Announcements

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Announcements Urban Forestry project
continues!!! Discussion on reading.
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Reading Natural shattering of seed in
rice. Genes of large effect vs. many genes of
small effect QTL analysis what is
it? Crossing studies Regulation of
abscission very important to plants
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Conservation Biology
What do you think are the most important
questions? How can the many challenges we face
be resolved?
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Plant diversity Will start following the book
much more closely. Would be useful to bring your
books to class. Chapter 7 for today's lecture
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Evolution of plant diversity Endosymbiosis has
evolved several times, including several separate
events creating 'chloroplasts' Figure
7.1 Figure 7.2
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• Algae
• Red Algae (Rhodopytes)
• Brown Algae (Phaeophytes)
• Diatoms (Bacillariophytes)
• Dinoflagellates
• Chlorophytes
• Chara

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Red Algae
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Red Algae Typically in deep water Often
'crustose' Quite poorly known with very
complicated life cycles
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Brown Algae
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Brown Algae Kelp forests 'Plant-like' growth
forms Middle depth and often have organs that
allow them to float.
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Diatoms
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Diatoms Abundant and diverse in both marine and
freshwater environments Must go through sexual
reproduction to restore size because of
morphology. Diatomaceous earth an effective
way to get rid of a flea infestation.
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Dinoflagellates
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Dinoflagellates Unique morphology with two
flagellae located in grooves. Form important
symbioses with reefs, sponges, and squids
zooxanthellae. Diatomaceous earth an effective
way to get rid of a flea infestation.
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Chara - muskgrass A likely ancestor of all
land plants
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Algae as biofuels.
Many of the major players in the energy industry
are moving away from this idea though. Craig
Venter has a team working on it.
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Evolution of plant diversity Figure
7.6 Invasion of land Bryophytes? Liverworts,
Hornworts, and Mosses
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Liverworts
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Liverworts - Marchantia
Thallus flattened body
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Hornworts
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Hornworts
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Evolution of plant diversity Figure
7.8 Tracheophytes Lycophytes Monilophytes
Psilotum, Ophioglossus, Equisetum
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Algaophyton
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Lycophytes Lepidodendron
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Lycophytes - Selaginella
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Lycophytes - Lycopodium
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Equisetum