Community health Nursing

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Community with Disaster)Crisis)Dr. Naiema
Gaber

• Community health Nursing

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Intended learning outcomes

• Define disaster
• Enumerate the types of crisis
• Discuss the effect of disasters on people,
  families and communities
• Explain disaster management
• Identify how Can Families, and communities work
  together to prepare for or recover from disasters

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What is a disaster?

• It is any human made or natural event that cause
  destruction and devastation which can not be
  relieved without assistance.
• The event need not cause injury or death to be
  considered.

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Types of disasters

• 1- Natural as earthquakes, volcanoes, fload
• 2- Man made as terrorism and war
• Disaster can affect one family at a time as in
  house fire or they can kill thousands.

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What are the effects of disasters

• Each year
• High cost (billions )
• Loss of life, high mortality rate
• Injuries
• diseases
• homelessness

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Disaster Mitigation

• Disaster mitigation
• Actions that can prevent the occurrence of
  disasters or reduce the severity of its effects
  as
• Awareness and educations
• Disaster prevention as building a retaining
• wall to divert flood
• Advocacy as supporting actions and efforts
• for effective building code and land
  use

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Stages of disaster involvement

• Preparedness
• Response
• Recovery

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I-preparedness

• It is disaster preparation
• The plan must be kept realistic and simple
• It should include personal, professional and
  community preparation.

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Personal preparedness

• It is nurses with client responsibilities
• Personal and family preparation can help
• Nursing lists emergency supplies should be
  prepared and stored in easy to carry container
• Important documents should be kept in a
  waterproof container

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Professional preparedness

• Disaster in work is not high tech.
• Fieldwork, include management, requires that the
  nurses be creative and willing to improve in
  delivering care
• All workers should be certified in first aid and
  CPR
• workers can get the red Crecent program of
  disaster training of health professionals to
  enable them to provide assistance within their
  own communities

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Communities preparedness

• Having a written disaster plan
• Working together cooperatively and with clear
  role definition before disaster
• Participating in a yearly disaster drills
• Having office of emergency management (OFM) for
  developing and coordinating emergency response
  plans within their defined area

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Preparation for safety in a disaster

• 1- find out what could happen (type of disaster)
• 2- create a disaster plan
• 3- write a complete checklist
• 4- participate and maintain the plan

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Role of the nurse in disaster preparedness cont.

• facilitate preparation within the community
• Know the role in citywide disaster plans for
  community
• Can participate in update the disaster plan
• Provide education to the publics
• Provide an update record of vulnerable
  populations within the community

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Role of the nurse in disaster preparedness

• Knows the institutions and be familiar with the
  individuals who work there
• Keep a safe environment
• Report environmental health hazard as unsafe
  equipment, faulty structure
• Understand the available community resources
• Know how the community will work together

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II-Response

• The disaster response depend on
• disaster type (transportation accidents)
• the level of disaster (level I,II,III,IV)
  according to
• the cost
• the scope (single family, local disaster,
  state
• disaster, major disaster)
• Disaster response by any agency can be by
• 1- Red Cross and crescent
• 2- voluntary organization
• 3-business labor organization
• 4- local government

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How disasters affect communities?

• It can be physical and emotional depending on
  type, cause and location of the disaster.
• Common reaction to disaster can be
• Extreme sense of angry
• Panic and fear
• Difficulty in making decision
• Anger, blame and guilt

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What is Crisis Intervention?

• The goals of crisis intervention are rapid
  resolution of the crisis to
• prevent further deterioration
• achieve at least a pre-crisis level of
  functioning
• promote growth and effective problem solving
• recognize danger signs to prevent negative
• outcomes
• (RNAO, 2006 Hoff, 1995)?

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Roles Goals of Crisis Workers

• Support individuals and families in crisis
• Mental Health Assessment
• Liaise with ER physician
• Liaise with Community Support
• Referral-community, hospital, etc.
• Liaise with psychiatrist

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The role of the nurse in disaster response

• Triage separating casualties and allocating
  treatment
• Assess, treat and give feedback for rapid rescue
  and recovery
• keep ongoing assessments and survival reports
• Find resolution of the immediate problem through
  the use of personal, social and environmental
  resources

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III-Recovery

• The third stage of crisis
• All involved agencies pull together to restore
  the economic and civic life of the community
• Community cleanup effects for physical and
  psychological problems

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Public Health Considerations

• The primary public health measures include
• Maintaining proper hygiene wearing protective
  gloves
• Maintaining proper sanitation
• Purifying water if necessary

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Nursing role in recovery stage of disaster

• Teaching proper hygiene
• Up date the Immunization records
• Continue the referral of mental health persona to
  the professionals
• Be alert to the environmental health hazards
  during recovery phase
• Assess the danger of live or dead animals and
  rodents that harmful to persons health
• Conduct follow up visit.

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Review questions

• 1-Action that can prevent the occurrence of
  disasters or reduce the severity of its effects
  is called
• a-crisis
• b- Preparedness
• c- Response
• d- Disaster mitigation (d)
• 2- disaster preparation is which stage?
• a-preparedness
• b-Response
• c-Recovery
• d-Evaluation (a )

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Complete

• 1- Stages of disaster involvement a- b- c-
• a- Preparedness
• b- Response
• c- Recovery
• 2- The role of the nurse in disaster
  preparedness includes
• a- b- c-
• facilitate preparation within the community
• Know the role in citywide disaster plans for
  community
• Can participate in update the disaster plan
• Provide education to the publics
• Provide an update record of vulnerable
  populations within the community
•  

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THANK YOU