Preventing Amputations

1
Preventing Amputations
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Session Objectives

• You will be able to
• Identify the amputation hazards of different
  types of machinery
• Understand OSHAs machine safety requirements
• Recognize different types of guards and safety
  devices
• Take proper precautions to prevent injuries

3
What You Need to Know

• Types of machines with amputation hazards
• Specific machine hazards
• Guarding requirements
• Safe work practices
• Maintenance and repair rules
• Inspection procedures

4
OSHA Requirements

• OSHA standards
• National Emphasis Program on Amputations
• Machine safety stressed with citations from OSHA
  for noncompliance

5
Four Primary Types of Machines

• Power presses and saws
• Shears
• Slicers

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Other Machines

• Bending, rolling, shaping machinery
• Boring, drilling, milling, planing machinery
• Conveyors
• Food processing and packaging machinery
• Grinding and polishing machinery
• Printing machinery

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Point of Operation

• Most dangerous area where work is done on the
  material
• Cutting
• Punching
• Shearing
• Bending

8
Mechanical Motion

• Reciprocating
• Transverse
• Rotation
• Nip points

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Guarding Requirements

• Prevent contact
• Be secured to machinery
• Protect from falling objects
• Create no additional hazards
• Allow for safe lubrication
• Cause no interference with production

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Guarding Types

• Fixed guards
• Interlocked guards
• Adjustable guards
• Self-adjusting guards

Image Credit OSHA
11
Safety Devices

• Light curtains
• Two-hand controls
• Pressure-sensitive devices
• Restraints and pull-back devices

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Distance Guarding

• Barrier guards
• Automatic feeding and ejection systems
• Manual feed systems
• Mechanical ejectors

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Amputations General Hazards and Guarding

• Do you understand the information presented in
  the previous slides?

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SawsHazards

• Table and radial arm saws
• Handheld, chop, miter, and band saws
• Point of operation blade
• Power transmitting unitnip points

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SawsGuards

• Self-adjusting guards for the blade
• Push sticks or other tools
• Alternate fixed blade guards
• Spreaders or antikickback fingers
• Additional fixed guards for moving parts

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ShearsHazards

• Mechanically driven ram moves the blade
• Squaring shears cut sheet metal
• Alligator shears cut metal stock
• Guillotine shears cut paper, plastic
• Primary hazard is point of operation
• Other areas hazardous also

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ShearsGuards

• Feed/eject systems
• Feeding tools
• Interlocked guards
• Presence-sensing devices
• Two-hand controls
• Restraints or pull-back devices

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SlicersHazards

• Meat and food slicers are most common
• Most amputations occur in the restaurant and
  grocery industry
• Primary hazard is point of operation
• Operator pushes food through the blade

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SlicersGuards

• Blade is typically unguarded
• Adjust thickness to zero when slicer not in use
• Use a guiding tool
• Unplug when cleaning or clearing jams

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Power PressesHazards

• Punch, shear, and form metal and other materials
• Point of operation materials manually fed
• Reciprocating motion of ram
• Power transmission units

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Power PressesGuards

• Feed/eject systems
• Interlocked guards
• Light curtains
• Two-hand controls
• Pressure-sensitive devices
• Fixed guards reciprocating motion and power
  transmission

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Amputations Specific Hazards and Guarding

• Do you understand the information presented in
  the previous slides?

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Safe Work Practices to Prevent Amputations

• You should be able to
• Identify machine hazards
• Understand the function of machine guards and
  safety devices
• Identify personnel who are authorized to remove
  guards

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Safe Work Practices to Prevent Amputations (cont.)

• You should also
• Know how to report damaged, missing, or
  inadequate guards
• Understand risks of circumventing guards
• Know how to inspect machines and guards before
  use
• Know and follow machine-related safety rules

25
Maintenance and Repair

• Only remove guards for maintenance or repair
• Lock out machine before removing guard
• Lock out before clearing a machine jam
• De-energize before changing dies or tools

Image Credit WA State Department of Labor and
Industries
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Machine Hazard Assessment

• Initial machine assessment
• Annual guarding assessment
• Post-injury evaluation
• Daily machine inspections

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Key Points to Remember

• Many machines in the workplace have hazards that
  can cause amputations
• Keep hands away from the point of operation
• Guard mechanical motion
• Inspect all machines before use
• Never use a machine without proper guarding
• Follow safe work practices