Cases, Motherboards, and Power Supplies

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Cases, Motherboards, and Power Supplies

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• Frank McDaniel
• Joe Rubel
• Kyle McCarthy
• Zack Koontz

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Motherboard

• Everything in a PC connects to the motherboard
• A thin, flat piece of circuit board
• Usually green or gold

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Motherboards I/O Interfaces

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Motherboard Video/Audio (k)

• Video
• Video Slots
• Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP)
•  Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI)
• Peripheral Component Interconnect Express) PCIe
• Built-In Video Card

• Audio
• Built in Audio on rear panel.
• Most consist of 6 ports which are
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• HDMI

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IDE/ PATA (k)

•  Parallel ATA (Parallel Attachment Packet
  Interface ) is an IDE standard for connecting
  storage devices like hard drives and optical
  drives to the motherboard. PATA generally refers
  to the types of cables and connections that
  follow this standard.

• IDE (Integrated Drive Electronics)
• refers to the connector and interface definition,
  but also to the fact that the drive controller is
  integrated into the drive, as opposed to a
  separate controller on or connected to the
  motherboard ( 40-pin connectors )
• EIDE (Enhanced IDE)
• It supports data rates of between 4 and 16.6
  MBps, about three to four times faster than the
  old IDE standard. In addition, it can support
  mass storage devices of up to 8.4 gigabytes 

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SATA (k)

• SATA
• Serial Advanced Technology Attachment) is a
  computer bus interface for connecting host bus
  adapters to mass storage devices such as hard
  disk drives and optical drives.

• eSATA
• Key benefits of eSATA Up to 6 times faster than
  USB 2.0 or 1394 Robust and user-friendly
  external connection High performance,
  cost-effective expansion storage Up to 2 meter
  shielded cables and connectors

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Raid (0, 1, and 5) (k)

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• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vzpvUQUIzNDA
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• Benifits of runing a RAID 
• Increased, Integrated Capacity
• Improved Performance
• Improved Availability
• Fault Tolerance
• Higher Data Security
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Memory Slots (k)

• RAM
• DDR (Double Data Rate SDRAM
• Rambus DRAM (RDRAM)
• DIMMs vs. RIMMs
• SDRAM (Synchronous DRAM)
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• Expansion Slots
• Expansion slots for PCs come in two basic sizes
  half- and full-size. Half-size slots are also
  called 8-bit slots because they can transfer 8
  bits at a time. Full-size slots are sometimes
  called 16-bit slots.

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 BIOS / Firmware

• Bios (basic input/output system)
• First ran when computer boots.
• First job for the BIOS is to initialize and
  identify system devices
• BIOS then locates software held on a peripheral
  device
•  Information is stored on the motherboard which
  is non volatile

• Users
• configure hardware
• set the system clock
• enable or disable system components
• select which devices are eligible to be a
  potential boot device
• set various password prompts

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BIOS / Firmware (k)

• Firmware
• is a combination of software and hardware.
  Computer chips that have data or programs
  recorded on them are firmware. These chips
  commonly include the following
• ROMs (read-only memory)
• PROMs (programmable read-only memory)
• EPROMs (erasable programmable read-only memory)

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Computer Cases

• Desktop
• Tower
• Portable
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Desktop Computer Cases

• Dektop PCs are set platforms
• Hardware expansion is limited
• Aimed at Businesses that require uniformity or
  basic users
• External Bays
• Internal Bays
• Various Cooling features

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Towers

• Mini Tower
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3 Different types of Towers

• Full Tower
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• Mid Tower
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COOL Cases!!
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Processor Sockets - Intel and AMD

• At the beginning, a CPU socket was compatible
  with just one kind of  processor. However, it has
  changed since.
• Definition - the connector on a motherboard that
  houses a CPU and forms the electrical interface
  and contact with the CPU

• Processor socket 370
• Processor sockets use a pin grid array (PGA)
  where pins on the underside of the processor
  connect to holes in the processor socket

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Bus Architecture

• In computer architecture, a bus is a subsystem
  that transfers data between computer components
  inside a computer or between computers
• Buses can be parallel buses, which carry data
  words in parallel on multiple wires, or serial
  buses, which carry data in bit serial form

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• 4 PCI express bus card slots (very top) compared
  to a 32-bit conventional  PCI bus card slot (very
  bottom)

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AMR and CNR

• CNR
• Communication and Networking Riser - Developed by
  Intel, CNR is a riser card for ATX family
  motherboards
• The specification is supported by OEMS, Microsoft
  and silicon suppliers
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• AMR
• Audio Modem Riser- An Intel specification
• that defines a new architecture for the
• design of motherboards
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• AMR lets manufacturers create motherboards 
  without analog I/O functions. Instead, these
  functions are placed on a separate card
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AMR vs CNR

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• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vpGRAygphliYplaynex
  t1listPL1D6CA5E9EBEE8F15

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Riser Card and Daughter Board

• Riser Card
• An expansion card that is used to extend a slot
  for a chip or card in a fully loaded computer to
  make room to plug it in. It may also refer to a
  card that contains several slots used in
  low-profile, space-saving cabinets

• DaughterBoard
• A printed circuit board that plugs into another
  circuit board (usually the motherboard). A
  daughtercard is similar to an expansion board,
  but it accesses the motherboard components
  (memory and CPU) directly instead of sending data
  through the slower expansion bus.

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DC Voltage Power Supply

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• PCs use DC Voltage.  This means that a power
  supply must be able to supply a constant "Direct
  Current" to power the computer.
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ATX Power Supply

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• ATX Power Supplies
•  Originally had a single 20-pin cable.
• Also use soft power. Always have 5 volts running
  to the motherboard
• When the power switch is hit, the BIOS takes over
  and uses the software to power the computer

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Voltage Selector Switch

• US uses 110-120 Volts of AC voltage 
• Elsewhere, the use of 220-240 volts is more
  common
• If the computer uses 110 volts and the switch is
  set to 230, the system will simply struggle to
  function and will not turn on properly.
• HOWEVER, if the system uses 230 volts and the
  switch is set to 110, there will be a
  catastrophic failure of the power supply.
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• when power supplies go wrong!!
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• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vbVN6eOEPins
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Form Factor

• Relates to the size and shape of a motherboard
• Some are specific to individual manufacturers 
•  Need same form factor for motherboard and case
• As of 2007, most desktop computers use ATX form
  factor

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http//www.youtube.com/watch?vUNgvJUxlMmo
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CMOS Battery

• Complementary metaloxidesemiconductor
•  Powers small memory on the motherboard that is
  used to store BIOS settings
• Is for when the power is shut off
• Also stores the real-time date and clock
•  The CMOS RAM and the real-time clock have been
  integrated as a part of the southbridge chipset
  and it may not be a standalone chip on a modern
  motherboard

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PCMCIA

• Stands for Personal Computer Memory Card
  International Association
• The group of companies that defined and developed
  the standard
• Jokingly referred to as "People Can't Memorize
  Computer Industry Acronyms"
• These cards are used for wireless connectivity,
  modem and other functions in laptop/notebook PCs
• The PCMCIA was dissolved in 2009

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Works Cited

• http//www.webopedia.com/TERM/C/CPU_socket.html
• http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bus_(computing)
• http//www.webopedia.com/TERM/A/AMR.html
• http//www.webopedia.com/TERM/D/daughtercard.html
    http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pcmcia
• http//www.serialata.org/technology/esata.asp
•  http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ATX
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