CORRELATION BETWEEN STRENGTH AND FLEXIBILITY

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CORRELATION BETWEEN STRENGTH AND FLEXIBILITY

• By Billy Wilson

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INTRODUCTION

• There are four basic components to physical
  fitness.
• Muscular Endurance, Cardiovascular Endurance,
  Muscular Strength, Flexibility
• Muscular Strength- the ability of the muscle to
  generate the maximum amount of force
• Flexibility- the ability to move a joint through
  the full range of motion without discomfort or
  pain

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PURPOSE AND HYPOTHESIS

• Purpose
• The major purpose of this study was to determine
  a correlation between an individuals muscular
  strength and flexibility.
• Hypothesis
• The null hypothesis for this study states
  There was no correlation between an individuals
  muscular strength and flexibility.

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PROBLEM AND NEED

• Problem
• The study was designed to answer the question
  Was there a correlation between an individuals
  muscular strength and flexibility?
• Need
• It is important to maximize both strength and
  flexibility since they are both components of
  physical fitness.
• It is important to know the relationship between
  flexibility and muscular strength.

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LIMITATIONS

• The major limitations of the study were
• The researcher was not the one who collected the
  data.
• There were multiple testers.
• The researcher was not present when the tests
  were taken.
• All testers may not have been using exactly the
  same joint reference points when calculating
  range of motion.
• Goniometry is not the most accurate form of
  determining flexibility.

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DELIMITATIONS

• The major delimitations of the study were
• All the subjects were volunteers.
• All the subjects were students at a university in
  Southeast Tennessee.
• All subjects were tested in a class designed
  specifically for research testing.
• The tests were taken in the 2007 school year.
• All subjects were between the ages of 18-38.
• The strength test was delimited to the one
  repetition max.

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CHAPTER 2 INTRO

• Physical fitness is defined as a set of
  attributes that people have or achieve that
  relates to the ability to perform physical
  activity.
• Muscular Strength- the maximum amount of push or
  pull that can be exerted one time by a muscle
  group
• Isometric Contraction and Isotonic Contraction
  tests
• Flexibility
• Static Flexibility and Dynamic Flexibility
• Inclinometer, Radiography, Goniometry

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RECOMMENDATION FOR PROGAMS

• The majority of the subjects were college aged
  males and females that were not regularly
  involved in strength or flexibility training.
• The main instrument used was the goniometer and
  the main test was the 1RM.
• Most of the studies were on the effects of
  pre-event stretching on exercise performance.
• Most concluded that pre-event stretching caused a
  power deficit

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SUMMARY OF LITERATURE REVIEW

• Pre-event stretching has a negative effect on
  performance.
• speed, agility, and power output
• Findings based upon college aged subjects that
  were mostly physically inactive.
• Goniometery and 1RM were main testing tools.

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CHAPTER 3

• Sample
• Data collected in Fall semester of 2007-2008
  school year
• Males between the ages 18-38
• Students attending major metropolitan university
• Randomly chosen by students of the exercise
  testing class

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CHAPTER 3

• Methodology
• Subjects participated in 1RM bench press test for
  muscular strength
• Subjects flexibility measured with a goniometer
• Right shoulder abduction
• Data were collected by students of an exercise
  testing class
• Both male and female subjects tested, but only
  male scores were used for this study

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CHAPTER 4

• Table 4.1
• Subjects One Repetition Max vs. Flexibility
• Ss Age 1RM Flexibility__________
• 1 22 415 180
• 2 23 365 180
• 3 19 265 180
• 4 23 405 180
• 5 21 395 168
• 6 21 215 180
• 7 21 225 180
• 8 22 185 150
• 9 20 190 120
• 10 20 250 138
• 11 22 145 110
• 12 31 175 183
• 13 20 195 162
• 14 38 245 154
• 15 19 255 183

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CHAPTER 4

• Table 4.2
• Spearman r Data Analysis of Strength and
  Flexibility Correlation
• Level of Confidence 0.05
• Degree of Freedom 58
• Critical Value .250
• Calculated Value .010
• Legend
• Level of Confidence pgt0.05
• Degree of Freedom the number of subjects minus
  one
• Critical Value a value in the sample
  distribution to which the calculated statistic
  was compared
• Calculated Value a value derived from computing
  procedures applied to the data

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CHAPTER 5

• Null Hypothesis
• There was no correlation between an individuals
  muscular strength and flexibility.
• Based on the analysis of the data, the null
  hypothesis was accepted.
• If this study were done again
• Make sure no stretching was done before the 1RM
  test
• Test a different shoulder movement
• Test the correlation in females

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REFERENCES

• Behm, D.G., E. E. Bradbury, A. T. Haynes, J. N.
  Hodder, A. M. Leonard, N. R. Paddock, et al.
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  Stretch-Induced Deficits in Force or Power.
  Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 5
  33-42.
• Cornelius, W., M. Hands. 1992. The Effects of a
  Warm-up on Acute Hip Joint Flexibility Using a
  Modified PNF Stretching Technique. Journal of
  Athletic Training 112-114.
• Halvorson, R., et al. 2007. Dynamic Warm-Ups
  Improve Athletic Performance. IDEA Fitness
  Journal 19.
• Kokkonen, J., A. G. Nelson, et al. 2001. Acute
  Ballistic Muscle Stretching Inhibits Maximal
  Strength Performance. Research Quarterly for
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• Kravitz, L., et al. 2006. Resistance and
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• Nelson, A., N. Driscoll, D. Landin, M. Young, I.
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  Journal of Sports Sciences, 23(5) 449-454.
• Nelson, A., J. Allen, A. Cornwell, J. Kokkonen,
  et al. 2001. Inhibition of Maximal Voluntary
  Isometric Torque Production by Acute Stretching
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• Nelson, A., J. Kokkonen, C. Eldredge, et al.
  2005. Strength Inhibition Following an Acute
  Stretch is Not Limited to Novice Stretchers.
  Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 76(4)
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• Siegel, D. (ed.), et al. 2006. Stretching and
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• Tsuang, Y., S. Lam, L. Wu, C. Chiang, L. Chen, P.
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  Injury within the Physiologic Excursion of
  Muscle-Tendon Unit a Rabbit Model. Journal of
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