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Jean Jacques Rousseau (1712-1778)
http//timpanogos.wordpress.com
The world of reality has limits the world of
imagination is boundless. Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Elizabeth Silvy
http//huntbot.andrew.cmu.edu
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Biography

• Jean-Jacques Rousseau was born to Isaac Rousseau
  and Suzanne Bernard in Geneva on June 28, 1712.
• His mother died only a few days later on July 7,
  and his only sibling, an older brother, ran away
  from home when Rousseau was still a child.

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Biography (cont)

• Rousseau was therefore brought up mainly by his
  father, a watchmaker, with whom at an early age
  he read ancient Greek and Roman literature such
  as the Lives of Plutarch.

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Biography (cont)

• When Rousseau was 10, his father had an
  altercation with an army officer and fled Geneva
  to avoid imprisonment, thus ending their close
  relationship. Rousseau was then placed in the
  care of his uncle, Gabriel Bernard, and received
  a conventional primary education. Historical
  Context of Rousseaus

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Biography (cont)

• Rousseau went to Chambery, in Savoy, where he
  lived with his paramour, a wealthy window, Madame
  de Waren, she was instrumental in his conversion
  to Catholicism. In 1739, he took a position as a
  tutor to the two sons of M. de Mably. His
  experience as a tutor stimulated him to write his
  first treatise on education, the Project of the
  Education of M. de Sainte-Marie.

http//www.rousseauassociation.org/images/mama.GIF
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Biography (cont)

• In 1741 Rousseau began a love affair with Therese
  Levasseur, and illiterate servant. The couple had
  five children, all of whom were placed in
  foundling homes shortly after their births. She
  later became his common-law wife.

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Biography (cont)

• On July 2, 1778, Rousseau died of uremia at
  Ermenoville, some 30 miles from Paris. He was
  buried on the Girardin estate. On October 11,
  1794, his remains were transferred to the
  Pantheon in Paris.

http//www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?pagegrG
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Historical Context

• Rousseaus life coincided with the century of
  Western history as the Enlightenment.
• He helped to break down some of the inherited
  beliefs and introduce new ideas that would shape
  the future.
• One of the major trends of the Enlightenment was
  a new way of thinking about nature and the human
  being in a natural universe.

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Historical Context (cont)

• For many of the thinkers of the Enlightenment,
  including Rousseau, it was important that human
  beings stop gazing upward to heaven and begin to
  look at the natural world about them.
• The Enlightenment held great importance for the
  future course of education. The emphasis on
  mature turned the interests of Enlightenment
  educators to the study of human mature as a means
  of establishing the content and method of
  education.

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Rousseau and education
Rousseau was the most controversial and
paradoxical of the writers of the Enlightenment.
He published important works on politics, music,
and, education. He also wrote one of the most
widely read novels of the century, Julie or the
New Heloise. Although an advocate of new
educational practices that emphasized the natural
development of childrens abilities, Rousseau put
all his own children in a foundling home because
he could not support them.
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Rousseau and education (cont)

•   In his book Emile, Rousseau proposes his
  revolutionary educational idea that education
  should conform to the natural development of
  human beings. What distinguishes Rousseaus
  educational theory radically from his
  predecessors is his belief in the innate goodness
  of human beings everything is good as it leaves
  the hands of the Author of things, and there is
  no original perversity in the human heart (P37,
  P92).

www.rousseauassociation.org/.../images.htm
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Rousseau and education (cont)

• In Emile, he gave most of his attention to
  the education of boys. His section on the
  education of girls, centered on the character of
  Sophie, proved to be one of his most
  controversial writings it underlined the
  importance of mothers in educating their
  children, but encouraged teaching girls to be
  entirely subordinate and dependent on their
  husbands. Rousseaus book provoked responses from
  women and men well into the 1800s

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Rousseau and education (cont)

• Rousseau divides the education of childhood into
  three phases according to the natural development
  of children
• from birth till the end of infancy is the first
  phase
• from the end of infancy until children are 12
  years old is the second
• and the third period is from 12 years old to 15
  years old.

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Conclusion

• Rousseau was a far-ranging but undisciplined
  theorist who was sometimes inconsistent and
  contradictory in his writing.
• In terms of education that Rousseaus work,
  particularly Emile, have had their greatest
  effect. He argued that childhood was a necessary
  and desirable stage in the human life span.
  Indeed, childhood experiences often pointed the
  way to adult behavior, ethics and values.

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Conclusion (cont)

• Rousseau was an iconoclast, a breaker of customs,
  conventions, and traditions. He was a quarrelsome
  person and a erratic and inconsistent theorist.
  He advocated child love and permissiveness but
  placed his own children in orphanages.
  Nevertheless, Rousseau earned a place among the
  great theorists and educators of the western
  world. His books are still read today and his
  influence has extended into our times.

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Rousseau Publications

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Rousseau Quotes

• Happiness a good bank account, a good cook and
  a good digestion.
• "It is in man's heart that the life of nature's
  spectacle exists to see it, one must feel it."
• The person who has lived the most is not the one
  with the most years but the one with the richest
  experiences.
• We are born weak, we need strength helpless we
  need aid foolish we need reason. All that we
  lack at birth, all that we need when we come to
  man's estate, is the gift of education.

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Bibliography

• Gutek, G. (2005) Historical and philosophical
  foundations of education a biographical
  introduction. 4th ed. Loyola University Chicago.
• http//www.radicalacademy.com/philenlightenment.ht
  m
• http//www.historyguide.org/europe/rousseau.html

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Bibliography (cont)

• http//www.lucidcafe.com/library/96jun/rousseau.ht
  ml
• http//www.iep.utm.edu/r/rousseau.htm
• http//www.wsu.edu/dee/ENLIGHT/ROUSSEAU.HTM
• http//www.infed.org/thinkers/et-rous.htm
• http//www.philosophypages.com/ph/rous.htm