Sugar

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Sugar
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Sugars in food AKA

• Sucrose/sucralose
• Table sugar, raw sugar, turbinado sugar
• Granulated cane sugar
• Confectioners or powdered sugar
• Brown sugar
• Invert sugar
• Maple syrup
• Polydextrose
• Maltose
• Maltodextrin

• Molasses
• Honey
• Date sugar
• Corn sweeteners
• Corn syrup/HFCS
• Fruit sugar (fructose)
• Levulose
• Fruit juice concentrate
• Concentrated fruit juice sweetener
• Glucose
• dextrose

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• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vKVsgXPt564Qfeature
  related
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vEEbRxTOyGf0
• http//abcnews.go.com/GMA/OnCall/story?id4439943
  page1

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High Fructose Corn Syrup

• What is it?
• Sweetener made from corn
• Metabolized in body similar to sugar?
• FDA Generally recognized as safe.
• Still controversial
• Does it promote obesity?
• Enhances flavor, softens texture protects
  freshness
• Being renamed Corn Sugar

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Artificial Sweeteners

• The good the bad.
• Not metabolized the same way as sugar
• Saves calories
• But
• People may end up consuming more
• Real sugar packet 1 teaspoon 16 calories

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Artificial Sweeteners

• Saccharin
• AKA Sweet Low
• One of the first substitutes approved by FDA
• Aspartame
• AKA Nutrasweet or Equal
• Approved by FDA in 1981
• Stevia
• South American shrub

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Artificial Sweeteners continued

• Sucralose
• AKA Splenda
• 600 times sweeter than sugar
• Approved by FDA in 1998
• Neotame
• 7,000 times sweeter than sugar
• FDA preliminary reports safe

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Activity

• So.. How much sugar is actually in some common
  products?
• Conversion 4 grams 1 teaspoon

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Sodas
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New York City Campaign

• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vO8g3e22ycIw
• Sodas are the 1 source of added sugar in the
  American diet!

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(Jacobson, 2005 cspinet.org)
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Soda Calories

• In General
• 12 oz Pepsi 150 calories
• 32 oz Pepsi 400 calories
• 64 oz Pepsi 800 calories

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Soda Obesity connection?

• Harvard Study
• Obesity increases significantly with each daily
  serving of sugar-sweetened soft drink.
• Soft drinks currently are the leading source of
  added sugar in the daily diet.
• It is not uncommon for teenagers to receive 500
  to 1000 calories per day from sugar-sweetened
  drinks. (David Ludwig, coauthor)
• (Gortmaker, S., Ludwig, D., (2001) Harvard
  School of Public Health)

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Soda Obesity continued

• Overall, it is easy to over-consume calories.
• Soda HFCS
• Are diet sodas healthier?

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Soda Bones

• Girls who are active
• 5x more likely to have bone fractures with soda
  consumption.
• Theory of why
• Phosphoric acid may affect calcium metabolism and
  bone mass.
• (Wyshak, G., (2000), Harvard School of Public
  Health)

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To Tax or Not to Tax?

• Would taxing soft drinks help?
• Pros
• Thoughts?