Facilities Management and Design

1
Facilities Management and Design

• Chapter 5
• Water and Wastewater systems

2
Water usage levels and patterns

• Water consumption levels vary
• Type of hotel
• Location
• Facilities
• Managerial attention to water usage
• Larger properties use more water per room than
  smaller
• As the level of services increases, so does water
  consumption
• On-site laundry
• Kitchens
• Irrigation
• Cooling towers

3
The basic structure of water systems

• Deduct metersno disposal charges on cooling
  towers, irrigation, swimming pool
• Subsystems and isolation devices
• Fire systems
• Potable systems
• Hot/ Cold
• Equipment/ Human use
• Backflow preventers
• Building water system pipes
• galvanized iron
• Steel
• Copper
• Plastic (PVC, CPVC)
• Contain water under pressure

4
The basic structure of wastewater systems

• Storm sewer system (rainwater)
• Sanitary sewer system (removal of waste products)
• Grease separator or grease trap
• Facility owned sewage systems
• septic tanks
• treatment plants
• Plumbing risers
• sewer gas traps
• Vents
• Pipe insulation (to prevent heat loss,
  condensation)

5
Water quality problems

• Potability
• Bacteria
• Nitrates
• Trace metals
• Organic chemicals

• Aesthetics
• Color
• Odor
• Taste
• Clearness
• Mineral content
• Acidity/alkalinity
• Legionnaires' Disease
• bacterial growth in cooling towers

6
Water heating

• Heating cost exceeds water cost
• Safety equipment - proper installation
• (mixing valves)
• Separate water heaters/boosters for kitchen needs
• Dedicated water heating systems for laundry
  operations

7
Water heating options

• Traditional options
• directly fired water heaters
• indirectly fired water heaters
• Non-traditional options
• heat pump water heaters
• waste heat recovery
• solar energy

8
Water system maintenance issues

• Treating water to make it appropriate to the
  application need
• replacing sacrificial anodes
• cleaning filters and strainers
• lubricating pumps
• checking hot water temperature settings
• checking pressure relief valves
• repair of leaking valves
• general caulking, sealing
• water heater inspections
• wastewater system clearing
• inspecting and cleaning gutters, roof drains,
  site drainage

9
Water for entertainment and recreational purposes

• Landscaping elements
• Fountains
• Ponds/ Lakes
• Streams
• Recreation
• Swimming pools
• Slides

10
Pool maintenance

• Involves cleaning the pool, equipment, and water
• Skimming
• Vacuuming
• Brushing
• Lime buildup removal
• Equipment pumps, filters
• Water pH level 7.2 to 7.6
• Chlorine and algicide control algae
• Pool heating

11
Water conservation

• encouraged by rising costs, decreasing
  availability, and government restrictions on
  water usage
• Conservation strategies
• low-flow shower heads (check guest reaction)
• re-use of water (gray water)
• careful control of landscape irrigation
• foot-operated faucets in kitchens
• keeping up with basic maintenance on water systems