IRRIGATION ISSUES AND WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT

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IRRIGATION ISSUESANDWATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT

• OAS - Water Policy in the Americas Roundtable
• July 20, 2000
• Jose Simas

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CHALLENGES OF THE MILLENIUM AND DRIVING FORCES
PROMOTING GLOBAL CHANGES, WITH IMPLICATIONS ON
WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT POLICIES
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CHALLENGES OF THE MILLENIUM AND DRIVING FORCES
PROMOTING GLOBAL CHANGES, WITH IMPLICATIONS ON
WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT POLICIES
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WATER USE PER ECONOMIC SECTOR
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LATIN AMERICA IRRIGATED AREAS
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LAC CATEGORIES OF IRRIGATION SYSTEMS

• MAJOR NETWORKS
• (IRRIGATION DISTRICTS) 48
• SMALL IRRIGATION 52

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LAC CATEGORIES OF IRRIGATION MANAGEMENT

• RICE FLOODING IN TROPICAL AND
• SUBTROPICAL AREAS 16
• ARID ZONES IRRIGATION 56
• COMPLEMENTARY IRRIGATION 28

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MAIN IRRIGATION ISSUES TO ADDRESS

• INSTITUTIONAL
• TECHNOLOGICAL
• ENVIRONMENTAL
• PRIORITIES

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IRRIGATION INSTITUTIONAL ISSUES

• Land titling/ownership
• Users empowerment on management
• Water rights
• Incentives to save water
• Users organizations
• Transfer of A, OM to users organizations
• Cost effectiveness of OM
• Sustainable fees

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IRRIGATION TECHNOLOGICAL ISSUES

• On-farm management
• Off-farm management
• Appropriate technology
• Adaptive research
• Training and capacity building
• Cost-effective practices
• OM machinery mix
• Drainage and salinity
• Modernization

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ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES

• SALINITY
• WATERLOGGING
• OVERDRAFT OF AQUIFERS
• DISPOSAL OF HAZARDOUS EFFLUENTS
• USE OF CHEMICALS IN AGRICULTURE

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PRIORITIES

• FIRST THINGS FIRST
• SUSTAINABLE OM
• GOVERNMENT ROLE
• STAKEHOLDERS EMPOWERMENT
• MODERNIZATION
• PROFITABILITY
• WATER AND LAND RIGHTS
• INCENTIVES TO SAVE WATER

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KEY ROLES AND FUNCTIONS FOR THE SUSTAINABILITY OF
WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT
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INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING - Functions

• 1. POLICY FORMULATION AND OVERVIEW
• 2. STRATEGIC WATER PLANNING
• 3. DATABASE MANAGEMENT
• 4. SUPERVISION OF RIVER BASIN MANAGEMENT
• 5. SUPERVISION OF WATER RESOURCES USE (SURFACE
  AND GROUND WATER)
• 6. ECONOMIC STUDIES
• 7. LICENSING NEW PROJECTS

• 8. ANALYTICAL BASE GATHERING
• CLIMATE
• HYDROMETRIC MEASUREMENTS
• GROUNDWATER
• WATER QUALITY
• 9. SUPERVISION OF USES
• SURFACE WATER
• GROUNDWATER
• BULK WATER FEES
• DISPOSAL FEES
• 10. INFORMATION DISSEMINATION

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WATER SERVICES - Functions

• REGULATORY
• PUBLIC
• SUPERVISION/
• REGULATORY ENFORCEMENT
• HYDROPOWER
• IRRIGATION
• WATER SUPPLY SANITATION
• NAVIGATION
• FLOOD PROTECTION
• LAND USE WATER PROTECTION RELATED
• SETTING WATER SERVICE STANDARDS

• PROVISION OF SERVICES
• (PUBLIC PRIVATE)
• CONSTRUCTION/
• OPERATION/MAINTENANCE
• HYDROPOWER GENERATION
• IRRIGATION
• WATER SANITATION
• FLOOD PROTECTION
• RURAL DRAINAGE
• URBAN/STORM DRAINAGE
• RIVER NAVIGATION

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WATER ADMINISTRATION (Water Authority) - Functions

• 1. LEGAL REGULATORY FUNCTIONS
• 2. LAW REGULATIONS ENFORCEMENT
• 3. CONFLICT RESOLUTION
• 4. REQUESTS PERMITS FILING
• 5. AUTHORIZING/DENYING PERMITS TO
• WITHDRAW WATER
• DISPOSE OF EFFLUENTS

• 6. MANAGEMENT AND OPERATION OF THE REGISTER OF
  WATER RIGHTS AND USES
• UPDATING DATABASE
• CONSULTATION
• DISSEMINATION OF USE
• GRANTING RIGHTS
• 7. GROUNDWATER PERMITS
• 8. LICENSING, PERMITS, SANCTIONS
• 9. WATER RIGHTS TRANSFERS CANCELLATIONS
• 10. ABSTRACTION DISPOSAL FEES COLLECTION

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ENVIRONMENTAL - Functions

• CONSERVANCY
• ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
• PROTECTION OF SOURCES
• WATERSHED MANAGEMENT EROSION CONTROL
• SETTING WATER-RELATED STANDARDS
• MONITORING
• DATABASE MANAGEMENT
• INFORMATION DISSEMINATION