Constructivism in the Mathematics Classroom

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Constructivism in the Mathematics Classroom

• EDN 322

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Constructing Knowledge

• Knowledge is not passively received
• Students create new mathematical knowledge by
  reflecting on their physical and mental actions
• Learning reflects a social process

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Piaget - 4 Stages of Development

• 1. Sensorimotor - Birth-2 years
• 2. Preoperational - 2-7 years
• 3. Concrete Operations - 7-11 years
• 4. Formal Operations - 11-16 years

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Sensorimotor Stage

• Birth 2 years old
• Develops a set of concepts about reality and how
  it works
• At the beginning of this stage, children do not
  have object permanence

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Preoperational Stage

• Ages 2-7
• Unable to think abstractly- needs concrete
  physical situations

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Concrete Operations

• Ages 7-11
• Build logical structures that explain physical
  experiences
• Abstract problem solving is possible at this
  stage

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Formal Operations

• Beginning at ages 11-15
• Cognitive structure are like those of an adult
  and include conceptual reasoning

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Organization of Schema

• Assimilation
• Accommodation

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Vygotsky - ZPD

• The gap between a childs apparent developmental
  level (independent problem solving) and a
  somewhat higher level of potential development,
  as determined with the guidance of a more
  experienced person

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Lev Vygotsky - ZPD