Verbs

1
Verbs
2
What is a verb?

• Verbs are words that describe
• an action
• Bill hopped, skipped, and ran down the street.
• a state
• Her name is Sally. She has 3 brothers and a
  sister. or
• an occurrence/happening
• Snow glistened on the tree tops.
• The blackout occurred after midnight.

3
Helping Verbs

• Helping verbs are words that help the main
  verb. They have no meaning on their own. Helping
  verbs are needed to make the sentence
  grammatically correct.
• Examples
• Peter is going to town.
• Jane would have gone, but she didnt have a ride.

4
Helping Verb Song(Sung to the tune of Jingle
Bells)

• Helping Verbs!  Helping Verbs!  There are 23....
• Am, is are!  Was and were!  Being, been, and be!
• Have, has, had!  Do, does, did! 
• Shall, should, will, and would!
• There are 5 more helping verbs  may, might,
  must, can, and could! 

5
Helping Verbs
maymightmust  bebeingbeenamareiswaswere (main) dodoesdid (main) shouldcouldwould havehadhas (main) willcanshall
6
Practice
Helping Verb Main Verb
1. Chris has gone to the movie. has gone
2. That worker had eaten in a café. had eaten
7
Regular Verbs

• Regular verbs will show past tense by adding ed.
• Today I walk to town.
• Yesterday I walked to town.
• Present tense is shown by adding ing.
• Right now I am walking to town.

8
Rules

• Some regular verbs vary slightly in spelling, but
  basically still follow the pattern.
• For example
• If a verb ends in a single vowel followed by a
  single consonant (VC), and the vowel has a strong
  stress, the final consonant is doubled before
  adding -ed or -ing.
• stop stopped stopping
• OR
• If the verb ends in -e, drop the e before adding
  ed or -ing.
• hope hoped hoping
• OR
• If the verb ends in a consonant plus y (Cy), we
  change the y to i and add -es or -ed. In the case
  of -ing, we do not change the y.
• study studied - studying

9
Irregular Verbs

• Irregular verbs do not follow the rules, and must
  be memorized.
• On the next 5 slides you will see some irregular
  verbs. Dont worry. You have heard these your
  whole life. Most you will just know.

10
List of Irregular Verbs in English
Present Past Past Participle
be was, were been
become became become
begin began begun
blow blew blown
break broke broken
bring brought brought
build built built
burst burst burst
buy bought bought
burst burst burst
catch caught caught
choose chose chosen
come came come
cut cut cut
deal dealt dealt
do did done
drink drank drunk
11
List of Irregular Verbs in English
Present Past Past Participle
drive drove driven
eat ate eaten
fall fell fallen
feed fed fed
feel felt felt
fight fought fought
find found found
fly flew flown
forbid forbade forbidden
forget forgot forgotten
forgive forgave forgiven
freeze froze frozen
get got gotten
give gave given
go went gone
grow grew grown
have had had
12
List of Irregular Verbs in English
hear heard heard
hide hid hidden
hold held held
hurt hurt hurt
keep kept kept
know knew known
lay laid laid
lead led led
leave left left
let let let
lie lay lain
lose lost lost
make made made
meet met met
pay paid paid
quit quit quit
read read read
ride rode ridden
13
List of Irregular Verbs in English
run ran run
say said said
see saw seen
seek sought sought
sell sold sold
send sent sent
shake shook shaken
shine shone shone
sing sang sung
sit sat sat
sleep slept slept
speak spoke spoken
spend spent spent
spring sprang sprung
stand stood stood
steal stole stolen
swim swam swum
swing swung swung
14
List of Irregular Verbs in English
take took taken
teach taught taught
tear tore torn
tell told told
think thought thought
throw threw thrown
understand understood understood
wake woke (waked) woken (waked)
wear wore worn
win won won
write wrote written
15
Practice

• 1. Past participle of to begin had begun
• Past participle of to leave had left
• Past participle of to sit had sat
• Past participle of to grow had grown

16
Practice

1. That toilet has (broke, broken) again.
2. A credit card was (stolen, stole) from his
   wallet.
3. The tomato plant has (grew, grown) very large.
4. Marty had (came, come) to the party early.
5. We could have (swam, swum) for another hour.

17
Sit and Set

• Sit means to take a seat or sit down.
• I want to sit here a while and rest.
• Sit in the blue chair.
• Set means to place something.
• Please set this blue chair in that corner.
• Set the red cushion on the blue chair.

18
Lie and Lay

• People lie on beds. Dogs lie on people. Fleas lie
  on dogs. The people, the dogs, and the fleas are
  very still. Lie is a still verb.
• A person picks up a dog and lays it on a blanket.
  A pair of tweezers picks a flea off a dog and
  lays it outside. A hen lays an egg. The person,
  the tweezers, and the hen are very active. Lay is
  an active verb. It implies that somebody is
  setting or placing something somewhere.

19
Lie (to lie down on a bed) lie, lay, lain, lying

• Today I lie in bed.
• Yesterday I lay in bed.
• Many times I have lain in bed.
• Yesterday I was lying in bed all day.
• Lying in bed all day is boring.

20
Lay (to place something, to set something
down)lay, laid, laid, laying

• Today I lay the book on the counter.
• Yesterday I laid the book on the counter.
• Many times I have laid the book on the counter.
• Yesterday I was laying the book on the counter
  when Mom came home.
• Laying books on the kitchen counter is against
  the rules in my house.

21

• Americans use the words lie and lay incorrectly
  so often that your ear has trouble telling you
  which is correct. Here are a few tips to help you
  keep these words straight.

22
Tip

• Remember the verb lay works just like to say and
  to pay. Those verbs are irregular, but they
  arent confusing.
• Today I say that I pay yesterday I said that I
  paid many times I have said that I have paid. To
  lay works the same. lay, laid, laid

23
Tip 2

• Nobody says that hens lie eggs. We all get that
  one correct hens lay eggs. Those hens are
  mighty busy! Just visualize in your mind how
  active and busy those hens are. Lay is an active,
  busy word. When youre doing something active
  (laying down your backpack, laying a new rug on
  the floor), lay is the word you want.

24
Tip 3

• Remember that lie is a quiet word. Heres a silly
  ditty you can use to remind yourself of that
  (notice all the eye sounds) At night, I turn
  out my light and lie. Whether its on you sofa,
  on your beach towel, or on your bed, if you are
  quietly reclining, youre lying never laying.

25
Tip 4

• Substitute the word place or the word put. If the
  sentence sounds right, lay is the word you want.
  If it doesnt sound right, lie is the word you
  want. Does it sound right to say that you place
  the book on the table? Yes, so its correct to
  say that you lay the book on the table. Does it
  sound right to say you place in your bed at
  night? No, so its correct to say that you lie in
  your bed at night.

26
Troublesome Verbs
Present Present Participle"to be" Past Past Participle Future
To lie she lies she is lying she lay she has lain she will lie
To lay she lays (it) She is laying she laid (it) she has laid (it) she will lay (it)
To sit he sits he is sitting he sat he has sat he will sit
To set he sets (it) he is setting he set (it) he has set (it) he will set (it)
27
Direct Object

• In the next assignment you will be crossing out
  prepositional phrases and identifying direct
  objects.
• Remember
• A prepositional phrase will begin with a
  preposition and end with a noun or pronoun.
• subject verb what? or who? direct object

28
Practice

• A surfer (lay, laid) his board on the sand.
• My grandfather (sits, sets) by a stream during
  fishing season.
• Jenny is (laying, lying) in the sun without a
  hat.
• That lady always (sits, sets) in the sun without
  a hat.)

DO
29
Linking Verbs

• Linking verbs are words that connect the subject
  to additional information about the subject.
• Linking verbs connect the subject to a predicate
  noun or predicate adjective.
• Examples
• George Washington became the first
  president.Paul is nine years old.

30
Linking Verbs

• The most common linking verb is the verb to be.
• Other common linking verbs are forms of
• to become
• to seem
• to appear
• to look
• to feel
• to sound
• to taste
• to smell

31
Practice

• The sky is cloudy. cloudy sky
• His ring is gold. gold ring
• __L___ The fudge became sticky.
• __L___ The floor behind the stove grew dirty.
• __A___ I walked to the store.

PA
PA
was
was
32
Practice

• __L___ Our cat seems sick.
• __L___ His idea sounded terrific.

is
was
33
Subject/Verb Agreement

• Subjects and verbs must work together. They must
  agree. A verb that ends in a single -s, -es, or
  -ies  is used with a singular noun.

34
Examples
Singular Subject Singular Verb
Little Bear bellows
Omri shares
Fire glows
Patrick fixes
35

• A verb that does not end in a single s, es, or
  ies is used with a plural noun.

36
Examples
Plural Subject Plural Verb
a cowboy and his horse bellow
cowboys share
The two fires glow
Patricks parents fix
37
Brain Pop

• Watch the Brain Pop movie, then try the quiz.
• http//www.brainpop.com/english/grammar/subjectver
  bagreement/

38
Practice

• A guide (lives, live) in those mountains.
• Margo (stays, stay) with her grandmother.
• The dog (bark, barks) throughout the night.
• This document (is, are) very important.

39
Practice

• His friends (sit, sits) beside me on the bus.
• Gold miners (search, searches) for gold in the
  Superstition Mountains.

40
Practice

• Those trains (travel, travels) through a tunnel.
• Some cooks (make, makes) lasagna without meat.

DO
41
Verb TensesPresent, Past, or Future

• There are three main verb tenses
• Present
• Past
• Future
• Practice - Page 151

1. Present Terry rollerskates to his friends house.
2. Past Terry rollerskated with his sister.
3. Future Tonight, Terry will rollerskate around the park.
42
Practice

• _present__ These girls swim in the ocean.
• _future___ Mom will swim twenty laps.
• _past____ My cousin swam on a high school team.

43
Practice

• Past tense of to decide ___decided___
• Present tense of to choose _choose, chooses__