Intro to Northern Baroque

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Intro to Northern Baroque
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NORTHERN EUROPE

• The intense creativity during the Northern
  Renaissance is ended by the Reformation but will
  again have a resurgence
• Led by the House of Orange, the northern
  Netherlands gains independence from Spain and
  becomes a Protestant nation with their own
  artistic sensibilities
• Southern Netherlands (Flanders) remains under
  Spanish control, this means Flemish artists
  retain close ties to the Baroque art of Spain and
  Italy

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THE GOLDEN AGE OF DUTCH ART

• No Pope or absolute ruler
• Who are the patrons???
• Portraits, still lifes, landscapes, and genre
  scenes

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REMBRANDT VAN RIJN

• Well-educatedstudies with painter who worked in
  Rome
• His wife, Saskia, dies after only 8 years of
  marriage and three of his children die in
  infancyonly Titus survives to adulthood
• Falls into financial troublelives beyond his
  means
• At times, taught many of the more well-known
  Dutch painters
• Made money with portraits but loved historical,
  Biblical paintings
• ETCHINGS!

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REMBRANDT VAN RIJN, Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Tulp,
1632. Oil on canvas, 5 3 3/4 x 7 1 1/4.
Mauritshuis, The Hague.
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Criminal strangled that day for robbery
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REMBRANDT VAN RIJN, The Company of Captain Frans
Banning Cocq (Night Watch), 1642. Oil on canvas
(cropped from original size), 11 11 x 14 4.
Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam.
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THE NIGHT WATCH

• Was once thought to be a night scene because of
  the old varnish and dense layer of grime
• Cleaned in 1975-76

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Rembrandt Three Crosses (1st state) 1653
drypoint and etching
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REMBRANDT VAN RIJN, Self-Portrait, 1658
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REMBRANDT VAN RIJN, Self-Portrait, ca.
16591660. Oil on canvas, approx. 3 8 3/4 x
3 1. Kenwood House, London
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FRANZ HALS

• His style is realism with influence from
  Caravaggio and a dash of Velazquez
• Halsgroup portraits (each payed a portion of the
  )
• Officers of guilds, militia companies, and
  charities
• Chose to capture the sitters most characteristic
  expression and with groups, tried to achieve a
  dynamic composition

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Franz Hals Catharina Hooft and Her Nurse c. 1620
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I have a golden rattle and you dont!
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FRANS HALS, Officers of the Haarlem Militia
Company, ca. 1627. Oil on canvas, approx. 6 9 x
11. Frans Halsmuseum, Haarlem.
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FRANS HALS, Archers of Saint Hadrian, ca. 1633.
Oil on canvas, approx. 6 9 x 11. Frans
Halsmuseum, Haarlem.
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FRANS HALS, The Women Regents of the Old Mens
Home at Haarlem, 1664. Oil on canvas, 5 7 x 8
2. Frans Halsmuseum, Haarlem.
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Hi!, Im an actual Franz Hals and you can see me
FREE _at_ the Timken Museum in Balboa Park!
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JUDITH LEYSTER, Self-Portrait, ca. 1630. Oil on
canvas, 2 5 3/8 x 2 1 5/8. National Gallery
of Art, Washington, D.C.
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JUDITH LEYSTER

• Was mentioned in a book of artists at the
  timewell known but then forgotten
• Had three male apprenticeseven sued Hals for
  stealing one away from her!
• Most of Leyster's dated works are from 1629-1635,
  which coincides with the period before she had
  children

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RACHEL RUYSCH, Flower Still Life, after 1700.
Oil on canvas, 2 5 3/4 x 1 11 7/8. The
Toledo Museum of Art, Toledo
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RACHEL RUYSCH

• Well-known for painting flower still lifes
  (father was a professor of anatomy and botany)
• 70 year career in artone of the most
  sought-after and highest paid (she was paid twice
  the price of a Rembrandt!)
• Flower studies came into vogue because of new
  gains in botany
• Vanitas
• Combo of fresh flower sketches