Water Energy

1
Water Energy
Quick Links

• Usayd Younis
• Thomas Hart
• Jamie Stanger
• Edward Hill

Hydroelectric
Tidal
Wave
2
Introduction

• What do we want to do?
• We are making a presentation to show the
  different types of water energy that can be used
  in exchange for the fossil fuels that are
  polluting the earth and are soon going to expire.
• The three types of energy we will be showing are
  Hydroelectric, Tidal and Wave.

3
Hydroelectric
Hydroelectric power is electricity that is
supplied by generating energy from falling or
streaming water. Hydroelectric power is a
so-called renewable energy source. This means
that the source, which provides the energy, can
be renewed. This is because, unlike non-renewable
energy sources such as crude oil, we will not run
out of water fully. It can be renewed after we
have used it for energy generation.
4
Hydroelectric

• Pros
• Hydropower has a moderate to high amount of
  useful energy and fairly low operating and
  maintenance costs. Hydroelectric power plants
  emit very little heat-trapping carbon dioxide and
  other air pollutants during operation. They have
  live spans of two to ten times those of coal and
  nuclear plants. The dams that are used in the
  power plants help prevent flooding and supply a
  regulated flow of irrigation water to the areas
  below the dam.

5
Hydroelectric

• Cons
• There are some drawbacks to the use of
  hydroelectric power. A hydroelectric power plant
  takes up a lot of space and this may cause animal
  habitats to go lost. Large-scale projects can
  threaten recreational activities and disrupt the
  flows of rivers. Due to the presence of dams and
  reservoirs, fish may not be able to swim to sea
  and aquatic life may decrease in the area of the
  hydroelectric power plant.

6
Hydroelectric

• Political
• Hydroelectric power supplies about 20 of the
  world's electricity, and 6 of its total
  commercial energy.This is an indication of the
  total electricity supply by hydroelectric power
  in several different countries- 99 in Norway-
  75 in New Zealand- 50 in developing
  countries- 25 in China- 13 in the USA
• 3,500 jobs for workers in power stations.

7
Tidal

• Tidal power works rather like a hydro-electric
  scheme, except that the dam is much bigger.
• A huge dam (called a "barrage") is built across a
  river estuary. When the tide goes in and out, the
  water flows through tunnels in the dam.
• The ebb and flow of the tides can be used to turn
  a turbine, or it can be used to push air through
  a pipe, which then turns a turbine. Large lock
  gates, like the ones used on canals, allow ships
  to pass.

8
Tidal

• Pros
• Once you've built the dam, tidal power is free.
• It produces no greenhouse gases or other waste.
• It needs no fuel.
• It produces electricity reliably.
• Not expensive to maintain.
• Tides are totally predictable.

9
Tidal

• Cons
• Very expensive to build.
• Affects a very wide area - the environment is
  changed for many miles upstream and downstream.
  Many birds rely on the tide uncovering the mud
  flats so that they can feed.
• Only provides power for around 10 hours each day,
  when the tide is actually moving in or out.
• There are very few suitable sites for tidal power
  stations.

10
Tidal

• Political
• The tide moves a huge amount of water twice each
  day, and harnessing it could provide a great deal
  of energy - around 20 of Britain's needs.
  Although the energy supply is reliable and
  plentiful, converting it into useful electrical
  power is not easy. There are eight main sites
  around Britain where tidal power stations could
  usefully be built, including the Severn, Dee,
  Solway and Humber estuaries. Only around 20 sites
  in the world have been identified as possible
  tidal power stations.

11
Wave
There are several methods of getting energy from
waves, but one of the most effective works like a
swimming pool wave machine in reverse. At a
swimming pool, air is blown in and out of a
chamber beside the pool, which makes the water
outside bob up and down, causing waves. At a
wave power station, the waves arriving cause the
water in the chamber to rise and fall, which
means that air is forced in and out of the hole
in the top of the chamber.
12
Wave

• Pros
• The energy is free - no fuel needed, no waste
  produced.
• Not expensive to operate and maintain.
• Can produce a great deal of energy.

13
Wave

• Cons
• Depends on the waves - sometimes you'll get loads
  of energy, sometimes nothing.
• Needs a suitable site, where waves are
  consistently strong.
• Some designs are noisy.
• Must be able to withstand very rough weather.

14
Wave

• Political
• At present, the main stumbling block to
  deployment of wave energy devices is funding. The
  Government has a very important role to play if
  this industry is to be given the chance to fulfil
  its potential. The capital costs are the problem,
  as it is hard to get companies to invest in
  technologies that have not yet been completely
  proved. Similar to other forms of renewable
  energy sources such as wind and solar, the fuel
  is free for the complete lifetime of the scheme.

15
Conclusion

• We have shown how these three types of energy can
  help the world and the environment to develop a
  healthier environment to stop harming the ozone
  layer. You have also now learnt how Wave, Tidal
  and Hydroelectric energy methods work to generate
  better electricity.