatives elected by free white men.
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NEW YORK (New England)
French explorer Samuel de Champlain, was in NY in
1608. Henry Hudson claimed the area for the
Netherlands. It was called New Netherlands.
Founder
Dutch granted charter to Dutch East India Company
for trading natural resources. In 1644 the colony
was surrender to British capital called New York
Reasons
1st settlers from Dutch East India Company set up
patroons where 50 people could receive a large
land grant if patron promised a portion. Some
came as indentured servants, 1 of 5 were African
slaves. Natives driven further North.
People
Hot humid summers, bitterly cold winters with
wind snow. Terrian was swampy near coast
Hudson River, forested mountains, ground rocky
but good for farming when cleared.
Climate Geography
Economy
fur trapping, lumber trading, shipping, the
slave trade merchants tradesman. Most were
farmers corn, flax, wheat, vegetables tobacco.
Mined iron for finished goods
Religion
NY situated between Puritan and Quaker colonies
a great deal of religious freedom.
Government
Colony run by King appointed governor. He made
all laws little self government.
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RHODE ISLAND (New England)
1st explored by Italians Dutch established as
colony by Roger Williams, preacher from
Massachusetts, in 1636
Founder
Williams conflicted with Puritan leaders in
Massachusetts. Instead of being silenced Williams
left for a place he called Providence.
Reasons
Many Native Americans that white Europeans
coexisted with. Followed by many worshippers. A
rich few owned plantations with slaves.
People
Red clay soil, most cattle dairy farmers, hilly
clay soiled land hard to farm. Winters
colder/harsher than in England, summers more humid
Climate Geography
Economy
Cattle Dairy farmers, most lived on small
family farms, Common crops corn, beans, squash,
tobacco.
Religion
Founded as a place for religious freedom
populated by Quakers, Baptists, Anglicans,
Puritans, and Congregationalists.
Government
Ruled by a governor, deputy governor, 10
assistants to governor, and a General Assembly.
The Assembly power to make laws 7 create local
militia to defend against Indian attacks.