Optics

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Optics
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External Eye
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Eye Globe
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Eye Structures

• Cornea clear window, refracts light
• Anterior Chamber contains aqueous humor that
  nourishes cornea
• Iris controls amount of light

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Eye Structures

• Posterior Chamber contains aqueous humor that
  nourishes cornea
• Lens refracts light
• Vitreous Humor maintains eyeball shape

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Eye Layers

• Sclera protection (clear front is cornea)
• Choroid vascular layer
• Retina nerve layer
• - Macula Lutea
• - Fovea
• - Optic disk

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Eye Structures

• Retina changes light energy into chemical
  energy and then electrical energy
• Rods black/white vision
• Cones color vision red, blue, green

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Flow of Light

• Cornea
• Anterior Chamber
• Pupil

• Lens
• Vitreous Humor
• Retina

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Bending Light Terms

• Refraction bending light
• Concave surface with negative curve
• Convex surface with positive curve

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Ophthalmic to Optometric

• Sphere add sphere and cylinder
• Cylinder change sign
• Axis Add 90 if 90 or less, subtract 90 if
  greater than 90

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Lensometer

• Determine lens prescription
• Line up vertical and horizontal lines

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Major Disorders

• Glaucoma increased internal pressure due to
  obstruction in aqueous humor flow
• Cataract cloudy lens
• Detached Retina separation of retina from
  choroid layer

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Major Disorders

• Conjunctivitis inflammation of lining of
  eyelids
• Macular Degeneration loss of central vision
• Strabismus eyes do not track together

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Surgical Interventions

• Radial Keratotomy incisions in cornea to
  correct myopia
• Lasix reshaping inside of cornea
• Scleral Buckle band to hold retina in place