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Gas Stoichiometry Ideal Gas Law

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Gas Stoichiometry Ideal Gas Law Putting it all together Balance the following equation C8H18(l) + O2(g) CO2(g) + H20(g) 2 C8H18(l) + 25 O2(g) 16 CO2(g ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Gas Stoichiometry Ideal Gas Law


1
Gas Stoichiometry Ideal Gas Law
  • Putting it all together

2
Balance the following equation
  • C8H18(l) O2(g) ? CO2(g) H20(g)
  • 2 C8H18(l) 25 O2(g) ? 16 CO2(g) 18 H20(g)
  • Coefficients of balanced equations can be used as
    mole ratios in stoichiometry problems

3
Mass-Mass Stoichiometry
  • Problem 11.13 c (p.332)
  • Mg HCl ? H2 MgCl2
  • 60.1 g HCl

4
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5
Volume Ratio Mole Ratio
  • Problem 12.85 (p.373)
  • 4 NH3(g) 5 O2(g) ? 4 NO(g) 6 H2O(g)

6
Avogadros LawOne mole of a gas will occupy 22.4
L
  • This means that the mole ratio is the same as the
    volume ratio

7
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8
Volume Ratio Mole Ratio
  • Problem 12.85 (p.373)
  • 4 NH3(g) 5 O2(g) ? 4 NO(g) 6 H2O(g)
  • 200. L O2

9
Volume Ratio Mole Ratio
  • Problem 12.85 (p.373)
  • 4 NH3(g) 5 O2(g) ? 4 NO(g) 6 H2O(g)
  • Problem 12.81 (p.373)
  • 2 C2H2(g) 5 O2(g) ? 4 CO2(g) 2H2O(g)
  • 2.5 tanks O2

10
Gas _at_ STP
  • Problem 12.92 (p374)
  • NaN3(s) Fe2O3(s) ? Na2O(s) Fe(s) N2(g)
  • 6 NaN3(s) Fe2O3(s) ? 3 Na2O(s) 2 Fe(s) 9
    N2(g)
  • 10.6 g NaN3

11
Standard Molar Volume
  • The volume of 1.0 mole of any gas at STP is 22.4
    L.
  • This is called the standard molar volume.
  • The volume of any gas at STP can be calculated if
    the number of moles is known
  • V (moles)(22.4 L)

12
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13
Gas Not at STP
  • Problem 12.88 (p.373)
  • CaC2(s) 2 H2O(l) ? Ca(OH)2(s) C2H2(g)

14
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15
Ideal Gas Law
  • All of the variables used to describe gases can
    be compared using the Ideal Gas Law
  • The IGL is often called an equation of state, as
    it is very useful when finding some property of a
    gas at a certain condition
  • Not so great when conditions are changing
  • Entropy is another condition of state

16
Ideal Gas Law
  • PV nRT
  • P pressure
  • V volume
  • T temperature
  • n number of moles of gas
  • R Gas Constant
  • value depends on the desired unit

17
Gas Constant (R)
  • R is a constant that is used in the IGL so that
    it may be used for all gases
  • It has a different value, depending on the
    pressure unit being used in the problem

8.314 LkPa 0.0821 Latm 62.4 LmmHg
8.314 molK 0.0821 molK 62.4 molk
18
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19
Gas Not at STP
  • Problem 12.88 (p.373)
  • CaC2(s) 2 H2O(l) ? Ca(OH)2(s) C2H2(g)
  • 960 ml C2H2
  • Problem 12.90 (p.373)
  • 2 C8H18(l) 25 O2(g) ? 16 CO2(g) 18 H20(g)

20
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21
Gas Not at STP
  • Problem 12.88 (p.373)
  • CaC2(s) 2 H2O(l) ? Ca(OH)2(s) C2H2(g)
  • 960 ml C2H2
  • Problem 12.90 (p.373)
  • 2 C8H18(l) 25 O2(g) ? 16 CO2(g) 18 H20(g)
  • 837 L CO2
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