Class 33: After Vatican II

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Class 33 After Vatican II

• Ann T. Orlando
• 12 April 2006

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Introduction

• After Vatican II
• Paul VI
• Sexual Ethics
• Liberation Theology
• John Paul II
• Benedict XVI

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Pope Paul VI (1963-1978)

• Closed Vatican II
• First Pope to travel extensively
• Building bridges to Orthodox faith
• Kiss of peace in Jerusalem with Patriarch
• Lifted mutual excommunications of 1054
• Humane Vitae

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Humanae Vitae, 1968

• Pope Paul Vi rejects advice of commission
  established by John XXIII to investigate
  artificial birth control
• Declares Church opposition to artificial birth
  control
• Church has the duty and right to apply the
  natural moral law
• Especially the Pope
• Arguments against birth control are based on
  Natural Law and Gods design of creation
• Not arguments that carry much weight
  post-Enlightenment

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Liberation Theology

• Two forces to driving development
• Christian theological response to Holocaust
• Latin American theology in opposition to
  traditional Christian theology opposed to
  developmentalism that is political change from
  within existing political institutions
• Theodicy
• In both cases, theology in response to political
  and social circumstances
• In both cases calls into question applicability
  of traditional Christian theology

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European Political Theology

• Johann Metz (1928 - )
• Student of Rahner
• Political theology as fundamental necessary to
  counter Enlightenment
• Opposed to bourgeois religion Church must
  identify itself with suffering, especially in
  Third World
• Must remember the suffering of holocaust
• Jurgen Moltmann (1926 - )
• God is experienced in suffering
• God is with us when we suffer
• God suffers
• Emphasis on human freedom in how we handle
  suffering

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Latin American Liberation Theology

• Gustavo Gutierrez (1928- )
• Radical political change tied theologically to
  realized eschatology
• Jesus mission in world to bring kingdom of God
  justifies radical politics
• Church as sacrament in world realized kingdom of
  God
• Juan Segundo (1925-1997)
• Traditional Christian faith too intertwined with
  Western civilization
• Faith as an ideology
• Liberation of theology from Western norms
• Return to Scripture, without deformations of
  Western philosophy

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John Paul II (1978-2005)

• Do you remember how stunned you were that a
  Polish Cardinal had been elected??????
• Non-Italian
• Cold War
• Most traveled Pope in history
• First Encyclical, Redemptor Hominis, 1979
• Looks forward to 2000
• Modern man is afraid of his own achievements
  progress or threat?
• Principle of solidarity applied as moral
  principle to economic progress

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Veritatis Splendor, 1993

• Meditation on Mt 1916, Teacher, what good must
  I do to have eternal life?
• Science and Technology do not free man from
  search for truth about himself and God
• That search has a moral component that touches
  every aspect of human life
• Magisterium is crucial to properly forming
  individual conscious
• Natural law is valid, permanent, universal
• Moral law is part of truth about man
• Genuine freedom is found in our image and
  likeness to God
• Freedom is dependent upon truth

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The End of the Life of John Paul II

• Do you remember how one year ago the entire world
  was fixated for two weeks on John Paul IIs death
  and burial?
• Can you explain the 24x7 media coverage?
• In terms of citations world-wide covering a 2
  week period bigger story than 9/11

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Benedict XVI

• Much more Augustinian than Thomistic
• Reality of sin
• Mans ability alone cannot save him
• Theology of Cross rather than Incarnation
• Concerns about VII
• Peritus at VII
• Does not sufficiently criticize Enlightenment
• Seems to encourage Church to accommodate herself
  to Enlightenment
• Although has issues with liberation theology
  agrees with some of their criticisms of
  contemporary Western culture
• Relationship between relativism and democracy
• Democracy should be based on natural law and
  human dignity not on notion that every ones
  opinion is equally valid
• Christian faith opposed to relativism
• Only the truth makes us free.
• What is the Church? Kasper-Ratzinger debate
• All that having been said
• DCE released on Christmas Day
• All about Love

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One Girls View A Reflection from Aquinas
Applied to Contemporary Situation

• Aquinas was worried about Dead Faith meaning
  everyone believed (or said they did), but very
  few acted with charity. This, according to
  Aquinas was faith that was dead and not a virtue
  IIa IIae Q4 a4
• I think the problem now is Dead Love many
  people say they are peaceful loving caring people
  but try to do this without the truth of faith.
  This is love that is dead and not a virtue
• Relation between Church and Individual Catholic
• Radical individualism, subjectivism, relativism
• Need to understand what it means to form
  conscience
• Pascal was right many people live in present
  moment without considering end of life
• Relation between Church and Society
• Proper model for Church in world
• Religious pluralism
• Ethical use of science
• Ethics in law what is basis of justice?
• Reduced image of Church, especially hierarchy, in
  North America and Europe

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Assignments

• Deus Caritas Est, http//www.vatican.va/holy_fathe
  r/benedict_xvi/encyclicals/documents/hf_ben-xvi_en
  c_20051225_deus-caritas-est_en.html
• Kasper-Ratzinger debate in America Magazine, 2001
• http//www.americamagazine.org/gettext.cfm?textID
  1569articleTypeID1issueID333
• http//www.americamagazine.org/gettext.cfm?article
  TypeID1textID1250issueID351

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Quiz Review Quiz Structure

• Wednesday, May 3 at 900 am
• Similar format as midterm
• Closed book, closed notes
• Matching people and events with descriptions (25
  pts)
• Definitions (25 pts)
• Match quotes from readings to authors (25 pts)
• Two Essays (25 pts)

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Definitions One or Two Sentence Definitions of
Following (25 free points)

• Epistemology
• Natural Law
• Papal infallibility
• Rerum Novarum
• Romanticism

• Enlightenment
• Theodicy
• Theory of Evolution
• Kulturkampf
• Relativism

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Quotes

• Will not be tricky
• Five quotes, 8 authors
• If you were paying attention during class and
  discussions, this should not be hard
• Do not feel like you must go back and carefully
  re-read everything
• What were some of the most important things we
  read?
• John Locke, Letter on Toleration
• Thomas Jefferson, Letter to Danbury Baptist
  Society
• St. Just, Republican Institute
• Chateaubriand, Genius of Christianity
• Pius IX, Syllabus of Errors
• Leo XIII, Rerum Novarum
• Guardini, Spirit of Liturgy
• Benedict XVI, Deus Caritas Est

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Quiz Essay Questions

• Another Free 25 Points be prepared to respond to
  these two questions
• Pick one Pius IX, Leo XIII, Pius X, Benedict XV,
  Pius XI, Pius XII, John XXIII, Paul VI, John Paul
  II. Describe their historical circumstances and
  how they reacted to them.
• Describe how the relation between Church and
  State has evolved since 1600
• Answers must be very specific, with many names,
  places, and thought as to how they relate.