Reporting Juvenile Crime - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Reporting Juvenile Crime

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Measuring Juvenile Criminal Behavior Presented by: Zak Morton * Count People , Not Charges The ASR Report counts the number of individuals arrested. – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Reporting Juvenile Crime


1
Reporting Juvenile Crime
  • Measuring Juvenile Criminal Behavior
  • Presented by Zak Morton

2
Objectives
  • Clarify what to count as a Juvenile Arrest
  • Review the process of compiling the monthly
    Juvenile ASR report
  • Clarify the difference between Race and Ethnic
    Origin
  • Review Police Dispositions of Juveniles Under 16
    Years of Age

3
Juvenile-Under 18 Years of AgeFBI UCR Definition
  • For UCR purposes a juvenile arrest is
  • counted when the circumstances are such
  • that if the individual was an adult, an arrest
  • would have been made.
  • - Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Handbook

4
Measuring Criminal Activity
  • Statistics are being gathered to measure
  • criminal activity, not court activity or formal
  • arrests

5
What does the ASR Report collect?
  • Total number of persons arrested, cited, or
    summoned for all Part I and Part II crimes during
    a specified month
  • Demographic characteristics of persons arrested
    (age, sex, race, ethnic origin)
  • The number of persons arrested, not the number of
    charges lodged

6
Components of a Juvenile Arrest
  • probable cause
  • taken into custody,
  • or issued an appearance ticket

7
Taken Into Custody
  • Taken into custody means that the juvenile is
  • no longer free to leave regardless of whether he
  • or she is
  • handcuffed
  • placed in a police vehicle
  • brought to a police station
  • taken directly to Family Court or secure
    detention
  • given an appearance ticket
  • OR
  • warned and released without further action

8
Warned and Released Example 1
  • Juvenile male is taken into police custody
  • after he is observed shoplifting
  • After questioning, the juvenile is warned by the
    police and released to his parents
  • No formal charges are brought against the
    juvenile

9
Warned and Released Example 2
  • Juvenile is pulled over for speeding
  • Vehicle search uncovers drug paraphernalia and a
    small quantity of marijuana
  • Juvenile is detained by police until her legal
  • guardian arrives at the scene
  • Juvenile is released to legal guardian with no
    formal charges are lodged

10
What is NOT a juvenile arrest?
  • If there is no probable cause, an arrest
  • should NOT be counted on the ASR report.

11
Examples
  • Teenagers in the town park after closing are
    instructed by police to leave.
  • A juvenile taken into custody for his or her own
    protection, e.g., neglect cases.
  • Follow-up contact with young offenders by
    officers for the purpose of determining the
    offenders progress.

12
Importance of ASR data
  • In New York State, juvenile arrest data from
  • the ASR Report is the ONLY indicator of
  • juvenile crime.
  • Used to inform policy and funding decisions.
  • Measure Disproportionate Minority Contact (DMC)
  • Part of national data set

13
Preparing the ASR Report
  • Arrests of Juveniles Under 18 years of age

14
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15
Count People, Not Charges
  • The ASR Report counts the number of people
  • arrested, not the number of charges lodged.

16
The Hierarchy Rule
  • If a person is arrested for multiple offenses
  • that were committed simultaneously, only the
  • offense highest in the hierarchy of UCR
  • Crimes is counted.

17
Hierarchy Rule Example
  • Two women are arrested for breaking into a car
  • dealership after closing hours (Burglary).
  • They stole cash from the dealerships office
  • safe (Larceny-theft) and two new automobiles
  • from the garage (Motor Vehicle Theft).
  • What offense should be reported?

18
Separation of Time and Place
  • A person may be arrested multiple times
  • during a month for similar or different
  • violations within a jurisdiction.
  • When there is a separation of time between
  • arrests, the agency must score each arrest
  • separately.

19
Separation of Time and Place Example
  • Man and woman parked in secluded location
  • Gunman shoots and kills man, abducts woman,
    drives her across town and rapes her
  • Two separate crimes Homicide and Rape
  • Hierarchy rule is not used due to separation of
    time and place

20
Classifying Race and Ethnic Origin
21
Race and Ethnic Origin
  • Races Black, White, American Indian or Alaskan
    Native, Asian or Pacific Islander
  • Ethnic Origin Hispanic, Non-Hispanic

22
Classifying Race
  • White having origins in any of the original
  • people of Europe, North Africa, or the Middle
  • East.

23
Classifying Race
  • Black having origins in any of the black racial
  • groups of Africa.

24
Classifying Race
  • American Indian or Alaskan Native Having
  • origins in any of the original peoples of North
  • America and who maintains cultural
  • identification through tribal affiliation or
  • community recognition.

25
Classifying Race
  • Asian or Pacific Islander Having origins in any
  • of the original peoples of the Far East,
  • Southeast Asia, the Indian subcontinent, or
  • Pacific Islands.
  • This includes, China, India, Japan, Korea, the
  • Philippine Islands, and Samoa.

26
Ethnic Origin
  • Hispanic A person of Mexican, Puerto Rican,
  • Cuban, South or Central American, or other
  • Spanish speaking culture, regardless
  • of race.
  • Non-Hispanic All other people.

27
Determining Race and Ethnic Origin of Arrestees
  • Use best judgment to determine the race AND
    ethnic origin of the person arrested.

28
Classifying Race and Ethnic Origin Example
  • A 15 year old male is arrested after leaving a
  • gas station without paying for the gas he
  • pumped into his car. When police arrest
  • him, he identifies himself as Puerto Rican.
  • How should the arrestee be classified with
  • regard to Race AND Ethnic Origin?

29
Use Your Best Judgment!
  • ALWAYS indicate the race and ethnic origin of
  • the person arrested!
  • Please do NOT leave either race and ethnic
  • origin blank!

30
Juvenile Disposition Data
  • Persons Under 16 Years of Age

31
Police Disposition of Juveniles
32
State vs. National Definitions
  • New York State Definition Under 16 Years of Age
  • National Definition - Under 18 Years of Age

33
Reconciling Juvenile Dispositions with the
Juvenile ASR form
  • Only report the disposition of juveniles under 16
    that were reported on the ASR
  • Do NOT include juveniles that did not commit a
    UCR offense
  • Total dispositions total of reported arrests
    of persons under 16 on the ASR

34
Law Enforcement Interventions
  • 1. Handled Within Department and Released
  • 2. Referred to Juvenile Court or Probation
  • 3. Referred to Welfare Agency
  • 4. Referred to Other Police Agency
  • 5. Referred to Criminal or Adult Court

35
1. Handled within Department and Released
  • Juvenile Under 16 years of age
  • Arrested, but not referred to family court
  • No formal charge filed against the juvenile

36
2. Referred to Juvenile Court or Probation
  • Include all Under-16 Juveniles referred to
  • probation department
  • person, agency, or group within jurisdiction of
    Family Court

37
3. Referred to Welfare Agency
  • Include juveniles referred to welfare agencies
  • rather than family court or probation.
  • Welfare agencies can be public or private.
  • Examples Local Boys and Girls Club, Police
  • Athletic League, or local Dept. of Social
  • Services.

38
4. Referred to Other Police Agency
  • Include Juveniles who
  • 1. Are arrested at request of another law
    enforcement agency
  • 2. Committed crime in one jurisdiction but reside
    in another and turned over to home jurisdiction
    for handling
  • These arrests should NOT be counted on the ASR
  • report.

39
5. Referred to Criminal or Adult Court
  • Include any Under-16 Juveniles referred to
  • adult court for the juvenile offender process

40
Discontinuation of Runaways
  • DCJS has discontinued collecting data on
    Runaways.
  • Unnecessary to report data for juveniles taken
    into custody as runaways, truants, or curfew and
    loitering law violators.

41
Follow-Up on Inconsistent Data
  • DCJS will call your agency to verify the accuracy
  • of data that deviates from reported norms.

42
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43
For More Information Please Contact
  • NYS Division of Criminal Justice Services
  • Crime Reporting Unit
  • 1-800-262-3257
  • Email crimereporting_at_dcjs.ny.gov
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