How Can We Live A Healthy Life?

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How Can We Live A Healthy Life?
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What foods should we eat?
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What is a vitamin?

• A vitamin is an organic compound required as a
  nutrient in tiny amounts by an organism. A
  compound is called a vitamin when it cannot be
  synthesized in sufficient quantities by an
  organism, and must be obtained from the diet.

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What kinds of vitamins does our body need?

• Vitamins are classified as either water-soluble,
  meaning that they dissolve easily in water, or
  fat-soluble vitamins, which are absorbed through
  the intestinal tract with the help of lipids
  (fats).
• Water soluble vitamins Thaimin (B1), Riboflavin
  (B2), Niacin (B3), Pantothenic acid
  (B5),Pyridoxine (B6), Biotin (B7),Folic Acid
  (B9),Cyanocobalamin (B12), C
• Fat soluble vitamins A, D, E, K

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What are dietary minerals?

• Dietary minerals are the chemical elements
  required by living organisms, other than the four
  elements carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen
  present in common organic molecules.

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What nutrients do we need to live?

• In many ways, our bodies can be thought of as
  chemical processing plants. Chemicals are taken
  in, processed through various types of reactions,
  and then distributed throughout the body to be
  used immediately or stored for later use.
• The chemicals used by the body can be divided
  into two broad categories macronutrients, those
  substances that we need to eat regularly in
  fairly large quantities, and micronutrients,
  those substances that we need only in small
  amounts.
• Three major classes of macronutrients are
  essential to living organisms carbohydrates,
  fats, and proteins

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What are carbohydrates?

• Carbohydrates are the main energy source for the
  human body. Chemically, carbohydrates are organic
  molecules in which carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
  bond together in the ratio Cx(H2O)y
• Your body uses carbohydrates (carbs) to make
  glucose which is the fuel that gives you energy
  and helps keep everything going.
• Your body can use glucose immediately or store it
  in your liver and muscles for when it is needed.

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What are saccharides

• Saccharide is a term derived from the Latin for
  sugar
• Carbohydrates are often classified according to
  the number of saccharide units they contain.
• A monosaccharide contains a single carbohydrate,
  over 200 different monosaccharides are known.
• A disaccharide has two carbohydrate units
• An oligosaccharide gives a "few" carbohydrate
  units on hydrolysis, usually 3 to 10.
• A polysaccharide gives many carbohydrates on
  hydrolysis, examples are starch and cellulose.

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Simple and Complex Carbohydrates
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Where do carbohydrates come from?

• These carbohydrates are manufactured by plants
  during the process of photosynthesis. Plants
  harvest energy from sunlight to run the reaction
  just described in reverse
• 6 CO2 6 H2O energy ? C6H12O6 6 O2  

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How does our body use carbohydrates?

• Animals (including humans) break down
  carbohydrates during the process of metabolism to
  release energy.
• For example, the chemical metabolism of the sugar
  glucose is shown below
• C6H12O6 6 O2 ? 6 CO2 6 H2O energy
  (respiration)

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How does are body process carbohydrates?