Rigging Hazard Awareness

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Rigging Hazard Awareness

• Between the trolley hook and the load is RIGGING
• Ropes, Slings, Chains
• Slings inspected daily
• Proper storage when not in use
• Suitable protection of rigging when in use (items
  with sharp corners, etc..)

2
Rules for Rigging Safety

• Know the weight of the load
• Know the center of gravity of the load.
• Make load attachment above the center of gravity
  of the load.
• Select hitch that will hold and control.
• Know the rated capacity of slings and hardware.

3
Rules for Rigging Safety

• Select sling best suited for load.
• Inspect all rigging before the lift.
• Protect sling from sharp surfaces
• Proper calculation of increased tension caused by
  sling angles (on all rigging components!).

4
Rules for Rigging Safety

• Allow for D/d ratio on all wire rope slings.
• Calculate reductions when using choker hitch.
• Keep personnel clear from lift area.
• Lift load a few inches then check rigging
• Know limitations of all lifting devices used.
• Lift slowly and stop slowly

5
Rigging equipment for material handling

• Rigging equipment inspections (By a Competent
  Person)
• Prior to use on each shift
• As necessary during its use to ensure that it is
  safe
• Defective rigging equipment removed from service
• Not be loaded in excess of its recommended safe
  working load

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Rigging equipment for material handling

• Custom design grabs, hooks, clamps, or other
  lifting accessories, for such units as modular
  panels, prefabricated structures and similar
  materials
• Marked to indicate the safe working loads
• Be proof-tested prior to use to 125 percent of
  their rated load

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Rigging equipment for material handling

• Alloy steel chains
• Welded alloy steel chain slings
• Permanently affixed durable identification
  stating
• Size
• Grade
• Rated capacity
• Sling manufacturer

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Rigging equipment for material handling

• Alloy steel chains
• Job or shop hooks and links, or makeshift
  fasteners, formed from bolts, rods, etc., or
  other such attachments, shall not be used

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Rigging equipment for material handling

• Four grades
• Grade 28 General Utility Chain
• Grade 43 High Test Chain
• Grade 70 Binding Chain
• Grade 80 Alloy Steel Chain The only one used for
  overhead lifting

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Rigging equipment for material handling

• Alloy steel chains
• Inspections
• Frequent
• Visual examination by the user
• Periodic
• Complete link by link inspection of the entire
  sling and all attachments.
• Documented

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Rigging equipment for material handling

• Alloy steel chains
• CP inspections made based on
• Frequency of sling use
• Severity of service conditions
• Nature of lifts being made and
• Experience gained on the service life of slings
  used in similar circumstances.
• Such inspections at least once a year
• Documented available

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Rigging equipment for material handling

• Wire rope slings
• Protruding ends of strands in splices on slings
  and bridles covered or blunted
• Wire rope shall not be secured by knots
• Except for eye splices in the ends of wires and
  for endless rope slings, each wire rope used in
  hoisting or lowering, or in pulling loads, shall
  consist of one continuous piece without knot or
  splice

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Rigging equipment for material handling
Mechanical Splice
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Rigging equipment for material handling
Hand Tucked Eye Splice
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Rigging equipment for material handling
Swaged Forged Eye
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Rigging equipment for material handling
Illegal Pig Tail
Mechanical Splice
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Rigging equipment for material handling

• Wire rope slings
• Shall not be shortened with knots or bolts or
  other makeshift devices.
• Legs shall not be kinked
• Basket hitch shall have the loads balanced to
  prevent slippage
• Padded or protected from the sharp edges

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Rigging equipment for material handling

• Wire rope
• Hands or fingers shall not be placed between the
  sling and its load while the sling is being
  tightened around the load
• A sling shall not be pulled from under a load
  when the load is resting on the sling

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Rigging equipment for material handling
D/d Ratio
D - is diameter around which sling is bent. d -
is diameter of the sling.
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Rigging equipment for material handling

• When U-bolt wire rope clips used to form eyes
• U-bolt shall be applied so that the "U" section
  is in contact with the dead end of the rope

Never saddle a dead horse
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Rigging equipment for material handling

• Synthetic webbing (nylon, polyester, and
  polypropylene).
• The employer shall have each synthetic web sling
  marked or coded to show
• Name or trademark of manufacturer
• Rated capacities for the type of hitch
• Type of material
• Rated capacity shall not be exceeded

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Rigging equipment for material handling

• Synthetic webbing (nylon, polyester, and
  polypropylene)
• Remove from service immediately if
• Acid or caustic burns
• Melting or charring of any
• part of the sling surface
• Snags, punctures, tears
• or cuts
• Broken or worn stitches
• Distortion of fittings

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Rigging equipment for material handling

• Shackles and hooks
• Manufacturers identification
• Never weld on hooks or shackles
• Working safety latch on hooks

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Rigging equipment for material handling
Not Recommended
Recommended
Recommended
Screw Pin Anchor Shackle
Round Pin Anchor Shackle
Bolt Type Anchor Shackle
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Rigging equipment for material handling
Never replace a shackle pin with a bolt.
The load will bend the bolt.
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Rigging equipment for material handling
Proper chocking of shackles.
Avoid eccentric loads.
Good
Bad
Bad
Good
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Rigging equipment for material handling
Check cracks, bending and twisting
Check wear
Check wear and straightness
Pin always seated
Check opening width
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Rigging equipment for material handling
Hooks are designed to apply the load at the
bottom of the saddle.
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Rigging equipment for material handling
Check for Wear and Deformation
Signs of Opening Up
Check for Cracks and Twisting
15
10º
Check that Hook is Not Twisted
Check for Wear and Cracks
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Rigging equipment for material handling
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Rigging equipment for material handling
Approximately 70-80 of a straight pull
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Rigging equipment for material handling
90 basket hitch is approximately twice the
capacity of a straight pull
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How horizontal angle affects slings capacity
90?
60
30
45
Note A good operating practice is to keep sling
angles from going below 60 degrees
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Rigging equipment for material handling

• Calculating the load on sling legs
• Divide the total load by the number of sling legs
• This quotient is the load on each leg if vertical
• Measure the sling from the load attachment point,
  to the point where it connects with the hook or
  lifting device this is L
• Measure the vertical height from the top of the
  load to the hook or lifting device this is H
• Divide the length of the leg by the height of the
  sling

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L
H
LOAD
Load ? Number of legs) X (L ? H) Load each
sling leg
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Example

• Load 120,000 pounds
• 4 load legs 120,000 equals 30,000 pounds each
  leg if vertical hitch
• Sling legs are 20 feet
• Height from top of load to lifting device is 15
  feet
• 20 15 1.33
• Load on each leg is 1.33 x 30,000 40,000 pounds

20'
15'
120,000 lb.
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Center of Gravity

• A load is stable when
• The hook is directly above the center of gravity
  of the load
• Estimate the center of gravity
• Lift the load just enough to clear the ground
• If the hook is not over the center of gravity the
  hook will travel to the center of gravity

CG?
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Center of Gravity

• If necessary, set the load down and adjust the
  rigging
• If the load tips more than 3, the rigging should
  be adjusted
• The longer the sling legs, the more stable the
  load will be

B
The longer set of sling legs (B) will improve
load stability
A
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Disposal of waste materials

• Materials are dropped more than 20 feet to any
  point lying outside the exterior walls of the
  building
• enclosed chute

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Disposal of waste materials
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Disposal of waste materials
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Disposal of waste materials

• Debris dropped through holes in the floor without
  the use of chutes
• Completely enclosed with barricades not less than
  42 inches high
• Not less than 6 feet back from the projected edge
  of the opening above
• Signs warning of falling materials shall be
  posted at each level
• Removal shall not be permitted in this lower
  area until debris handling ceases above

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Disposal of waste materials

• Scrap lumber, waste material, and rubbish
• Removed from the immediate work area as the work
  progresses.
• Disposal of waste material or debris by burning
• Comply with local fire regulations
• All solvent waste, oily rags, and flammable
  liquids
• Kept in fire resistant covered containers until
  removed from worksite

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Questions