????????????,???????????????????????:??????????,?????????,???????????????????,?????????????????????,????????DNA?????????????

1
? ? ?? ? ? ? ? ?
2
??

• ????????
• ??????????
• ?????
• ????
• ?????
• ?????????
• ??????????

3
??
????????????,?????????????????????????????????,??
???????,???????????????????,?????????????????????,
????????DNA?????????????
4
????????

• ?????
• ???????????

5
?7-1
6
?????
????????? 1????????????? 2?????????? 3??DNA??????
????????????? 4??????????? 5?????? 6??????????????
,????????? 7?????????????
7
?7-2
8
?7-3
9
???????????
????????(gene targeting in mice) ???????DNA??????
??????,??(knock out)????????????,???????????,?????
?????
10
?7-4
11
?7-5
12
?7-6
13
??????????

• ???????????????
• ???????????
• ????,??????
• ????????
• ????????
• ??????
• ?????????

14
??
???????????,??????????????????????????????????????
???????????
15
?

• ????????
• ???????
• ????????
• ????
• ?????,?????????????
• ????DNA??????
• ?????????(blastula)
• ??PCP???????????????????
• ??????????
• ????

16
???????
??????,???????????? ???,?????????????? ????,?????
??? ???? ??????????????????? ?????,?????????????
?????????????????
17
??
????????????(???????????,?????????????????????????
??????????????????????????????
18
?7-7
19
?????

• ???
• ???
• ???
• ???
• ?????

20
???
?????????(food-and-mouth disease)??????,??????????
???,???????????????????(?????)???????????
21
???
????????????(bovine spongiform Encephalopathy,BSE)
??????????????prion????,???????????????,?????,????
????Prion?????????,?????????????????,?????????????
?
22
???
???(coccidiosis)????????????, ????????????????????
? ??????????,?20?????? ?????,???????????????
23
???
?????????????????? (trypanosomiasis)??????????? ?,
?????????,?????? ?????,?????????
24
?????
?????(theileriosis)??????? (east coast
fever),?????????? ????12???,??????? (????)????????
,?? ??????????,?????? ????,???????????
25
????
???? ???????????????????????????,??????????????? ?
??? 1996?Dolly?????????????, ????????? 1?????????
????????? 2??????? 3??????????? 4???????????,?????
??? ???,???????
26
?7-8
27
?7-9
28
?7-10
29
?7-11
30
?7-12
31
????? (conservation biology)
????????????????????, ????????????????????? ??????
???????????,??? ???????????????????,? ???????,????
???????
32
?7-13
33
?7-14
34
?7-15
35
?7-16
36
?????????
????????????????? ????????????????? ??????????????
??? ????????????????? ??????????????
37
??????????
???????1980???,???????????????,???????(invention
was not unpatentable simply because it was a
living organism)??1987?4?7?,??????????????????????
?(????)???????