Guiding Principles of Effective Training Program Design

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Guiding Principles of Effective Training Program
Design

• Facilitated By
• Daniel Lopez
• Regional English Language Officer
• Office of English Language Programs
• ECA/A/L

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Activity 1 Best vs. Worst

• Think of the BEST training you have ever
  attended? What made it so great?
• Now think of the WORST. What made it so bad?

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Activity 2 The Perfect Trainer

• INSTRUCTIONS - With a partner, put the following
  qualities in order, from 1 (the most essential)
  to 9 (the least essential).
• ______ Is incredibly organized and always
  conscious of the time.
• ______ Is always in control.
• ______ Knows his/her subject thoroughly, and
  keeps up to date.
• ______ Really likes his/her trainees and
  socializes with them.
• ______ Tries to give his/her trainees moral
  guidance.
• ______ Tries to make presentations interesting
  and fun.
• ______ Shares his/her own ideals and experiences
  with the audience.
• ______ Treats all trainees fairly and does not
  have favorites.
• ______ Encourages critical thinking.

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What purpose do these kinds of opening activities
serve?
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Daniels Top 7 Guiding Principles

1. Trainers must know their audiences context
   needs.
2. Experiential learning works wonders.
3. Activities should be collaborative and
   learner-centered.
4. Variety is the spice of life!
5. Good facilitators know how to manage group
   dynamics.
6. Preparation is the key.
7. Teacher trainers need support from each other.

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1. Trainers must know their audiences context
needs.

• Questions English teachers might ask
• Who are the learners?
• Why is the English language needed?
• How and where will it be used?
• With whom and when?
• Why are the learners taking this course?
• What resources are available?
• Where / when will the course take place?
• What is the broader context?
• What different learning styles are there?

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2. Experiential learning works wonders.
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CONE OF EXPERIENCE

• People generally remember
• 10 of what they read.
• 20 of what they hear.
• 30 of what they see.
• 50 of what they hear and see.
• 70 of what they say or write.
• 90 of what they say as they do something.
• What would help them remember 100?

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Chinese Proverb

• Tell me, I forget.
• Show me, I remember.
• Involve me, I learn.

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People Learn Best When

• they are involved in the design of learning and
  given the chance to make choices.
• their needs are addressed.
• a conducive learning environment is established.
• the course material builds upon what they
  already know.
• the topic is of direct relevance and utility to
  their lives.
• the learning process is an active and engaging
  one.

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8 Qualities of Effective Training

• A moderate level of content.
• A balance between affective, behavioral
  cognitive learning.
• A variety of learning approaches are used.
• Opportunities for group participation.
• Real-life problem solving.
• Allowance for re-entry planning.
• Utilization of participants experience.
• Recycling scaffolding of earlier learned
  concepts and skills.

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3. Activities should be collaborative and
learner-centered.

• Teacher-Centered

• Learner-Centered

• The main objective is to convey information.
• Philosophical View Language is a system of
  repeated habits.
• Learner role is passive.
• Methodology lectures, demonstrations, drills,
  reading aloud, largely deductive (show tell).

• The main objective is to change behavior.
• Philosophical View Language has to be practiced
  authentically.
• Learner role is active.
• Methodology question answer, problem-solving,
  small-group tasks, largely inductive.

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Which are these activities?

• Trainees take turns reading aloud.
• Trainees read silently.
• Discussion in pairs.
• Whole class discussion.
• Trainees brainstorm in small groups.
• Trainees present their lists.

• Teacher Centered
• Learner Centered
• Learner Centered
• Teacher Centered
• Learner Centered
• Teacher Centered

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What is the Trainers Role in a Learner-Center
Context?

• Introduce topics/discussion questions
• Moderate/Facilitate
• Nudge/ Suggest
• Focus discussion
• Play devils advocate

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A Grab Bag of Training Techniques

• Icebreakers
• Lectures / Lecturettes
• Field Trips
• Case Studies
• Role Plays / Skits
• Discussions / Q A
• Model Lessons / Demonstrations
• Assignments
• How many are you already familiar with?

• Videos / Film
• Hands-On Exercises
• Brainstorming
• Team Problem-Solving / Games
• Surveys / Questionnaires
• Critical Incidents
• Fishbowls

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4. Variety is the spice of life!

• Not all trainees are the same (learning styles
  visual, auditory, kinesthetic, tactile,
  emotional) Its all about BALANCE!
• Trainer Facilitator
• The importance of small group work

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5. Good facilitators know how to manage group
dynamics.
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An Effective Trainer Is

• An active listener
• Empathetic
• Clear and concise
• Flexible
• Prepared
• Energetic
• Funny
• A positive role model

• Organized
• Curious
• Intuitive
• A keen observer
• Confident
• Open to feedback
• Relaxed
• Able to manage difficult behavior

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Critical Incidents

• INSTRUCTIONS With a partner, discuss what you
  would do in the following situations.
• Someone is talking too much and monopolizing the
  conversation.
• The group is quiet and unresponsive.
• Everyone is talking at once.
• Side conversations are taking place.
• There is tension within the group about a
  controversial subject.

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6. Preparation is the key.

• Blooms Taxonomy
• Learning Objectives
• Environment time, materials, space, etc.

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Which level are these activities?

• Making a poster
• Multiple choice quiz
• Role play
• Fill in the blank
• Creating an commercial
• Repeating after the teacher

• 3 Application
• 2 Comprehension
• 3 Application
• 2 Comprehension
• 5 Synthesis
• 0 - Does not require ANY level of thinking

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Action Words Related to BT
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Good Learning Objectives Should

• Describe a result that requires higher level
  thinking.
• Ask learners to use information/skills theyve
  learned.
• Be seeable, hearable, and holdable.
• Tell specifically what learners will do.
• Be achievable in one lesson.

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11 Key Steps for Teacher Trainers...

• Identify the training topic.
• Assess participants.
• Set general learning goals.
• Specify learning points.
• Plan ice-breakers/warm-ups.
• Design the activities.
• Develop materials.
• Specify how to conduct each activity
  (instructions).
• Revise details.
• Conduct the workshop.
• Evaluate the results.

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Principles of Empowerment

1. Tell people what their responsibilities are.
2. Give them authority equal to the responsibilities
   assigned to them.
3. Set standards of excellence.
4. Provide them with training that will enable them
   to meet those standards.
5. Provide them with feedback on their performance.
6. Recognize their achievements.
7. Trust them.
8. Give them permission to fail.
9. Treat them with dignity and respect.

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7. Trainers need support from each other.

• Sharing (collaboration, best practices)
• Solidarity

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Thank You and Good Luck!

• Contact Information
• LopezDS_at_state.gov