The Private Pilot

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The Private Pilot
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• Class 6 - Aeromedical Factors, Aeronautical
  Decision Making.

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Objective To review the go/no-go
decision-making process from the inside out,
starting with the self.
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Self Assessment

• Do you feel like you have to fly?
• Get Thereitis
• Do you really feel like you want to fly?

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Risk Management Pilot Self Assessment
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Environmental and Health Factors Affecting Pilot
Performance

• Drugs Bad
• Alcohol Bad
• Sick Bad

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• Drugs FAR 91.17 (b)
• Except in an emergency, no pilot of a civil
  aircraft may allow a person who appears to be
  intoxicated or who demonstrates by manner or
  physical indications that the individual is under
  the influence of drugs (except a medical patient
  under proper care) to be carried in that
  aircraft.

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• More Drugs 91.19 Carriage of narcotic drugs,
  marihuana, and depressant or stimulant drugs or
  substances.
• (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this
  section, no person may operate a civil aircraft
  within the United States with knowledge that
  narcotic drugs, marihuana, and depressant or
  stimulant drugs or substances as defined in
  Federal or State statutes are carried in the
  aircraft.
• (b) Paragraph (a) of this section does not apply
  to any carriage of narcotic drugs, marihuana, and
  depressant or stimulant drugs or substances
  authorized by or under any Federal or State
  statute or by any Federal or State agency.

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• Alcohol 91.17 Alcohol or drugs.
• (a) No person may act or attempt to act as a
  crewmember of a civil aircraft(1) Within 8 hours
  after the consumption of any alcoholic
  beverage(2) While under the influence of
  alcohol
• (3) While using any drug that affects the
  person's faculties in any way contrary to safety
  or
• (4) While having an alcohol concentration of 0.04
  or greater in a blood or breath specimen. Alcohol
  concentration means grams of alcohol per
  deciliter of blood or grams of alcohol per 210
  liters of breath.

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• Alcohol67.307 mental
• (4) Substance dependence, except where there is
  established clinical evidence, satisfactory to
  the Federal Air Surgeon, of recovery, including
  sustained total abstinence from the substance(s)
  for not less than the preceding 2 years. As used
  in this section

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• Alcohol67.307 mental
• (4) (i) Substance includes alcohol other
  sedatives and hypnotics anxiolytics opioids
  central nervous system stimulants such as
  cocaine, amphetamines, and similarly acting
  sympathomimetics hallucinogens phencyclidine or
  similarly acting arylcyclohexylamines cannabis
  inhalants and other psychoactive drugs and
  chemicals and

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• Alcohol67.307 mental
• (4) (ii) Substance dependence means a
  condition in which a person is dependent on a
  substance, other than tobacco or ordinary
  xanthine-containing (e.g., caffeine) beverages,
  as evidenced by
• (A) Increased tolerance
• (B) Manifestation of withdrawal symptoms
• (C) Impaired control of use or
• (D) Continued use despite damage to physical
  health or impairment of social, personal, or
  occupational functioning.

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• Alcohol67.307 mental
• (4) (b) No substance abuse within the preceding
  2 years defined as
• (1) Use of a substance in a situation in which
  that use was physically hazardous, if there has
  been at any other time an instance of the use of
  a substance also in a situation in which that use
  was physically hazardous
• (2) A verified positive drug test result, an
  alcohol test result of 0.04 or greater alcohol
  concentration, or a refusal to submit to a drug
  or alcohol test required by the U.S. Department
  of Transportation or an agency of the U.S.
  Department of Transportation or
• (3) Misuse of a substance(iho of Uncle FAA)

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• How soon after the conviction for driving while
  intoxicated by alcohol or drugs shall it be
  reported to the FAA, Civil Aviation Security
  Division?
• A) No later than 60 days after the motor vehicle
  action.
• B) No later than 30 working days after the motor
  vehicle action. C) Required to be reported upon
  renewal of medical certificate.

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• No person may attempt to act as a crewmember of a
  civil aircraft with
• .008 percent by weight or more alcohol in the
  blood.
• .004 percent by weight or more alcohol in the
  blood.
• .04 percent by weight or more alcohol in the
  blood.

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• Under what condition, if any, may a pilot allow a
  person who is obviously under the influence of
  drugs to be carried aboard an aircraft?
• In an emergency or if the person is a medical
  patient under proper care.
• Only if the person does not have access to the
  cockpit or pilot's compartment.
• Under no condition.

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• A person may not act as a crewmember of a civil
  aircraft if alcoholic beverages have been
  consumed by that person within the preceding
• 8 hours.
• 12 hours.
• 24 hours.

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Spatial Disorientation
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• The danger of spatial disorientation during
  flight in poor visual conditions may be reduced
  by
• shifting the eyes quickly between the exterior
  visual field and the instrument panel.
• having faith in the instruments rather than
  taking a chance on the sensory organs.
• leaning the body in the opposite direction of the
  motion of the aircraft.

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• If a pilot experiences spatial disorientation
  during flight in a restricted visibility
  condition, the best way to overcome the effect
  is to
• rely upon the aircraft instrument indications.
• concentrate on yaw, pitch, and roll sensations.
• consciously slow the breathing rate until
  symptoms clear and then resume normal breathing
  rate.

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• Pilots are more subject to spatial disorientation
  if
• they ignore the sensations of muscles and inner
  ear.
• body signals are used to interpret flight
  attitude.
• eyes are moved often in the process of
  cross-checking the flight instruments.

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• The danger of spatial disorientation during
  flight in poor visual conditions may be reduced
  by
• shifting the eyes quickly between the exterior
  visual field and the instrument panel.
• having faith in the instruments rather than
  taking a chance on the sensory organs.
• leaning the body in the opposite direction of the
  motion of the aircraft.

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• What effect does haze have on the ability to see
  traffic or terrain features during flight?
• Haze causes the eyes to focus at infinity.
• The eyes tend to overwork in haze and do not
  detect relative movement easily.
• All traffic or terrain features appear to be
  farther away than their actual distance

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Vision in Flight Situational Awareness
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• Prior to starting each maneuver, pilots should
• check altitude, airspeed, and heading
  indications.
• visually scan the entire area for collision
  avoidance.
• announce their intentions on the nearest CTAF.

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• The most effective method of scanning for other
  aircraft for collision avoidance during daylight
  hours is to use
• regularly spaced concentration on the 3-, 9-, and
  12-o'clock positions.
• a series of short, regularly spaced eye movements
  to search each 10-degree sector.
• peripheral vision by scanning small sectors and
  utilizing off-center viewing

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• Which technique should a pilot use to scan for
  traffic to the right and left during
  straight-and-level flight?
• Systematically focus on different segments of the
  sky for short intervals.
• Concentrate on relative movement detected in the
  peripheral vision area.
• Continuous sweeping of the windshield from right
  to left.

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• What is the most effective way to use the eyes
  during night flight?
• Look only at far away, dim lights.
• Scan slowly to permit offcenter viewing.
• Concentrate directly on each object for a few
  seconds.

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• The most effective method of scanning for other
  aircraft for collision avoidance during nighttime
  hours is to use
• regularly spaced concentration on the 3-, 9-, and
  12-o'clock positions.
• a series of short, regularly spaced eye movements
  to search each 30-degree sector.
• peripheral vision by scanning small sectors and
  utilizing off-center viewing.

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• What procedure is recommended when climbing or
  descending VFR on an airway?
• Execute gentle banks, left and right for
  continuous visual scanning of the airspace.
• Advise the nearest FSS of the altitude changes.
• Fly away from the centerline of the airway before
  changing altitude.

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Crew Resource Management

• All Available Resources

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• Rapid or extra deep breathing while using oxygen
  can cause a condition known as
• hyperventilation.
• Which statement best defines hypoxia?
• A) A state of oxygen deficiency in the body.

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Assignment

• Take Another Kips Test!
• HAK Chapters 11 14