Title: CGE Training Materials National Greenhouse Gas Inventories
1CGE Training MaterialsNational Greenhouse Gas
Inventories
- Land Use, Land-Use Change and Forestry (LULUCF)
Sector - Version 2, April 2012
Consultative Group of Experts (CGE)
Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas
Inventories
2Target Audience and Objective of the Training
Materials
- These training materials are suitable for people
with beginner to intermediate level knowledge of
national greenhouse gas (GHG) inventory
development. - After having read this Presentation, in
combination with the related documentation, the
reader should - Have an overview of how emissions inventories are
developed for the land use, land-use change and
forestry sector - Have a general understanding of the methods
available, as well as of the main challenges of
GHG inventory development in that particular
area - Be able to determine which methods suits their
countrys situation best - Know where to find more detailed information on
the topic discussed. - These training materials have been developed
primarily on the basis of methodologies developed
by the IPCC hence the reader is always
encouraged to refer to the original documents to
obtain further detailed information on a
particular issue.
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Consultative Group of Experts (CGE)
Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas
Inventories
3Acronyms
- AD Activity Data
- AGR Annual Growth Rate
- EF Emission Factor
- EFDB IPCC Emission Factor Database
- GPG Good Practice Guidance
- LUCF Land-Use Change and Forestry
- LULUCF Land Use, land-Use Change and Forestry
- RF Removal Factor
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Consultative Group of Experts (CGE)
Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas
Inventories
4Outline of Course Land Use, Land-Use Change
and Forestry (LULUCF)
- Introduction (slide 5)
- Definitions (slide 6)
- Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines (slide 10)
- IPCC good practice guidance for LULUCF (GPG 2003)
(slide 36)
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Consultative Group of Experts (CGE)
Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas
Inventories
5Introduction
- This presentation aims to assist non-Annex I
(NAI) Party experts in preparing GHG inventories
in the LULUCF sector using the Revised 1996 IPCC
Guidelines and the IPCC good practice guidance
for LULUCF (GPG 2003), particularly in the
context of UNFCCC decision 17/CP.8, focusing on - The need to shift to GPG 2003 and higher
tiers/methods to reduce uncertainty - Overview of the tools and methods
- Review of activity data (AD) and emission factors
(EF) and options to reduce uncertainty - Use of UNFCCC inventory software and IPCC
emission factor database (EFDB).
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Consultative Group of Experts (CGE)
Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas
Inventories
6Definition of Key Terms
- LUCF (Land-Use Change and Forestry) Land use is
the type of activity being carried out on a unit
of land, such as forest land, cropland and
grassland. The Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines refer
to sources and sinks associated with GHG
emissions/removals from human activities, which - Change the way land is used (e.g., clearing of
forest for agriculture, conversion of grassland
to forest) - Affect the amount of biomass in existing biomass
stocks (e.g., forest, village trees, savanna) and
soil carbon stocks. - LULUCF (Land Use, Land-Use Change and Forestry)
This includes GHG emissions/removals resulting
from managed land (involving no change in use,
such as forest remaining forest land) and
land-use changes (involving changes in land-use,
such as grassland converted to forest land or
forest land converted to cropland).
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Consultative Group of Experts (CGE)
Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas
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7Definitions (cont.)
- Source Any process or activity that releases a
GHG (such as CO2 and CH4) into the atmosphere. A
carbon pool can be a source of carbon to the
atmosphere if less carbon is flowing into it than
is flowing out of it. - Sink Any process, activity or mechanism that
removes a GHG from the atmosphere. A given pool
can be a sink for atmospheric carbon if during a
given time interval more carbon is flowing into
it than is flowing out of it.
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8Definitions (cont.)
- Activity data Data on the magnitude of human
activity, resulting in emissions/removals taking
place during a given period of time (e.g., data
on land area, management systems, lime and
fertilizer use). - Emission factor A coefficient that relates the
activity data to the amount of chemical compound,
which is the source of later emissions.
Emission/removal factors are often based on a
sample of measurement data, averaged to develop a
representative rate of emission or removal for a
given activity level under a given set of
operating conditions. - Removal factor Rate at which carbon is taken up
from the atmosphere by a terrestrial system and
sequestered in biomass and soil.
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9Contribution and Role of LUCF Sector to NAI GHG
Emissions 3 examples
- Argentina, Indonesia and Zimbabwe for 1994
- LUCF sector has a significant impact on national
net CO2 equivalent emissions in most developing
countries, being sink or source - LUCF sector is a net sink for Argentina and
Zimbabwe - Net source for Indonesia, which experienced
forest land conversion of over one Mha - Inclusion of LUCF sector in the inventory had the
following impact on GHG emissions - Argentina Emissions of 119 Tg CO2 when LUCF
excluded, but 84 TgCO2 when LUCF included - Indonesia Emissions of 189 Tg CO2 when LUCF
excluded, but 344 Tg CO2 when LUCF included. - Zimbabwe Source of 17 Tg CO2 when LUCF excluded,
but a net sink of 45 TgCO2 when LUCF included.
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10Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines Basic assumptions
- The flux of CO2 to/from atmosphere is assumed to
be equal to changes in carbon stocks in existing
biomass and soils - Changes in carbon stocks can be estimated by
establishing rates of change in land use and
practices that bring about change in land use - Estimating carbon stocks in land-use categories
- That are not subjected to change
- That are changed.
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11Four Default Categories in Revised 1996 IPCC
Guidelines
- 5A. Changes in forest and other woody biomass
stocks due to - Commercial management
- Harvest of industrial roundwood (logs) and
fuelwood - Establishment and operation of forest plantations
- Planting of trees in urban, village and
non-forest locations. - 5B. Forest and grassland conversion
- The conversion of forests and grassland to
pasture, cropland etc, can significantly change
carbon stocks in vegetation and soil. - 5C. Abandonment of cropland, pasture, plantation
forests, or other managed lands - 5D. CO2 emissions and removals from soils
- Cultivation of mineral soils
- Cultivation of organic soils
- Liming of agricultural soils.
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Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas
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12Reporting of GHG Inventory in the LUCF Sector
Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines
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13Basic Steps in Preparing Inventory Using Revised
1996 IPCC Guidelines
- Step 0 The Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines do not
provide a key category analysis approach.
Inventory experts are encouraged to conduct it
using GPG 2003. - Step 1 Select the land-use categories
(forest/plantations), vegetation types subjected
to conversion (forest and grassland), changes in
land-use/management systems (for soil carbon
inventory). - Step 2 Assemble the required AD, depending on
tier selected, from local, provincial, national
and global databases, including EFDB.
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14Basic Steps in Preparing Inventory Using Revised
1996 IPCC Guidelines (cont.)
- Step 3 Collect EF/RF, depending on tier level
selected, from local/regional/national/global
databases, including EFDB. - Step 4 Estimate GHG emissions and removals.
- Step 5 Estimate uncertainty involved.
- Step 6 Report GHG emissions/removals.
- Step 7 Report all procedures, equations and
sources of data used for GHG inventory estimation.
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15Category 5A. Steps
- Step 1 Estimate total biomass carbon uptake by
using area under different plantations/forests
(AD) and annual biomass growth rate (removal
factor). - Step 2 Estimate total biomass consumption by
adding commercial harvest, fuelwood consumption
and other wood use. - Step 3 Estimate the net carbon uptake or release
by deducting the consumption or loss from total
biomass carbon uptake.
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16Sources of AD
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17Emission/Removal Factors
- The key emission/removal factors include
- annual biomass growth rate, carbon fraction of
dry matter, biomass expansion ratio. - Biomass Expansion Ratios (BERs) as given in the
Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines are required to
convert commercial roundwood harvested biomass
(in m3) to total above-ground biomass (in
tonnes). - Similarly, AGB/BGB ratio is required to estimate
BGB using data on AGB and the conversion ratio,
according to GPG 2003.
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18Sources of EF/RF
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19Assessment of Emission Factors and Strategy for
Improvement
- To reduce uncertainty, it is desirable to use
nationally derived AD and EF at as disaggregated
level as possible. - Example Annual Growth Rate (AGR) of biomass is
mean annual above-ground biomass growth rate
expressed in t/ha/year. AGR varies with - Forest or vegetation or plantation types (e.g.
evergreen/deciduous/eucalyptus) - Climatic region based on latitude and rainfall
(e.g. humid, sub-humid, semi-arid, arid) - Age of the forest or plantation stand
- Management system or silvicultural practice (e.g.
thinning, fertilizer application, fire
management).
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20Short-term Strategy for Improving AGR Values
- Disaggregate the land use, forest or vegetation
types occurring in the country at as fine a level
as possible along the following lines or using
other more nationally relevant stratification - Different forest types/vegetation
types/plantations - Latitude tropical, temperate, boreal
- Rainfall zone (mm/yr) humid (gt2000), semiarid
(5001000), arid (lt500) - Age of the stand 05 yr, 5 to 10 yr, 1020 yr, gt
20yr - Management system naturally regenerated or
planted - Other category.
- Allocate area of different forest
types/plantations in the country, using forest
map, rainfall zone map, soil map and other
statistical information.
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21Illustration of UNFCCC Inventory Software
Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines
Total carbon uptake increment (in kt C) Area of
forest/plantation category (in kha) Annual
growth rate (in t dm/ha) Carbon fraction of dry
matter From UNFCCC Software Sheet 5-1s1
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22Category 5B. Forest and Grassland Conversion
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23Category 5B. Steps
- Step 1 Estimate annual loss of biomass due to
conversion. - Step 2 Estimate quantity of carbon released from
fraction of biomass burned on-site. - Step 3 Estimate quantity of carbon released from
fraction of biomass burned off-site. - Step 4 Estimate carbon released from decay of
above-ground biomass. - Step 5 Estimate total annual CO2 release from
burning and decay of biomass, resulting from
forest and grassland conversion.
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24Issues in Estimating CO2 Emissions from Biomass
Forest and Grassland Conversion
- Lack of compatibility between Revised 1996 IPCC
Guidelines vegetation types and national
circumstances or classification - Absence of forest and grassland conversion data
for the inventory year as well as the 10-year
average - Lack of methods for savanna/grassland burning
- Lack of disaggregated activity data on biomass
stock before and after conversion - Lack of clarity on fraction of biomass burnt
on-site, off-site and left to decay - Biomass burned for energy is reported in the
energy sector.
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25Sources of AD
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26Sources of EF
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27Category 5C. Abandonment of Managed Lands
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28Category 5C. Steps Estimation Procedure
- Step 1 Estimate the annual carbon uptake in
above-ground biomass, using the area abandoned
(during the previous 20 years) and annual biomass
growth. - Step 2 Estimate the total carbon uptake from
area abandoned (during 20100 years) and annual
growth rate. - Step 3 Estimate the total carbon uptake from
abandoned land (Step 1 Step 2).
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29Issues in Estimating CO2 Uptake from Abandonment
of Managed Lands
- Lack of compatibility between vegetation types
given in the Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines and
national classification for abandoned land - Lack of methods to identify managed land
abandoned and regenerating - according to different vegetation types
- for the past 20 years and 20100 years
- Absence of annual data for aboveground biomass
growth for abandoned land - according to different vegetation types
- for the past 20 years and 20100 years.
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30Category 5D. CO2 Emissions and Removals from Soils
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31Category 5D. Steps
- Step 1 Changes in soil carbon for mineral soils.
- Step 2 Carbon emissions from intensively managed
organic soils. - Step 3 Carbon emissions from liming of
agricultural soils.
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32Methodological and Data Related Issues on Soil
Carbon
- Absence of linkage between biomass carbon and
soil carbon for different land categories or
vegetation types - Ambiguity in classification of land-use/management
systems, and soil types - Absence of activity data on land area under
different conditions - land-use/management systems
- soil type
- for periods t (inventory year), and t20
- intensively managed organic soils
- Absence of emission factors such as soil carbon
in mineral soils and annual loss rate of carbon
in managed organic soils.
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33Sources of AD
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34Sources of Emission/Removal Factors
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35Summary of Methodological Issues/Problems in GHG
Inventory Using the Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines
- Compatibility of Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines
land categories to national classification - High uncertainty of inventory, AD and EF
- Lack of disaggregated data, particularly on
vegetation types - Lack of clarity for reporting estimates of
emissions/removals in managed natural forest - Lack of consistency in estimating/reporting total
biomass or only above-ground biomass - Lack of methods for below-ground biomass and for
incorporating non-forest areas, such as coffee,
tea, coconut, cashew nut - Difficulty in differentiating managed
(anthropogenically impacted) and natural forests - Ambiguity in terminology, e.g. forest,
afforestation, reforestation, managed forest - Complexity of the methodology.
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36GPG 2003 LULUCF
- Land-Use Categories and Methods
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37Mapping/Linkage Between the Revised 1996 IPCC
Guidelines and GPG2003
- GPG 2003 is based on a land-use category
approach, and provides a procedure to link
inventory estimates of GPG 2003 to the Revised
1996 IPCC Guidelines, based on Categories 5A to
5D. - However, the inventory estimates obtained using
the Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines could be
different from the estimates obtained using GPG
2003 due to the following reasons - Inclusion of additional land categories, e.g.
agro-forestry, coconut, coffee, tea - Inclusion of additional carbon pools belowground
biomass, dead organic matter, etc. - Estimation of biomass increment and losses in
each land category, sub-category - Linking of biomass and soil carbon for each land
category - Use of improved default values.
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38Reporting of GHG Inventory in the LULUCF Sector
GPG2003
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39GPG2003 - Major Advancements 1
- GPG2003 adopted two major advances over the
Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines. The first is - Three hierarchical tiers of methods
- T1 use of default data and simple equations
- T2 use of country-specific data and
- T3 models to accommodate national circumstances.
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40Rationale for Adopting GPG2003
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41Combination of Tiers
- NAI experts can adopt multiple tiers in the GHG
inventory for LULUCF sector - For different land-use categories
- Within a given land-use category for different
carbon pools - Within a carbon pool, for activity data and
emission factor. - Adopt higher tiers for key categories and
wherever possible use country-specific, climatic
region-specific emission/removal factors
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42GPG 2003 - Major Advancements 2
- 2. Land-use-category-based approach for
organizing methodologies - Six land-use categories to ensure consistent
representation, covering all geographic areas of
a country - Forest land, cropland, grassland, wetland,
settlements and other lands - Each land-use category is further disaggregated
to reflect the past and the current land use - Forest land remaining forest land
- Lands converted to forest land.
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43 In addition GPG 2003 includes Key Source/Sink
Category Analysis
- GPG 2003 assists Parties in identifying the key
- Land categories (e.g. forest land, cropland,
etc.) - Gases (CO2, CH4 and N2O)
- Carbon pools (living biomass, dead organic matter
and soil organic carbon). - The decision trees given in GPG 2003 could be
adopted - Decision trees at two levels of disaggregation
- Land remaining in the same land-use category
(e.g. forest land remaining forest land) - Land converted to another land-use category (e.g.
grassland converted to forest).
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45Definitions of Land-Use Categories in GPG 2003
- Forest land all land with woody vegetation
consistent with thresholds used to define forest
land in the national GHG inventory, sub-divided
into managed and unmanaged, and also by ecosystem
type as specified in the Revised 1996 IPCC
Guidelines. Also includes systems with vegetation
that fall below, but are expected to exceed, the
threshold of the forest land category. - Cropland land that is not forest land or
grassland. (Arable and tillage land, and
agro-forestry systems where woody vegetation
falls below the thresholds used for the forest
land).
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46Definitions (cont.)
- Grassland rangelands and pasture land that is
not forest land or cropland. (Pasture lands with
woody vegetation below the threshold used in the
forest land category and not expected to exceed
it without human intervention are included). - Settlements all developed land, including
transportation infrastructure and human
settlements of any size, unless they are already
included under other categories. This should be
consistent with the selection of national
definitions.
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47Definitions (cont.)
- Wetland land covered or saturated by water for
all or part of the year and that does not fall
into the forest land, cropland, grassland or
settlements categories. - Other lands includes bare soil, rock, ice, and
all unmanaged land areas that do not fall into
any of the other five categories. It allows the
total of identified land areas to match the
national area, where data are available.
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48Important
- Classify land under only one category to prevent
double counting. - It is good practice to combine or disaggregate
the existing land classes of a land-use
classification in order to use the categories
presented here, and to report on the procedure
adopted. - It is good practice to specify national
definitions for all categories used in the
inventory and report any threshold or parameter
values used in the definitions.
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49Other Categories
- Harvested wood products (HWP), wetlands and other
sources/sinks - Default assumption of Revised 1996 IPCC
Guidelines is that - HWP pool is constant. So carbon removed in wood
and other biomass from forests is oxidized in the
year of harvest - Countries may report on HWP pools, if they can
document that existing stocks of forest products
are in fact increasing - GPG2003-Appendix provides guidance on
methodological issues for accounting emissions
and removals from HWP.
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50Land Representation is Key 3 Approaches in GPG
2003
Approach 1
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51Approach 2
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52Approach 3 Spacially Explicit (GIS required)
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5353
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57Carbon Pools
- CO2 emissions and removal are estimated for all
the carbon pools namely - Aboveground biomass (AB)
- Belowground biomass (BB)
- Soil organic carbon (SOC)
- Dead organic matter (DOM) and woody litter (L)
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58 Non-CO2 Gases and Sources of Non-CO2 Gases
- Non-CO2 gases estimated include
- CH4, N2O, CO and NOx
- Sources of non-CO2 gases
- N2O and CH4 from forest fires
- N2O from managed (fertilized) forests
- N2O from drainage of forest soils
- N2O and CH4 from managed wetland
- Soil emissions of N2O from land-use conversion.
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59Broad Approach and Steps in Adopting GPG 2003
- Accounts for all land-use categories and
subcategories, all carbon pools and non-CO2
gases, depending on key source/sink category
analysis - Select nationally adopted land-use classification
system (categories and sub-categories) for
inventory estimation. Each land category is
further subdivided into - Land remaining in the same category (e.g. forest
land remaining forest land) - Other land category converted to this land
category (e.g. grassland converted to forest
land).
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60Broad Approach and Steps in Adopting GPG 2003
(cont.)
- Select appropriate land classification system
most relevant to country - Conduct key source/sink category analysis to
identify the key - Land categories and subcategories
- Non-CO2 gases
- Carbon pools.
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61Steps to Adopting GPG 2003
- Select appropriate tier level for key land
categories and sub-categories, non-CO2 gases and
carbon pools, based on key category analysis as
well as resources available for the inventory
process. - Assemble required AD, depending on tier selected,
from regional, national and global databases. - Collect EF/RF, depending on tier selected, from
regional, national and global databases, forest
inventories, national greenhouse gas inventory
studies, field experiments and surveys and use of
EFDB.
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62Steps to Adopting GPG 2003
- Select method of estimation, based on tier level
selected, quantify emissions/removals for each
land-use category, carbon pool and non-CO2 gas.
Adopt default worksheet provided in GPG2003. - Estimate uncertainty.
- Adopt quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC)
procedures and report results. - Report GHG emissions and removals using the
reporting tables. - Document and archive all information used.
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63Features of Land-category-based Approach Forest
Land
- Estimates carbon stock changes and GHG
emissions/removals associated with changes in
biomass and soil organic carbon on forest land
and lands converted to forest land - Forest land remaining forest
- Land converted to forest
- Provides methodology for five carbon pools
- Links biomass and soil carbon pools for the same
land areas (at higher tiers).
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64Where ?C FFLB annual change in carbon stocks
in living biomass (includes above- and
belowground biomass) in forest land remaining
forest land, tonnes C yr-1 C t2 total carbon in
biomass calculated at time t2, tonnes C C t1
total carbon in biomass calculated at time t1,
tonnes C V merchantable volume, m3 ha-1 D
basic wood density, tonnes d.m. m-3 merchantable
volume BEF2 biomass expansion factor for
conversion of merchantable volume to aboveground
tree biomass, dimensionless.
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65Features of Land-category-based Approach
Cropland
- Provides methods for estimating carbon stock
changes in living biomass, mineral soils and in
organic soils -
- Provides methods for estimating annual N2O
emissions from mineral soils due to addition of
nitogen (in the form of fertilizer, manure and
crop residue) and nitrogen released by soil
organic matter mineralization - These categories are estimated and reported in
the agriculture sector in Revised 1996 IPCC
Guidelines.
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66Features of Land-category-based Approach
Grassland
- Methodology for estimating carbon stock changes
in living biomass and soils in grassland and
lands converted to grassland - Estimates annual change in carbon stocks in
living biomass and soil organic carbon (mineral
soils and cultivated organic soils) in grassland
remaining grassland and lands converted to
grassland - Methodology for estimating non-CO2 emissions from
vegetation fires based on area of grassland
burned, mass of available fuel, combustion
efficiency and emission factor for each GHG from
grassland remaining grassland and land converted
to grassland.
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67Features of Land-category-based Approach
Wetlands
- The GHGs estimated include CO2, CH4 and N2O
- Methodology for estimating GHGs for wetlands
remaining wetlands is given in the Appendix and
for GHGs from lands converted to wetlands in
the main text - Estimates changes in carbon stocks in lands
converted to wetlands due to peat extraction and
land converted to flooded land - Estimates N2O emissions from peatland drainage
and flooded land and CH4 emissions from flooded
land.
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68Features of Land-category-based Approach
Settlements and Other Land
- Settlements
- Provides methodology for estimating CO2 emissions
and removals for lands converted to settlements
and methodology is given in Appendix for
settlements remaining settlements - Methods for estimating annual change in carbon
stocks in living biomass in forest lands
converted to settlements based on area of land
converted and carbon stock in living biomass
immediately before and after conversion to
settlements. - Other land
- Changes in carbon stocks and non-CO2
emissions/removals need not be assessed for
category of other land remaining other land - Methodology provided for estimating annual change
in carbon stocks in land converted to other
land based on estimates of change in carbon
stocks in living biomass and SOC.
68
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69Improvements for the Future
- Non-Annex I Parties may have to
- Initiate dedicated inventory programmes
- Provide infrastructural and technical support for
sustained inventory process. - This may involve
- Organizing periodic forest inventories
- Use of satellite or remote-sensing-based land-use
maps - Development of nationally relevant
emission/removal factors. - It is likely that many NAI Parties lack resources
needed to initiate satellite-based monitoring - Obtain satellite maps from institutions such as
FAO, UNEP and NASA and undertake ground truthing.
69
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70Short-term Strategy
- Check Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines, GPG 2003,
EFDB and other global sources and select the
closest default values - Check whether any national forest inventory
studies are available (many NAI Parties have
them) and collect the growth rate data - Review the national and international literature
(web sites of FAO, CGIAR centres, universities,
books and reports) - Compile all the parameter values available from
national and international sources for the
disaggregated or stratified forest/plantation
types - Select the most appropriate AGR for each stratum
of the forest/plantation types.
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71Long-term Strategy for Improving AGR Values
- Initiate national forest inventory studies
- Disaggregate/stratify the forest/plantation types
- Adopt sampling technique as explained in GPG2003
(Chapter 3 and 4) - Adopt permanent plots with proper boundaries
marked for periodic revisits - Refer to any text book on forest mensuration or
web sites such as www.winrock.org, www.cifor.org,
etc., for methods of measurement and estimation - Estimate the standard deviation or variance.
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72Comparing Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelinesand GPG
2003
72
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73Comparison of GPG 2003 and the Revised 1996 IPCC
Guidelines
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74Key Activity Data Required for GPG 2003 and
Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines
74
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75Key Emission Factors Required for GPG 2003 and
Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines
- Emission factors common to both
- Aboveground biomass growth rate, biomass density
- Aboveground biomass stock, soil carbon density
- Fraction of biomass left to decay.
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76Conclusion and Strategy for the Future
76
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77Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines
- NAI experts and compilation and synthesis reports
by UNFCCC have identified a number of issues and
problems in using the Revised 1996 IPCC
Guidelines, including -
- Lack of clarity in the methods and inadequacies
of the methods - Lack of AD and EF
- Low quality or reliability of AD and EF
- High uncertainty of AD and EF, leading to
uncertainty in inventory estimates - Unsuitability.
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78GPG 2003
- GPG 2003 was intended to overcome some of the
methodological issues/problems identified in
using the Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines - Suggests methods to reduce uncertainty
- Suggests an improved land category and full
carbon (and non-CO2 gases) estimation based
approach and methods. - Adoption of GPG 2003 approach will lead to
- Full and consistent representation, consideration
and reporting of all land categories - Full carbon (all 5 carbon pools) estimation
- Reduced uncertainty
- Efficient use of limited inventory resources.
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79Thank you!
Consultative Group of Experts (CGE)
Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas
Inventories