FrameNet

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FrameNet

• The Quest for the Right Description of Semantics
  and Usage in the Lexicon
• OR
• Things Are Always More Complicated than You Think

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(No Transcript)
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Project Overview

• National Science Foundation funding
• Resources
• British National Corpus, some other corpora
• Specialized software tools, largely home-grown
• Product
• Frame-based descriptions of words
• Detailed, manually-applied semantic tagging of
  naturally-occurring sentences

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Whats it for?

• Natural language processing
• Word sense disambiguation
• Question answering
• Text understanding
• 2nd language learners
• Dictionary makers

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Our Description of Frames

• Simple text definition
• Frame elements
• Lexical units
• Frame-to-frame relationships

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Example 1 Color

• Question What are the frame elements?
• Frame Net is data driven, so we look at the data
  (i.e. real sentences) to find out

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(From BNC)

• 1. At once they were all around her , perching up
  on their hindlegs like scrawny otters in ltBLACKgt
  leather and chrome earbands .
• 2. For the moment I am concentrating mostly on
  the fact that I am riding under the Arctic sky ,
  a very ltBLACKgt sky , heavily overcast , being
  pulled across the ice by a team of dogs .
• 3. The stage goes pitch ltBLACKgt , The black
  resolves itself to moonlight , by which HAMLET
  approaches the sleeping ROS and GUIL .
• 4. His eyes seemed intensely ltBLACKgt , like space
  itself cold , vacant , all trace of life and
  warmth gone from them .
• 5. Golly , they say it 's about eight feet tall
  , ltBLACKgt as pitch , covered in scales ,
  breathing brimstone and smashing in the top of
  the army tank . "
• 6. Our ceiling 's ltBLACKgt from frying chips .
• 7. All the walls were ltBLACKgt on the inside .

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Resulting Definition

• A Color serves as a landmark in color-space,
  either a point-like landmark (e.g. burnt sienna)
  or a broader region (e.g. blue). Especially when
  the Color designates a broad region in
  color-space, it may be defined with a specific
  Type (pitch, azure), further specified by
  comparison to the color of a Comparand (of/as),
  modified by a Color_qualifier (light, reddish),
  ascribed to some Cause (from, with) or evaluated
  with a Descriptor (lovely). All color words are
  generally used to specify the color of some
  (physical) Entity, which exhibits the Color to
  some Degree (very, quite).

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I really like that shade of BLUE. The welts
on his side had already turned an angry
RED. The room was bathed in a soft PINK
light. They promptly set up a zillion bright
VERMILION pavilions. His face and hands were
BROWN from a life spent in the bright sun of the
fields.
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Example 2 Perception

• How many frames do we have?
• What are the frame elements?

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Breaking Things

• How many frames are there?
• What are the frame elements?

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BREAKING THINGS(Data from the BNC)

• 1. At least 40 people were killed in Bamako on 22
  March after a student demonstration was stopped
  by the security forces and riotingltbrokegt out .
• 2. Then , the artistic aims of members of the
  group were quite varied , and some personal
  animosities caused the alliance to ltbreakgt up .
• 3. Justin goes back to England for a while , and
  then , having ltbrokengt somehearts , arrives in
  the Sudan to perform his own suicide .
• 4. Its withers will never win any of the races
  Ronnie had been tellinghimself about , and he is
  reluctant to return from this long , defeated
  ,dark-thoughted walk to ltbreakgt the bad news or
  his adventure to his wife and daughters .
• 5. He has just ltbrokengt one of his records
  deliberately and is on his knees picking up the
  pieces as he talks to himself .  

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• 6. ... playing female parts at school -- until my
  voice ltbrokegt .
• 7. Once the blockade of the river leading into
  the city was ltbrokengt byEnglish ships , James
  and his besiegers lost heart and abandoned the
  siege .
• 8. There can be no question that the bishops are
  not in any way aware of this arrogation , as it
  is mediated in consciousness by their belief in ,
  and conceptualization of , a static natural law
  which is accessible , even if with difficulty ,
  to the conscience of everyman which same
  natural law no one should be allowed to violate ,
  even if in error , when that law , if ltbrokengt ,
  is seen to threaten the very moral fabric of
  society .
• 9. They can make or ltbreakgt a chef .
• 10. It was the foreigner who ltbrokegt the ice .
• 11. He inhaled sourly and ltbrokegt into a
  glutinous cough .
• 12. She had ltbrokengt her neck .
• 13. The young man had ltbrokengt the spell .
• 14. Are you completely ltbrokegt at the moment , or
  ...
• 15. Compassion 's an interesting word -- when you
  ltbreakgt it down it literally means to suffer
  with " .

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• 16. If such a risk is accepted , sooner or later
  the cable will ltbreakgt at the wrong moment and an
  accident will occur .
• 17. But Woodstock and the sunshine hippies
  ltbrokegt through the clouds of small-town
  standards , and Jay scoured the Oxfam shop for
  silk and satin and velvet .
• 18. Desiccated liver is approximately 80 protein
  and is easily ltbrokengt down and absorbed by the
  stomach .
• 19. Mark Raggett , a businessman spearheading the
  effort , said If I was to take some of these
  materials and technologies back to the Soviet
  Union , I would probably be ltbreakinggt the law .
  "
• 20. When the ovens ltbrokegt down it cost more than
  1,200 a week to buy in the necessary items

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The End

• Michael Ellsworth,
• FrameNet lackey
• infinity_at_icsi.berkeley.edu