The American Vision

1
Section 1-4
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2
Section 1-5
Building Support for Imperialism

• Beginning in the 1880s, Americans wanted the US
  to become a world power. ?

• Caused by economic and military competition from
  other nations ?
• Imperialism

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3
Section 1-5
Building Support for Imperialism

• Many nations were expanding their power overseas.
  ?

• One reason was that factories depended on raw
  materials from all over the world.

(pages 520522)
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4
Section 1-6
Building Support for Imperialism
(cont.)

• To protect their investments, European nations
  exerted control over territories where they had
  capital and markets. ?

• Some areas became colonies while others became
  protectorates. ?

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5
Section 1-7
Building Support for Imperialism
(cont.)

• Local rulers listened to Europeans on how to
  govern their country. ?

• Americans wanted to develop overseas markets to
  keep the economy strong. ?
• Social Darwinists theory
• Americans used this to justify expanding their
  power .

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6
Section 1-8
Building Support for Imperialism
(cont.)

• Anglo-Saxonism,

• Josiah Strong linked Anglo-Saxonism to support
  imperialism.

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7
Section 1-11
Expansion in the Pacific

• Americans added markets in East Asia. ?

• Americans wanted to trade with China and Japan. ?
  
• Matthew C. Perry was ordered to travel to Japan
  to negotiate a trade treaty.

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8
Section 1-12
Expansion in the Pacific (cont.)

• Japan was impressed by US technology and power,
  and signed a treaty. ?

• By the 1890s, Japan had a powerful navy and was
  building an empire. ?
• During a recession in Hawaii, the US stopped the
  tariffs on Hawaiian sugar.

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9
Section 1-13
Expansion in the Pacific (cont.)

• the Senate then wanted Hawaii to give the US a
  naval base at Pearl Harbor. ?

• The trade treaty with Hawaii led to a boom in the
  sugar industry. ?
• The McKinley Tariff in 1890 caused the sale of
  Hawaiian sugar to decline. ?
• As a result, the Hawaiian economy also declined.

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10
Section 1-14
Expansion in the Pacific (cont.)

• Queen Liliuokalani disliked American interest in
  her country ?

• American planters and U.S. Marines, forced the
  queen out of power. ?
• The planters set up a government and asked the US
  to annex the islands.

(pages 522523)
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11
Section 1-17
Trade and Diplomacy in Latin America

• the US also wanted markets in Latin America. ?

• The US wanted Europeans to realize that we were
  powerful.

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12
Section 1-18
Trade and Diplomacy in Latin America (cont.)

• Secretary of State James G. Blaine created the
  idea of Pan-Americanism. ?

• In 1889 the first Pan-American conference was
  held in Washington, D.C.

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13
Section 1-19
Trade and Diplomacy in Latin America (cont.)

• A customs union and a system for nations to work
  out their disputes peacefully was created. ?

• Latin Americans rejected both ideas. ?
• Latin Americans agreed to create the Organization
  of American States

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14
Section 1-22
Building a Modern Navy

• Americans were willing to risk war for their
  Economic interests. ?

• Captain Alfred T. Mahan wrote the book The
  Influence of Seapower Upon History, to support
  this cause

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15
Section 1-23
Building a Modern Navy (cont.)

• The book suggested that a nation needed a large
  navy for protection

• Henry Cabot Lodge and Albert J. Beveridge,
  supported this idea. ?
• War broke out with Spain immediately after!!!

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16
Section 2-4
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17
Section 2-5
The Coming of War

• Cuba gave Spain with sugarcane. ?

• In 1868 Cuban rebels began a guerrilla attack
  that failed and asked the US for help.
  
  
  
  
  
  
  ?
• José Martí, an exiled leader of Cubas
  revolution, fled to New York City.

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18
Section 2-6
The Coming of War (cont.)

• Marti raised money from Americans and began a new
  Cuban invasion.

• They set up the Republic of Cuba in September
  1895.

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19
Section 2-7
The Coming of War (cont.)

• At the start of the revolution, Americans were
  neutral. ?

• But after reports by William Randolph Hearst and
  Joseph Pulitzer, Americans began to side with the
  rebels. ?
• The newspapers began to use yellow journalism

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20
Section 2-8
The Coming of War (cont.)

• The Cuban rebels attacked and destroyed American
  property. ?

• The Spanish caused the deaths of tens of
  thousands of Cubans by sending them to
  reconcentration camps. ?
• This led Americans to call for intervention in
  the war.

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21
Section 2-10
The Coming of War (cont.)

• In February 1898, the U.S.S. Maine, anchored in
  Havana, Cuba exploded. ?

• No one knows why the ship exploded, but Americans
  blamed Spain. ?
• President William McKinley did not get involved

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22
Section 2-11
The Coming of War (cont.)

• Jingoism was very strong in McKinleys party. ?

• In 1898, McKinley authorized Congress to declare
  war on Spain.

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23
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24
Section 2-14
A War on Two Fronts

• The United States Navy blockaded Cuba. ?

• An American fleet in British Hong Kong attacked
  the Spanish fleet in the Philippines. ?
• Commodore George Dewey destroyed Spanish warships
  in Manila Bay in the Philippines.

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25
Section 2-15
A War on Two Fronts (cont.)

• McKinley sent 20,000 American troops to the
  Philippines and Guam. ?

• The American army was untrained and unequipped
  more died in training then in battle. ?

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26
Section 2-16
A War on Two Fronts (cont.)

• American troops advanced toward Santiago Harbor
  in Cuba. ?

• Rough Riders led by Colonel Leonard Wood, with
  Theodore Roosevelt as second in command. ?

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27
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Section 2-17
A War on Two Fronts (cont.)

• Along with the Rough Riders were the 9th and 10th
  Cavalry Regiments. ?

• In1898, Spain and the United States agreed to a
  cease-fire.

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29
Section 2-19
An American Empire is Born

• Americans annexed the Philippines for 20 million

• In 1898, the United States and Spain signed the
  Treaty of Paris. ?
• Cuba became an independent country.

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30
Section 2-20
An American Empire is Born (cont.)
?

• Controlling its new empire was not easy for the
  United States. ?
• American soldiers were attacked in the
  Philippines.

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31
Section 2-21
An American Empire is Born (cont.)

• General MacArthur moved Filipinos into special
  areas causing many to die. ?

• reforms in education, transportation, and health
  care won over the Filipino people. ?

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32
Section 2-22
An American Empire is Born (cont.)

• By 1902, all Filipino attacks stopped. ?

• In 1946 the United States granted independence to
  the Philippines. ?
• The Foraker Act, made Puerto Rico a territory of
  the US. ?
• In 1917 Puerto Ricans were made citizens of the
  United States.

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33
Section 2-23
An American Empire is Born (cont.)

• U.S. makes a military government in Cuba. ?
• Platt Amendment Cuba would remain tied to the
  United States.

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34
Section 2-25
An American Empire is Born (cont.)

• Cuba reluctantly accepted the Amendment. ?

• It was repealed in 1934.

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35
Section 3-4
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36
Section 3-5
Theodore Roosevelts Rise to Power

• 1900 election, President McKinley defeated
  William Jennings Bryan. ?

• President McKinley, was assassinated. ?
• Theodore Roosevelt, McKinleys VP became the
  youngest president.

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37
Section 3-6
Theodore Roosevelts Rise to Power
(cont.)

• ?

• Roosevelt wanted the United States to become a
  world power.

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38
Section 3-8
American Diplomacy in Asia

• In 1899 the US was a major power and exports to
  China grew. ?

• ?
• In 1894 war began between China and Japan over
  Korea. ? ?
• In the peace treaty, China gave Korea
  independence and Japan got Manchuria.

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39
Section 3-9
American Diplomacy in Asia (cont.)

• The war showed that China was weak and Japan had
  adopted US technology. ?

• Japans rising power worried Russia. ?
• Russia made Japan give back the part of Manchuria
  to China and made China lease the territory to
  Russia. ?

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40
Section 3-10
American Diplomacy in Asia (cont.)

• ?

• President McKinley supported an Open Door policy
  in China. ?
• All countries should be allowed to trade with
  China.

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41
Section 3-11
American Diplomacy in Asia (cont.)

• China was asked to keep ports open to all
  nations. ?

• Secret Chinese societies were organized to end
  foreign control. ?
• Members of the Boxers started the Boxer Rebellion.

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42
Section 3-12
American Diplomacy in Asia (cont.)

• The Boxers invaded foreign embassies in Beijing
  and killed more than 200 foreigners. ?

• An international force stopped the rebellion in
  August 1900. ?

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43
Section 3-13
American Diplomacy in Asia (cont.)

• Relations between the US and Japan worsened. ?

• They agreed to
• respect each others territories,
• uphold the Open Door policy
• support Chinas independence.

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44
Section 3-14
American Diplomacy in Asia (cont.)

• Great White Fleet, 16 battleships sent around the
  world to show the countrys military strength. ?

• Visiting Japan did not help the tension.

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45
Section 3-16
A Growing Presence in the Caribbean

• In 1901 the Hay-Pauncefote Treaty was signed by
  the U.S. and Great Britain.

• A French company offered to sell its rights and
  property in Panama to the United States.

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46
Section 3-17
A Growing Presence in the Caribbean (cont.)

• In 1903 Panama was still a part of Colombia.?

• Panamanians declared independence from Colombia
  and make a deal with the US. ?
• An uprising against Colombia was supported by the
  US.

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47
Section 3-18
A Growing Presence in the Caribbean (cont.)

• The United States and Panama signed a treaty to
  have the canal built. ?

• Construction of the 50-mile canal took ten years.
  ?
• It shortened the distance from the Atlantic to
  the Pacific Ocean by about 8,000 nautical miles.

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49
Section 3-19
A Growing Presence in the Caribbean (cont.)

• The 1904 Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe
  Doctrine stated that the United States would
  intervene in Latin American affairs when
  necessary to maintain economic and political
  stability in the Western Hemisphere. ?

• The corollary was first applied to the Dominican
  Republic when it fell behind in its debt payments
  to European nations. ?
• Latin American nations resented the growing
  American influence.

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50
Section 3-20
A Growing Presence in the Caribbean (cont.)

• The new president of the United States, William
  Howard Taft, continued Roosevelts policies. ?

• He believed that if American business leaders
  supported Latin America and Asian development,
  everyone would benefit. ?
• His policy came to be called dollar diplomacy.

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51
Chapter Summary 1
52
Moment in History 2
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53
M/C 1-1
54
M/C 2-1a
55
M/C 2-1b
56
M/C 3-1
57
M/C 3-2
58
Daily Focus Skills Transparency 3
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