ANCIENT EGYPTIAN ART

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ANCIENT EGYPTIAN ART
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CHRONOLOGY

• Predynastic Period 5,000 2,950 BCE
• Early Dynastic Egypt 2,950 2,575 BCE
• The Old Kingdom 2,575 2,150 BCE
• The Middle Kingdom 1,975 1,640 BCE
• The New Kingdom 1,539 1,075 BCE

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CREATION MYTH
At first, there was only Nun. Nun was the dark
waters of chaos.
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One day, a hill rose up out of the waters. This
hill was called Ben-Ben.
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On this hill stood Atum, the first god.
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Atum coughed and spat out Shu, the god of the
air, and Tefnut, the goddess of moisture.
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Shu and Tefnut had two children. First, there
was Geb, the god of the earth. Then, there was
Nut, the goddess of the sky. Shu lifted Nut up
so that she became a canopy over Geb.
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Nut and Geb had four children named Osiris,
Isis, Seth and Nephthys. Osiris was the king of
the earth and Isis was the queen. Osiris was a
good king, and he ruled over the earth for many
years.
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However, everything was not well. Seth was
jealous of Osiris because he wanted to be the
ruler of the earth. He grew angrier and angrier
until one day he killed Osiris. Osiris went down
into the underworld and Seth remained on earth
and became king.
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Osiris and Isis had one son called Horus. Horus
battled against Seth and regained the throne.
After that, Horus was the king of the earth and
Osiris was the king of the underworld. The End
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CANON OF PROPORTIONS
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Title The Narmer Palette Medium Green
schist Size height 25" (64 cm) Date Early
Dynastic period, c. 29502775 BCE Source/Museum
Hierakonpolis / Egyptian Museum, Cairo
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Architect Imhotep Title Funerary complex of
Djoser, Saqqara Medium Limestone Size height of
pyramid 204' (62 m)
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Title Great Pyramids, Giza Medium Granite and
limestone Size height of pyramid of Khufu, 450'
(137 m) Date Fourth Dynasty, c. 25752450
BCE Source/Museum Erected by (from the left)
Menkaure, Khafre, and Khufu
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Title Model of the Giza plateau. From left to
right the temples and pyramids of Menkaure,
Khafre, and Khufu. (number 4 is the valley temple
of Menkaure number 5 is the valley temple and
Sphinx of Khafre.)
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Title Khafre Medium Anorthosite gneiss Size
height 5' 6?" (1.68 m) Date Fourth Dynasty
(ruled c. 25202494 BCE) Source/Museum Giza,
Valley Temple of Khafre / Egyptian Museum, Cairo
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Title Menkaure and a Queen (perhaps his wife
Khamerernebty) Medium Graywacke with traces of
red and black paint Size height 54½" (142.3
cm) Date Fourth Dynasty (ruled 24902472
BCE) Source/Museum from Giza / Museum of Fine
Arts, Boston Harvard UniversityMFA Expedition
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Title Pepy Ii and His Mother, Queen
Ankhnes-Meryre Medium Egyptian alabaster Size
height 15¼ X 9 13/16" (39.2 X 24.9 cm) Date
Sixth Dynasty, c. 23232152 BCE (ruled. c.
22462152 BCE). Source/Museum The Brooklyn
Museum of Art, New York. Charles Edwin Wilbour
Fund (39.119)
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Title Seated Scribe Medium Painted limestone
with inlaid eyes of rock crystal calcite and
magnesite mounted in copper Size height 21" (53
cm) Date Fifth Dynasty, c. 24502325
BCE Source/Museum found near the tomb of Kai,
Saqqara. Musée du Louvre, Paris
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Title Ti Watching a Hippopotamus Hunt Medium
Painted limestone relief Size height approx. 45"
(114.3 cm) Date Fifth Dynasty, c. 24502325
BCE Source/Museum Tomb of Ti, Saqqara
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Title Head of Senusret III Medium Yellow
quartzite Size height 17¾ X 13½ X 17" (45.1 X
34.3 X 43.2 cm) Date Twelfth Dynasty, c.
19381755 BCE (ruled c. 18361818
BCE) Source/Museum The Nelson-Atkins Museum of
Art, Kansas City, Missouri. Purchase Nelson
Trust (62-11)
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Title Rock-cut tombs, Beni Hasan. Date Twelfth
Dynasty, c. 19381755 BCE
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Title Pectoral of Senusret II Medium Gold and
semiprecious stones Size length 3¼" (8.2
cm) Date Twelfth Dynasty, c 19381755 (ruled c
18421837 BCE) Source/Museum Tomb of Princess
Sithathoryunet, el-Lahun. / The Metropolitan
Museum of Art, New York. Purchase, Rogers Fund
and Henry Walters Gift, 1916 (16.1.3)
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Title Hippopotamus Medium Faience Size length
7?" (20 cm) Date Twelfth Dynasty, c. 19381755
BCE Source/Museum Tomb of Senbi (tomb B.3),
Meir. / The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.
Gift of Edward S. Harkness, 1917 (17.9.1)
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Title Stele of Amenemhat I Medium Painted
limestone Size 11 X 15" (30 X 50 cm) Date
Twelfth Dynasty, c. 19381755 (ruled c. 19381908
BCE) Source/Museum Assasif. / Egyptian Museum,
Cairo. The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.
Excavation 191516
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Title Plan of the northern section of Kahun,
built during the reign of Senusret II. Near
modern El-Lahun. Dynasty 12, c. 18801874 BCE
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Title The ruins of the Great Temple of Amun, at
Karnak, Egypt
New Kingdom, c. 15791075 BCE
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Title Flower and bud columns, hypostyle hall,
Great Temple of Amun. Karnak Nineteenth Dynasty,
C. 12921190 BCE
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Architect Thutmose Title Funerary temple of
Hatshepsut, Deir El-Bahri Date Eighteenth
Dynasty, c. 14731458 BCE(At the far left, ramp
and base of the funerary temple of Mentuhotep
III. Eleventh Dynasty, c. 20091997 BCE)
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Title Akhenaten, Colossal Figure
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Title Akhenaten and His Family Medium Painted
limestone relief Size 12¼ X 15¼" (31.1 X 38.7
cm) Date Eighteenth Dynasty, c. 13531336
BCE Source/Museum Akhetaten (present-day Tell
el-Amarna)
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Title Queen Tiy Medium Boxwood, ebony, glass,
silver, gold, lapis lazuli, cloth, clay, and
wax Size height 3 ¾" (9.4 cm) Date Eighteenth
Dynasty, c. 1352 BCE Source/Museum Kom Medinet
el-Ghurab (near el-Lahun)
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Title Nefertiti Medium Painted Limestone Size
height 20" (51 cm) Date Eighteenth Dynasty, c.
13531336 BCE Source/Museum Akhetaten (modern
Tell el-Amarna)
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Title Inner Coffin of Tutankhamuns
Sarcophagus Medium Gold inlaid with glass and
semiprecious stones Size height 6'?" (1.85 m),
weight nearly 243 pounds (110.4 kg) Date
Eighteenth Dynasty, 13321322 BCE Source/Museum
Tomb of Tutankhamun, Valley of the Kings, near
Deir el-Bahri / Egyptian Museum, Cairo
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Title Funerary mask of Tutankhamun Medium Gold
inlaid with glass and semiprecious stones Size
Height 21¼" (54.5 cm) Weight 24 pounds (11 kg)
Date Eighteenth Dynasty (Tutankhamun, ruled
13321322 BCE), c. 1327 BCE Source/Museum
Egyptian Museum, Cairo
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Title Temple of Rameses II, at Abu SimbelDate
Nineteenth Dynasty, c. 12791213 BCE
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Title Temple of Rameses II, Interior
Title Detail of Nefertari and Ramsess Leg
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Title Temple of Rameses II (Left) and Nefertari
(Right), at Abu Simbel Date Nineteenth Dynasty,
12791213 BCE
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Title The Rosetta Stone Date 196 BCE
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• Hieroglyphs symbols inscriptions on monuments
• Hieratic simplified hieroglyphs religious
  documents
• Demotic less formal, cursive hieroglyphs
  everyday documents
• Coptic Egyptian language written in Greek
  characters

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Title Queen Nefertari Making an offering to
Isis Medium Wall painting Date Nineteenth
Dynasty, 12901224 BCE Source/Museum In the tomb
of Nefertari, Valley of the Queens, near Deir
el-Bahri
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Title Judgment of Hunefer before Osiris Medium
Painted papyrus Size height 15?" (39.8 cm) Date
Nineteenth Dynasty, c. 1285 BCE Source/Museum
Illustration From a Book of The Dead. The British
Museum, London
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Title Mummy wrapping of a young boy Medium
Linen wrappings with gilded stucco buttons and
inserted portrait in encaustic on wood Size
height of mummy 53?" (133 cm) portrait 9½ X 6½"
(24 X 16.5 cm) Date Roman period, c. 100120
CE Source/Museum Hawara / The British Museum,
London
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