APPLICATIONS OF NMR IN MEDICINE

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NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY
-an ideal tool for Diagnosis Drug Design
B. HASEENA BANU Asst.Professor,SriPadmavathi
School of Pharmacy,Tiruchanoor,Tirupati
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CONTENTS

• INTRODUCTION
• BASIC PRINCIPLE
• DIFFERENT TECHNIQUES
• APPLICATIONS OF NMR IN MEDICINE
• CLINICAL APPLICATIONS IN DIAGNOSIS
• DRUG DEVELOPMENT
• NMR Nobel prize laureates

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INTRODUCTION

• BASIC PRINCIPLE IN NMR
• Atomic nuclei tiny magnets
• In external magnetic field - allign or oppose
• If irradiated with EMR of proper frequency
  Resonance
• v a ßo
• PARAMETERS
• Chemical shifts
• Spin lattice relaxation time

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DIFFERENT TECHNIQUES

• Based on nuclei
• H1 NMR
• C13 NMR
• F13 NMR P31 NMR
• N15 NMR O17 NMR
• CWNMR
• FTNMR
• 2D_NMR 3D_NMR
• COSY _CORRELATION SPECTROSCOPY
• MRI_MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
• ESR_ELECTRON SPIN RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY

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APPLICATIONS OF NMR IN MEDICINE

• CLINICAL APPLICATION OF PROTON IMAGING IN
  DIAGNOSIS
• BRAIN
• Distinguishing gray matter white matter
• Imaging posterior fossae, brain stem, spinal
  cord
• Detect demyelinating lesions, tumors,
  hemorrhages, infarctions

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• ABDOMEN
• Metabolic liver disease
• Measures liver iron over load in hemochromatosis
• Focal areas of inflammation in chronic active
  hepatisis
• KIDNEYS
• Distinguishing renal cortex medulla
• To evaluate transplanted kidney
• PELVIS
• Differentiates between Benign prostatic
  hyperplasia prostatic carcinoma
• Detects bladder tumours

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• MEDIASTINUM, HILUM, LUNG
• Assessing abnormalities
• Respiratory gating
• HEART
• Tomographic images of heart muscle, chambers,
  valvular structures
• ECHO-PLANAR TECHNIQUE
• Discrimination between infarcted, ischemic
  normal myocardium
• BREAST
• 3D-NMR single-slice planar imaging in detecting
  breast abnormalities

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• MUSCULO SKELETAL SYSTEM
• Demonstrates Osteo myelitis, tumor metastasis
  in vertebral bodies pelvic bones
• Images of muscles, tendons, ligaments
• BLOOD VESSELS FLOW
• Atherosclerotic vascular disease
• Assess blood flow in major vessels.
• INVIVO SPECTROSCOPY
• Chemical shift phenomenon
• Diagnosis of rare disease to inborn errors- Mc
  Ardles syndrome
• INVIVO Analysis of Bone flouride content.

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PUTTING NMR IMAGING INTO PERSPECTIVE

• Eliminates risk of x-radiation
• Excellent spatial contrast resolution
• Detecting diseases at earlier stages

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NMR IN PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH

• Leading technology for 3-D structure
  determination of bio-macromolecules
• Studying protein structure
• SAR by NMR Novel lead compounds
• Chemical shift mapping Structural information
  on the binding modes and site positions
• Molecular dynamics, conformational analysis
• SHAPES
• NMR SOLVE

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• Structural genomics
• Identifying gene products in disease
• Targets of drug design.
• Development of Novel drug delivery systems
• Enhancing HTS assays
• Thousands of compounds
• Cryogenic NMR technology / cryoprobes

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NMR Nobel Prize Laureates

• The Nobel Prize in Physics 1943, Ohostern, USA
  Discovery of magnetic moment of proton
• The Nobel Prizein Physics 1952- IsidorJ. Rafi,USA
  Discovery of new methods for nuclear magnetic
  precision
• The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1991 Felix Bloch,
  USA and Edward M. Purcell, USA Methodology of
  high resolution NMR.
• The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2002 Kurt
  Wuthrich, Switzerland Determining 3-D Structure
  by NMR.
• The Nobel Prize in Medicine 2003 Paul C.
  Lauterbur, USA and Peter Mans field, U.K.
  Discoveries concerning MRI.

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THANKING YOU