Vineyard Weed Control

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Vineyard Weed Control Floor Management

• David Myers
• Extension Educator

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Vineyard Floor ManagementVineyard Floor
Management Options

• In the Row
• Herbicide strip
• Mechanical weed management
• Mulch
• Between the Rows
• Sod strip
• Mechanical weed management

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Vineyard Floor Management
Between the rows
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Vineyard Floor ManagementIn the Row Management
Mechanical Weed Control

• Advantages
• Minimal competition
• No long term effect on vines

• Drawbacks
• Impact on soil structure - Mud
• Labor/frequency
• Equipment

http//www.vineyardequipmentsales.com/index.html
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Vineyard Floor Management
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Vineyard Floor Management
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Vineyard Floor Management
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Vineyard Floor ManagementIn the Row
ManagementMulch

• Drawbacks
• Labor/frequency
• Equipment
• Supply
• Tie up Nitrogen
• Mice

• Advantages
• Minimal competition
• No long term effect on vines
• Add organic matter in long run

www.millcreekmfg.com/
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Plastic Mulch?
Landscape Fabric?
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Vineyard Floor ManagementIn the Row Management
Herbicide Strip

• Advantages
• Minimal competition
• Minimal impact on soil structure
• Low labor
• Aesthetics

• Drawbacks
• Expense
• Equipment
• Exposure
• Short and long term effect on vines?

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Tell me more about herbicides!
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Herbicide Mode of Action Classification

• Cell Membrane Disrupters
• Bipyridiliums
• Paraquat Gramoxone Inteon
• Post-emergence with no soil
• activity or uptake
• Non-selective
• Contact herbicide rapid foliar absorption with
  some translocation
• Use with a non-ionic surfactant (NIS)

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Herbicide Mode of Action Classification

• Cell Membrane Disrupters
• Nonanic acid
• Pelargonic Acid Scythe
• Post-emergence with no soil activity or uptake.
• Non-selective.
• Contact herbicide rapid foliar absorption,
  non-systemic.
• 75-200 gals/acre spray solution of 5-10
  Scythe.
• 10-gallon spray mixtures
• 5 Solution 2.0 qts. Scythe 9.5 gals. water.
• 7 Solution 2.75 qts. Scythe 9.3 gals.
  water.
• 10 solution 4.0 qts. Scythe 9.0 gals.
  water.

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Herbicide Mode of Action Classification

• Aromatic Amino-Acid 5 Enolpyruvyl-Shikimate-3-Phos
  phate Synthase (EPSP) Inhibitors
• No Accepted Classification
• Glyphosate Roundup Weather Max 7 Roundup
  formulations or Touchdown or Credit or
  Rattler
• Glufosinate Rely
• Post-emergence with no soil activity or uptake.
• Non-selective.
• Contact systemic herbicide foliar absorption
  with translocation.
• Do not use with a surfactant see label.
• Avoid trunk, fruit, branch bud contact.

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Herbicide Mode of Action Classification

• Meristematic Root Inhibitors Inhibition of Cell
  Division and Elongation of Roots
• Dinitroanalines
• Pendimethalin Pendimax or Prowl New H2O
  formulation
• Oryzalin Surflan A.S.
• Trifluralin Treflan or Trilin
• Pre-emergence with 1-3 months of soil activity
• Does not leach forms a herbicide barrier in
  clay soils
• Apply before rainfall or shallowly incorporate
• Controls grasses small seeded broadleaves
• Not translocated in plants
• Pendimethalin labeled for non-bearing vineyards -
  New 2008 Prowl H2O Supplemental Label for Bearing
  Orchards

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www.CDMS.NET
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Herbicide Mode of Action Classification

• Meristematic Shoot Inhibitors Strong Inhibiter
  of Mitosis - Cell Division
• Chloracetamides or Amides
• Napropamide Devrinol
• Pronamide Kerb Apply post harvest to 1-year
  old vineyards
• Pre Post-emergence with 1-3 months of soil
  activity
• Very little leaching forms a herbicide barrier
  in clay soils
• Apply before rainfall or shallowly incorporate
• Controls primarily grasses small seeded
  broadleaves
• Absorbed primarily by the roots and readily
  translocated via the xylem

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Herbicide Mode of Action Classification

• Mobile Photosynthetic Inhibitors
• Ureas
• Diuron Karmex or Diuron
• Uracils
• Terbacil Sinbar
• Pre and Post-emergence with 4-12 months of soil
  activity
• Controls broadleaves grasses
• Absorbed primarily through the roots translocated
  readily via the xylem
• Some foliar uptake
• 1-3 year established vineyards - consult label

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Herbicide Mode of Action Classification

• Mobile Photosynthetic Inhibitors
• Triazines
• Simazine Princep 3-year old vineyards
• Pre and Post-emergence with 2-6 months of soil
  activity
• Controls broadleaves grasses
• Absorbed primarily through the roots translocated
  readily via the xylem
• Some foliar uptake
• Avoid application on high pH soils above 6.8
• Half low rate

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Herbicide Mode of Action Classification

• Carotenoid Synthesis Inhibitors
• Pyridazinone
• Norflurazon Solicam 2-year old vineyards
• Pre-emergence with 1- 6 months of soil activity
• Controls grasses, sedges and many broadleaves
• Absorbed primarily through the roots translocated
  readily via the xylem
• Half low rate Dormant or in fall post harvest

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Herbicide Mode of Action Classification

• Cellulose Biosynthesis Inhibitor Acts Primarily
  at Actively Dividing Meristems Roots Tips
  Growing Points
• Benzonitrile
• Dichlobenil Casoron4G
• Pre-emergence with 2-6 months of soil activity
• Controls broadleaves grasses equally
• Very little leaching high vapor potential
• Apply before rainfall or shallowly incorporate
• Absorbed primarily through the roots translocated
  readily via the xylem rapid growth inhibition

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Herbicide Mode of Action Classification

• Cell Membrane Disrupters
• Diphenylethers
• Oxyflurofen Goal or Galigan
• or Fire Power
• N-Phenylphthalimides
• Flumioxazin Chataeu
• Pre Post-emergence with 1 month of soil
  activity or uptake.
• Controls broadleaves, assists in grass control
  preemergence.
• Contact herbicide Foliar with shoot some root
  uptake from the soil non mobile in plant.
• Use with a non-ionic surfactant (NIS).
• Dormant applications only.

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Herbicide Mode of Action Classification

• Lipid Synthesis Inhibitor
• Aryoxyphenoxy-Propianates
• Fluazifop-P-Butyl Fusilade Non-bearing
  vineyards
• Cyclohexandiones
• Sethoxydim Poast 50-day PHI
• Post-emergence with no soil activity or uptake
• Controls gasses only
• Primarily leaf uptake rapidly translocates to
  growing points
• Use with crop oil concentrate (COC)

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Herbicide Mode of Action Classification

• Enzyme Protoporphyrinogen Oxidase (PPO)
  Inhibitor Specifically Inhibits Acetyl-CoA
  Carboxylase a Key Enzyme for Fatty Acid and
  Flavonoid Biosynthesis
• Aryl Triazolinones
• Clethodim Select
• Post-emergence with no soil activity or uptake
• Controls grasses only
• Primarily leaf uptake rapidly translocates to
  growing points
• Use with crop oil concentrate (COC)
• Non-bearing vineyards only 1 year PHI

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Golden Leaf Farm Vineyard Establishment Year
2007 Jo-Ann Joe Ramano
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Thank YouAny Questions?

• Vineyard Weed Control Floor Management

David Myers Extension Educator