Andrew Diehl

1
Andrew Diehl
The Comparison of a Pan Joist Concrete System to
a Steel Frame System in UMCP Student Housing
Building B

• The Pennsylvania State University
• Architectural Engineering Department
• Structural Option
• 5th Year Senior Thesis Project

2
Outline
Andrew Diehl
5th Year AE Senior
Thesis Structural Option

The Pennsylvania State University

• Existing Building
• Design Criteria
• Pan Joist Concrete System
• Steel Frame System
• Cost Comparison
• Construction Management
• Architecture
• Conclusion

3
UMCP Student Housing Building B
Andrew Diehl
5th Year AE Senior
Thesis Structural Option

The Pennsylvania State University
4
Project Design Team
Andrew Diehl
5th Year AE Senior
Thesis Structural Option

The Pennsylvania State University

• Owner Collegiate Housing Foundation
• Architect Design Collective, Inc.
• Construction Manager Whiting-Turner Contracting
• Structural Engineer Hope Furrer Associates,
  Inc.
• Civil Engineer A. Morton Thomas Associates
• MEP Engineer Burdette, Koehler, Murphy
  Associates
• Geotechnical Engineer Froehling Robertson,
  Inc.
• Landscape Architect Mahan Rykiel Associates,
  Inc.

5
Location
Andrew Diehl
5th Year AE Senior
Thesis Structural Option

The Pennsylvania State University

• The University of Maryland
• College Park, Maryland
• Easy access to the big cities (Baltimore and
  Washington, DC)
• South Campus Commons

6
Existing Building
Andrew Diehl
5th Year AE Senior
Thesis Structural Option

The Pennsylvania State University

• Building Stats
• 5 stories
• 77,445 square feet
• Dormitory - R-2 classification (BOCA 1999)
• 2-4 Bedroom Fully-Furnished Apartments
• Lobby and Student Lounges
• Designed using BOCA 1996

7
Existing Building, contd
Andrew Diehl
5th Year AE Senior
Thesis Structural Option

The Pennsylvania State University

• Architecture
• Facade combination of brick and pre-cast
  cladding
• Roof hipped roof that conceals mechanical
  system
• Cavity wall construction

8
Existing Building, contd
Andrew Diehl
5th Year AE Senior
Thesis Structural Option

The Pennsylvania State University

• Mechanical System
• Multi-zone system
• 2 4500 cfm Centrifugal Rooftop Chillers
• 3 Split System Air Conditioning Units
• Electric Heating Units
• Electrical/Lighting System
• 16 panel boards
• 3 phase 120V / 208V power
• Fluorescent Lighting

9
Existing Building, contd
Andrew Diehl
5th Year AE Senior
Thesis Structural Option

The Pennsylvania State University

• Construction Management
• Project Cost - 52 million (includes 4 other
  buildings)
• Duration November 2000 to August 2002
• Design-Build delivery system
• Demolition was required of previous building
• Utility and transportation service could not be
  disrupted

10
Existing Structural System
Andrew Diehl
5th Year AE Senior
Thesis Structural Option

The Pennsylvania State University

• Gravity System
• Hambro composite open web steel joists
• Light gauge metal load-bearing exterior walls
• Tube steel columns (span to 3rd floor)
• Pre-fabricated wood trusses
• Wood load-bearing walls in the 5th floor
• 8 reinf. CMU retaining wall with strip and
  spread footings
• Lateral System
• X-braced light gauge metal stud shear walls

11
Existing Structural System
Andrew Diehl
5th Year AE Senior
Thesis Structural Option

The Pennsylvania State University

• Hambro Composite Joists

12
Design Criteria
Andrew Diehl
5th Year AE Senior
Thesis Structural Option

The Pennsylvania State University

• Keep floor-to-floor height the same (9-10)
• Minimize structural impact in floor plan
• Open up the ceiling plenum
• Minimize cost impact

13
Pan Joist Concrete
Andrew Diehl
5th Year AE Senior
Thesis Structural Option

The Pennsylvania State University

• Design Decisions
• 40 pans
• 4 ksi normal weight concrete
• Grade 60 reinforcement
• Slab thickness is 5 (fireproofing)

14
Pan Joist Concrete, contd
Andrew Diehl
5th Year AE Senior
Thesis Structural Option

The Pennsylvania State University

• Slab Design
• 5 thick
• Flexural Reinforcement 3s _at_ 5
• ST Reinforcement 3s _at_ 5

15
Pan Joist Concrete, contd
Andrew Diehl
5th Year AE Senior
Thesis Structural Option

The Pennsylvania State University

• Joist Design
• 4 modules
• 8 x 7 joists

Spans Top Reinf. Bottom Reinf. Shear Reinf.
10 11 2 4s 2 4s 3s _at_ 5
15 11 2 5s 2 4s 3s _at_ 5
12 114 2 5s 2 4s 3s _at_ 5
16 11 2 6s 2 5s 3s _at_ 5
16
Pan Joist Concrete, contd
Andrew Diehl
5th Year AE Senior
Thesis Structural Option

The Pennsylvania State University

• Girder Design

Span Top Reinf. Bottom Reinf.
248 124 4 9s 2 7s 3 8s 1 8
101 124 2 7s 3 8s 1 8 2 8s
251 124 4 8s 2 8s 2 9s 1 8
16 124 3 7s 3 7s 1 9 1 8
17 124 3 7s 2 8s 1 9 1 8
16 124 2 9s 1 8 1 9 1 6
17 124 2 8s 1 8 1 8 1 8
17
Pan Joist Concrete, contd
Andrew Diehl
5th Year AE Senior
Thesis Structural Option

The Pennsylvania State University

• Girder Design, contd
• Formed from 40 pans
• 12x15 and 12x18 girders
• Column Design
• Bi-axial columns 14x14 with 8 6s
• Uni-axial columns 12x12 with 4 6s

18
Pan Joist Concrete, contd
Andrew Diehl
5th Year AE Senior
Thesis Structural Option

The Pennsylvania State University

• Bar Cut-offs

Negative Reinforcement
Positive Reinforcement
19
Pan Joist Concrete, contd
Andrew Diehl
5th Year AE Senior
Thesis Structural Option

The Pennsylvania State University

• 1st Floor Framing Plan

20
Pan Joist Concrete, contd
Andrew Diehl
5th Year AE Senior
Thesis Structural Option

The Pennsylvania State University

• Recommendation
• System did not meet design requirements
• Column interference
• Increase size of ceiling plenum
• Additional cost 1.3 million
• Pan Joist Concrete
• is not viable

21
Steel Frame
Andrew Diehl
5th Year AE Senior
Thesis Structural Option

The Pennsylvania State University

• Design Decisions
• Grade 50 steel
• United Steel Deck Manufacturer
• Bolted Connections

22
Steel Frame, contd
Andrew Diehl
5th Year AE Senior
Thesis Structural Option

The Pennsylvania State University

• Slab Design
• United Steel Deck Manual
• 18 gage UF2X Form Deck
• 4 ½ concrete slab with 44 W4.0x4.0 weld wire
  fabric

23
Steel Frame, contd
Andrew Diehl
5th Year AE Senior
Thesis Structural Option

The Pennsylvania State University

• Beam and Column Design
• 1.2D 1.6L
• Meet AISC design requirements
• Beam Design Charts
• Column Design Charts
• W-shapes

24
Steel Frame, contd
Andrew Diehl
5th Year AE Senior
Thesis Structural Option

The Pennsylvania State University

• Beam and Column Design, contd

25
Steel Frame, contd
Andrew Diehl
5th Year AE Senior
Thesis Structural Option

The Pennsylvania State University

• 1st Floor Framing Plan

26
Steel Frame, contd
Andrew Diehl
5th Year AE Senior
Thesis Structural Option

The Pennsylvania State University

• Bolted Connection
• 6x8x1/8 A36 steel angle
• 2 bolts

27
Steel Frame, contd
Andrew Diehl
5th Year AE Senior
Thesis Structural Option

The Pennsylvania State University

• Recommendation
• System did not meet design requirements
• Column interference
• Increase size of ceiling plenum
• Additional cost 600,000
• Steel Frame
• is not viable

28
Cost Comparison
Andrew Diehl
5th Year AE Senior
Thesis Structural Option

The Pennsylvania State University

• Cost Comparison
• Based from R.S. Means

Structural System Cost () Cost Difference ()
Existing 501,380 ---
Pan Joist Concrete 1,797,100 1,295,720
Steel Frame 1,058,903 557,523
29
Construction Management
Andrew Diehl
5th Year AE Senior
Thesis Structural Option

The Pennsylvania State University

• Site Layout
• Easy flow around the building for trades and
  deliveries
• Easy access to the lay-down area
• Steel deliveries can be picked off truck and put
  into place
• Temporary power is accessible under the site

30
Construction Management, contd
Andrew Diehl
5th Year AE Senior
Thesis Structural Option

The Pennsylvania State University

• Site Layout, contd

31
Construction Management, contd
Andrew Diehl
5th Year AE Senior
Thesis Structural Option

The Pennsylvania State University

• Formwork Design
• Column forms are ½ plywood forms with 2x4 studs
  and wales
• Stud spacing is 12 O.C.
• Wale spacing is 18 O.C.
• Column forms can be reused
• Joist and Girder forms are standard 40 pans
• 40 pan forms will remain in place

32
Construction Management, contd
Andrew Diehl
5th Year AE Senior
Thesis Structural Option

The Pennsylvania State University

• Formwork Design, contd

33
Architecture
Andrew Diehl
5th Year AE Senior
Thesis Structural Option

The Pennsylvania State University

• Facade Design
• Accent the structural design
• Visually stimulating
• Done by visual breaks in the facade
• At column locations
• White colored bricks
• Disadvantages increase in labor costs

34
Architecture, contd
Andrew Diehl
5th Year AE Senior
Thesis Structural Option

The Pennsylvania State University

• Facade Design, contd

35
Architecture, contd
Andrew Diehl
5th Year AE Senior
Thesis Structural Option

The Pennsylvania State University

• Interior Exposure of Structure
• Visually stimulating
• Not usually seen in buildings
• See mechanical and electrical systems
• Not done in dwelling areas
• Only can be done in 2 rooms in building (lobby
  and lounge)
• Disadvantages increase costs in mechanical and
  electrical labor

36
Conclusions
Andrew Diehl
5th Year AE Senior
Thesis Structural Option

The Pennsylvania State University

• Both designs did not meet design requirements
• Column interference
• Ceiling needs to be lowered
• Costs the owner significant amount of money
• Hambro Composite Joists
• is viable

37
Thank You
Andrew Diehl
5th Year AE Senior
Thesis Structural Option

The Pennsylvania State University

• Scott Stewart, PE (Hope Furrer Associates, Inc.)
• Design Collective, Inc.
• Dr. Thomas Boothby
• Friends
• Family

38
Questions
Andrew Diehl
5th Year AE Senior
Thesis Structural Option

The Pennsylvania State University
39
Foundations
Andrew Diehl
5th Year AE Senior
Thesis Structural Option

The Pennsylvania State University

• Pan Joist Concrete System
• More Dead Load
• Must watch punching shear at columns
• Increase in size and thickness of footings
• Steel Frame System
• Slight increase in Dead Load
• Must watch punching shear at columns
• Slight increase in size and thickness

40
Structural Scheduling
Andrew Diehl
5th Year AE Senior
Thesis Structural Option

The Pennsylvania State University

• Pan Joist Concrete System
• Set-up and stripping of formwork
• Pouring and curing of concrete
• Laying of reinforcement cage
• 1 month added to schedule
• Steel Frame System
• Erection of members
• Connection Detailing
• 2-3 weeks added to schedule