El Subjuntivo: introducci

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El Subjuntivo introducción

• Enfoques lección 5

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In Spanish, there are 2 moods INDICATIVE and
SUBJUNCTIVE
THEBIGPICTURE
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INDICATIVE is the mood of all the verb tenses
youve ever learned

• present tense (example llevo)
• preterite tense (example llevé)
• imperfect tense (example llevaba)
• the perfect tenses (example he llevado,
• 
  había llevado)
• future tense (example llevaré)
• conditional tense (example llevaría)

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SUBJUNCTIVE is the other mood. It has several
uses, some of which are

• doubt or denial of an action
• speculation about a future action
• willing something to happen
• influencing an actions outcome
• expressing emotion about an action
• indicating a nonexistent or nonspecific item

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WHICH USE DIDWE LEARN ABOUTIN THE SONG
YESTERDAY?
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Que mis ojos se despiertenQue mi madre no se
muera y que mi padre me recuerdey quesea de
vosy que de tu voz sea este corazón
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Thats right, willing something to happen. (in
this case asking God, may all of this happen)
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ALMOST ALWAYS in order to use subjunctive, you
must have an expression that signals its use.

• Examples (traduzcan)
• Quiero que Ana baile conmigo.
• I want that Ana dance with me.
• Es dudoso que Juan trabaje en Kohls.
• It is doubtful that Juan works in Kohls.
• Siento que tú estés enferma.
• Im sorry that you are sick.

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Common verbs of will and influence

• aconsejar to advise
• desear to desire
• exigir (j) to demand
• gustar to be pleasing
• hacer to do, make
• importar to matter
• insistir en to insist
• mandar to order
• necesitar to need

• oponerse a to oppose
• pedir (i) to ask for, request
• preferir (ie) to prefer
• prohibir to prohibit
• proponer to propose
• querer (ie) to want, wish
• recomendar (ie) to recommend
• rogar (ue) to beg, plead
• sugerir (ie) to suggest

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verb signaling QUE verb in
subjunctive subjunctive

• Examples
• La maestra manda QUE hagamos la tarea.
• The teacher demands that we do the homework.
• Me gusta QUE tú llegues temprano.
• I like you to arrive early.
• A Dios le pido QUE haya mucha nieve mañana.
• I ask God that there be a lot of snow tomorrow.

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Common verbs/expressions of emotion

• gustar to be pleasing
• molestar to bother
• sentir (ie) to be sorry
• sorprender to surprise
• temer to fear
• tener miedo de to be afraid

• alegrarse de to be happy
• es extraño its strange
• es ridículo its ridiculous
• es terrible its terrible
• es una pena its a pity
• esperar to hope, wish

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verb signaling QUE verb in
subjunctive subjunctive

• Examples (traduzcan)
• Es una pena QUE no haya nevado nada.
• Its a pity that it hasnt snowed at all.
• Es ridículo QUE ellos coman pescado con
  helado.
• Its ridiculous that they eat fish with
  ice-cream.
• Me alegro de QUE haya pizza para la cena.
• Im glad that theres pizza for dinner.

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Common verbs/expressions of doubt/denial

• es improbable its unlikely
• es poco seguro its uncertain
• es posible its possible
• no es posible its not possible
• es probable its likely
• no es probable its not likely

• dudar to doubt
• negar (ie) to deny
• no creer to not believe
• no es verdad its not true
• no estar seguro de to not be sure of
• es imposible its impossible

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verb signaling QUE verb in
subjunctive subjunctive

• Examples (traduzcan)
• Es dudoso QUE vayan a correr 15 millas.
• Its doubtful that they are going to run 15
  miles.
• Es posible QUE haya una prueba mañana.
• Its possible that there is a quiz tomorrow.
• Niegas QUE sus notas sean malas.
• They deny that their grades are bad.

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Now that you know when to use it, have you
figured out how to FORM subjunctive?

• To form present subjunctive
• Take the YO form of the present tense
• Drop the O
• Add the opposite ending (for AR -gt e ER,IR
  -gta)

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• Take the YO form of the present tense
• 2. Drop the O
• 3. Add the opposite ending (for AR -gt e
  ER,IR -gta)

LLEV
AR
O
O
LLEV
E
LLEV
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• Examples (try!)
• hablar
• hable
• comer
• coma
• morir
• muera
• ver
• vea

• pedir
• pida
• poner
• ponga
• decir
• diga
• hacer
• haga

• llegar
• llegue
• traer
• traiga
• llevar
• lleve
• poder
• pueda

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What about verbs that dont end with o in the
YO form, like voy and sé?
There are 6 irregulars in subjunctive HAYA (haber
) VAYA (ir) SEA (ser) SEPA (saber) DÉ (dar) ESTÉ
(estar)
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There is one small adjustment for the tú,
nosotros and ellos forms of subjunctive...

• Examples
• yo COMA yo LLEVE
• tú COMAS tú LLEVES
• él COMA él LLEVE
• nosotros COMAMOS nosotros LLEVEMOS
• ellos COMAN ellos LLEVEN

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Whew! I know subjunctive is a littledaunting at
first, but you can do it...