California Standards Test

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California Standards Test

• 8th Grade Review

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Ideas of John Locke -rulers receive the right to govern from the people -unjust can be forced from power

• Based on the quotation above, which form of
  government would John Locke most oppose?
• Republic
• Dictatorship
• Representative democracy
• Constitutional monarchy

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AnswerB Dictatorship
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-Natural rights -separation of powers -political equity

• The teachings of enlightenment thinking listed
  above provided the basis for the
• Establishment of democratic government
• Teaching of the protestant reformation.
• Calling of the crusades.
• Development of feudalism.

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AnswerA Democratic Government
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What were both the Magna Carta and the English
Bill of Rights designed to do?

• Limit the power of the monarch
• Provide for religious freedom
• Accept the theory of divine right
• Give commoners the right to vote

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AnswerA Limit the power of the monarch
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The Great Awakening of the mid-1700s affected the
British colonies by

• Decreasing the power and prestige of radical
  religious figures
• Encouraging greater religious enthusiasm and
  political independence
• Encouraging strict obedience and respect for
  governmental authorities
• Discouraging individual free will in spiritual
  and political matters

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AnswerB encouraging greater religious enthusiasm
and political independence
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One goal of the Declaration of Independence was
to

• A. Establish a new monarchy for the independent
  states.
• Convince the British parliament to prevent the
  start of war
• Explain why the colonists felt the need to be
  free from British rule
• Outline an economic system to raise money for the
  revolution

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AnswerC explain why the colonists need to be
free of England
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In designing the legislative branch, the writers
of the Constitution mainly based their ideas on
the

1. French estate general
2. Congress of Vienna
3. Council of Trent.
4. English parliament

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AnswerD English Parliament
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The Mayflower Compact (1620) was significant in
the political development of the American
colonies because it introduced the principle of

1. Self-government
2. Separation of powers
3. Freedom of expression
4. Federalism

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AnswerA Self-government
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The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the state, are reserved to the states respective, or to the people -Tenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution

• The Tenth Amendment was added to the Constitution
  to resolve which of the following topics of
  debate surrounding the development of the
  Constitution?
• Division of powers among branches of government
• The annexation of new lands into the country
• Balance between national and state government
  power
• The representation of states in the legislative
  houses

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AnswerC Balance between national state powers
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Which of these Founders favored a strong national
government and a loose interpretation of the
United States Constitution?

• George Mason
• Patrick Henry
• Roger Williams
• Alexander Hamilton

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Answer--D Alexander Hamilton
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Which of these parts of the United States
Constitution contains fundamental liberties of
American citizens?

• Preamble
• Article I, section 8-enumerated powers
• Article III-judicial branch
• Amendment 1-10-Bill of Rights

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AnswerD Bill of Rights
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Which of these is a constitutional check that the
executive has to balance the power of the
legislature in the U.S. government?

1. Dismiss congress when it acts illegally
2. Veto acts passed by congress
3. Overturn decisions made by courts
4. Appoint representatives and senators

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AnswerB Veto acts passed by Congress
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Which of these groups most likely supported the
political ideas and policies of Alexander
Hamilton?

1. Small farmers
2. Tobacco planters
3. Business owners
4. Frontiers settlers

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AnswerC Business Owners
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Thomas Jefferson and his followers opposed
Alexander Hamiltons tariff policy in part
because they believed that high tariffs would
cause problems for

1. Rich bankers.
2. Small farmers.
3. Big city merchants.
4. Owners of small factories.

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AnswerB Small Farmers
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Shay's rebellion of 1786 resulted in increased
support for

• A. Creating a U.S Bill of Rights.
• B. Revising the Article of Confederation.
• C. Writing the Declaration of Independence.
• D. Approving the Missouri compromise

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AnswerB revising the Articles of Confederation
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Which of the following acquisitions secured
control of North America's largest river, added
substantially to the native American, Spanish,
and French populations of the country, and
essentially doubled the size of the United States

1. Purchase of Alaska
2. Gadsden purchase
3. Louisiana purchase
4. Purchase of Florida

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AnswerC Louisiana Purchase
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Which president was responsible for the
territorial acquisition indicated by the darker
shaded area on the map?

1. George Washington
2. John Adams
3. Thomas Jefferson
4. James Madison

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AnswerC Thomas Jefferson
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In his Farewell Address, George Washington urged
the American people to

• A. Limit a president to two terms in office.
• B. Value and maintain a sense of national unity.
• C. Create a defense alliance with European
  countries.
• D. Establish more effective political parties.

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AnswerB. value maintain a sense of national
unity
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What is one reason for the dramatic decreases in
exports in 1807 and from 1810 to1812?

1. A decline in industrial output
2. Competition from French merchants
3. Military and economic conflicts with Great
   Britain
4. An increase in production and transportation
   costs

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AnswerC Military economic conflicts with Great
Britain
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Conflict with Mexico became highly likely
following the granting of statehood to

1. Texas.
2. Missouri.
3. Arizona.
4. Louisiana.

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Answer--Texas
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What was the purpose of the Monroe Doctrine(1823)?

1. To open Canada to American settlers
2. To prevent European expansion in the Americans
3. To acquire Florida for the united states
4. To end the United States alliance with Great
   Britain

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AnswerB to prevent European expansion in the
Americas
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Which statement best describes the location of
factories in New England during the early 1800s?

1. They needed to be close to coal deposits.
2. They were located next to rivers.
3. They were located in isolated areas.
4. They needed to be closed to railroads.

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AnswerThey were located next to rivers
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The timeline represents development in the
production of

• Oil.
• Glassware.
• Steel.
• Textiles.

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Answer D Textiles
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During the 1800s, the movement of large numbers
of immigrants from many different countries into
large American cities resulted in the rapid
growth of

• Effective public health programs.
• Ethnic neighborhoods.
• Public parks and recreation areas.
• Plentiful and affordable public housing.

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AnswerB Ethnic Neighborhoods
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What agricultural invention, designed to increase
production, had the affect of increasing the
number of slaves needed for labor in the Deep
South?

1. The wheat reaper
2. The cotton gin
3. The steel plow
4. The rice mill

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Answer B the cotton gin
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The growing importance of cotton to the South
created an economy and a society dominated by

1. Managers and professional people.
2. Small independent farmers.
3. Large landowners.
4. Industrial leaders.

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AnswerC Large Land Owners
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The slave-based agriculture system in the South
encouraged the development of

1. Economic self-reliance.
2. A rigid social class system.
3. An urban middle class.
4. Small independent business.

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AnswerB a rigid social class system
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Prior to the Civil War, which group had the most
political power in the South?

• Plantation owners
• Cattle ranchers
• Urban merchants
• Religious officials

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AnswerA Plantation Owners
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Greeleys quotation is associated with which of
these?A. Farmers AllianceB. Populist PartyC.
Manifest DestinyD. Temperance Movement
Go west, young man, and grow up with the country. -Horace Greeley Hints toward reform
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AnswerC Manifest Destiny
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By the mid-1800s, California was being settled
mostly by people in search of

1. Jobs in industrial cities.
2. Wealth from the discovery of gold.
3. Animal pelts for the fur trade.
4. Trade with American Indians.

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AnswerB Wealth from the discovery of gold
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The quotation above describes the
nineteenth-century American belief inA. the
social contract.B. Manifest Destiny.C.
isolationism. D. the Monroe doctrine.
Texas has been absorbed into the Union in the inevitable fulfillment of the general law which is rolling our population westward. -Democratic Review, 1845
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Answer B Manifest Destiny
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The Indian removal act (1830) relocated thousands
of Cherokees from Georgia to Indian territory for
the purpose of

• Making the land available for the white miners
  and farmers.
• Allowing the Cherokee their freedom from U.S
  control
• Obeying the supreme courts order to move the
  Cherokees.
• Creating an area for use by white fur trappers.

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AnswerA making land available for whites
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While the American colonies were fighting a
revolution against England, New Spain was forming
new settlements in California using what type of
system?

1. Plantation
2. Factory
3. Mission
4. Capitalist

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AnswerMission System
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Who was the most important leader of the
Underground Railroad?

• A. Harriet Tubman
• B. William Lloyd Garrison
• C. Phillis Wheatley
• Sarah Grimke

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AnswerA- Harriet Tubman
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The main goal of abolitionists like William Lloyd
Garrison was to

• A. Allow all women the right to vote
• B. Establish tax supported schools
• C. Stop individuals from drinking alcohol
• D. End slavery immediately

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AnswerD end slavery immediately
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After the American Revolution, most Northern
states constitutions called for

• A. Universal suffrage for citizens
• B. The gradual elimination of slavery
• C. The adoption of a state religion
• D. Abolition of state property taxes

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AnswerB gradual elimination of slavery
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Which area on the map above was admitted as a
state as a result of the Compromise of 1850?

• A. 1
• B. 2
• C. 3
• D. 4

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AnswerD 4, California
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What led the newspapers to speak of Bleeding
Kansas in 1856?

• A. fighting between pro-slavery and anti-slavery
  forces
• B. Attacks on job-seeking Irish immigrants
• C. Conflict between cattle ranchers and farmers
• D. Reaction to the U.S. Supreme Court ruling
  against Dred Scott

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AnswerA fighting between pro-slavery and
anti-slavery forces
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States rights played a major role in all of the
following except the

• A. Kentucky and Virginia Resolves
• B. Missouri Compromise
• C. Nullification Crisis
• D. Monroe Doctrine

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AnswerD Monroe Doctrine
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Abraham Lincolns Gettysburg Address is similar
to the Declaration of Independence in that both
documents

• A. Include descriptions of laws that should be
  passed
• B. Emphasize the need for effective government
• C. Support the ideals of self-government and
  human rights
• D. Justify the need for economic change

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AnswerC supports the idea of self-government and
human rights
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What was the first major goal of President
Abraham Lincolns administration

• A. To destroy the institution of slavery
• B. To maintain the unity of the country
• C. To expand the power of the state governments
• D. To industrialize the economy

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AnswerB to maintain the unity of the country
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With malice toward none with charity for all
let us bind up the nations wounds and achieve a
just and lasting peace among ourselves and with
other nations. ---Abraham Lincoln

• This ending to Lincolns Second Inaugural Speech
  indicates that his vision for the future after
  the Civil War was for
• Peacemaking and rebuilding the Union
• Resolving difficulties through armed action
• Providing pensions to Confederate veterans
• Punishing the South for its actions during the
  war

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AnswerA Peacemaking and rebuilding the Union
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What was one reason that the Union strategy for
defeating the South included a naval blockade of
Southern ports?

• A. To cut the South off from its supply lines in
  the countries of Latin America
• B. To stop southern attempts to establish slave
  plantations in Cuba and Mexico
• C. To prevent Southern efforts to sell cotton in
  Europe in exchange for war supplies
• D. To deprive the South of fishing and whaling as
  a primary source of food

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AnswerC To prevent the South from selling cotton
in Europe in exchange for war supplies
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One goal of post-Civil War Congressional
Reconstruction was to

1. Repay Confederate war depts.
2. Ensure civil rights for former slaves.
3. Preserve the plantation system.
4. Rebuild the Southern naval system

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AnswerB Ensure civil rights of former slaves
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During Reconstruction, the Freedmans Bureau

• Relocated many formers slaves to the north.
• Created a system for tenant farming.
• Gave forty acres and a mule to former slaves.
• Established schools for former slaves.

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AnswerD Established schools for former slaves
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One of the functions of the Freedmans Bureau was
to

• Discourage segregation in the South.
• Relocate former slaves to urban areas.
• Provide assistance to former slaves
• Reward veterans with land and money

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AnswerC provide assistance to former slaves
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The 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments to the
Constitution of the United States were intended
to solve problems relating to

• A. government organization
• B. civil rights
• C. checks and balances
• D. rapid economic change

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AnswerB Civil Rights
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The poster suggests that the 19th century
industrialization was often accompanied by

• A. Labor struggle
• B. Farm protests
• C. Technological progress
• D. Political stability

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Answer-A Labor struggle
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Which of these is the best explanation for the
trend shown in the bar graph below?

• A. Availability of industrial jobs in Chicago
• B. Chicagos location on an important river
• C. Chicagos nearness to the gold fields
• D. Lack of regulation in the banks in Chicago

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AnswerA Availability of industrial jobs in
Chicago
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What did the American Federation of Labor try to
achieve in the late 1800s?

• A. Control of decision making in the market
• B. Higher wages and better working conditions
• C. Employee ownership of factories and mines
• D. Elimination of racial discrimination in the
  workplace

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AnswerB Higher wages and better working
conditions
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A large percentage of the immigrants who came to
the United States during the late19th and early
20th centuries settled in the large cities because

• Most of them had lived in cities in their
  homelands
• There were fewer and fewer farms in the United
  States
• The growing industries were usually located in
  cities
• The government encouraged immigrants to settle in
  big cities

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AnswerC The growing industries were usually
located in cities
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Which of these groups most favored immigrants to
the United States between 1880 and 1910?

• Unskilled workers
• Rural farmers
• Urban navitists
• Factory owners

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AnswerD Factory owners