Biological Basis: Fact of Falsehood.

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Biological Basis Fact of Falsehood.

1. A small amount of brain tissue from a person
   cannot be distinguished from that of a monkey.
2. The human brain produces its own natural opiates
   that elevate mood and ease pain.
3. Electrically stimulating a cats brain at a
   certain point can cause the animal to cower in
   terror at the presence of a small mouse.
4. We ordinarily use only 10 percent of our brains.
5. Adults cannot generate new brain cells.

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Neural Communication

• Biological Psychology
• branch of psychology concerned with the links
  between biology and behavior
• behavioral neuroscientists, neuropsychologists,
  behavior geneticists, physiological psychologist,
  or biopsychologists all names for Biological
  Psychologists

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Neural Communication

• Also should know
• Nodes of Ranvier
• Soma
• Axon hillock
• Schwann cell

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Neural Communication

• Action Potential
• a neural impulse a brief electrical charge that
  travels down an axon
• generated by the movement of positively charges
  atoms in and out of channels in the axons
  membrane
• Threshold
• the level of stimulation required to trigger a
  neural impulse

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Neural Communication
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Neural Communication
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Neurotransmitters

• Serotonin
• F mood, hunger, sleep, arousal
• D undersupply linked to depression
  antidepressants increase S levels
• Sara Serotonin the Teenager
• Dopamine
• F movement, learning, attention, emotion
• D excess amounts linked to schizophrenia
  decreased amounts linked to Parkinsons
• Daphne the Dancer has a lot of Dopamine

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Neurotransmitters
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Neurotransmitters

• Acetylcholine
• F Enables muscle action, learning, memory
• D Alzheimers deteriorates the production of ACh
• Ace ACh is the best guy on campus
• Norepinephrine
• F Helps control alertness arousal
• D undersupply can depress mood, but not as much
  as serotonin
• Neurotic Nora

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Neural Communication
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Neurotransmitters

• Endorphins
• morphine within
• natural, opiatelike neurotransmitters
• linked to pain control and to pleasure

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Neural and Hormonal Systems
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Neural and Hormonal Systems

• Nerves
• neural cables containing many axons
• part of the peripheral nervous system
• connect the central nervous system with muscles,
  glands, and sense organs
• Sensory Neurons
• neurons that carry incoming information from the
  sense receptors to the central nervous system

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Neural and Hormonal Systems

• Interneurons
• CNS neurons that internally communicate and
  intervene between the sensory inputs and motor
  outputs
• Motor Neurons
• carry outgoing information from the CNS to
  muscles and glands
• Skeletal Nervous System
• the division of the peripheral nervous system
  that controls the bodys skeletal muscles

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Neural and Hormonal Systems

• Autonomic Nervous System
• the part of the peripheral nervous system that
  controls the glands and the muscles of the
  internal organs (such as the heart)
• Sympathetic Nervous System
• division of the autonomic nervous system that
  arouses the body, mobilizing its energy in
  stressful situations
• Parasympathetic Nervous System
• division of the autonomic nervous system that
  calms the body, conserving its energy

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Reflex

• a simple, automatic, inborn response to a
  sensory stimulus