Rice

1
Rice
2
Leading States

• 1. Arkansas
• 2. California
• 3. Louisiana
• 4. Texas
• 5. Mississippi
• 6. Missouri

3
Botany

• Height up to 6 feet
• Inflorescence is a loose terminal panicle
• Panicle consisting of 1 flowered spikelet
• Flower is self pollinating
• Each flower will produce 100-150 seeds
• Seeds are in hulls
• Kernels vary in length 3.5 8 mm
• Kernels may be hard, semihard, or soft textured.

4
Commercial Classes

• Are determined by length
• Short 5.5 mm
• Medium 6.6 mm
• Long 7-8 mm
• Types
• Japonica short, stiff, lodging-resistant
  stalks.
• Indica taller weaker stems that lodge under
  heavy fert.

5
Commercial Classes

• Maturity
• Early 120 129 days
• Mid season 130 139 days
• Late 140 or more days

6
Cultural Practices

• Conventional Tillage
• Disc
• Planed
• Laser 2/10th grade
• Levee
• Water Culture
• Field is graded to 0 slope or .01-.02 slope
• Rolled to create surface texture to prevent seed
  drift

7
Cultural Practices

• No-Till Minimum Tillage
• The producer must drill in the crop.
• Corrugated Tillage
• The 2nd. Disking runs the same direction as the
  irrigation flow. Internal levees are not
  constructed.

8
Seeding

• Broadcasters
• Drills plant 1-2 deep
• Airplanes
• Flood to kill weeds
• Flood 4-6 inches
• Soak seeds and then dry
• Air 99-130 lbs/ac, In CA up to 164 lbs/ac

9
Fertilization

• N, 30-100 lbs./ac
• The bulk of the fertilizer is done 30-70 days
  after seeding.

10
Growth and Development

• Rice is a warm season crop, 700F or higher
• It does not do well in high humidity, due to
  disease.
• It likes heavy soils
• It likes pH ranges between 4.5 7.5

11
Weed management

• Flooding
• Crop rotation
• Herbicides such as Bolero, Ordram, Londax.

12
Diseases

• Seedling blight
• Brown leaf spot
• Narrow brown leaf spot
• Blast
• Stem rot

13
Insects

• Rice stink bug
• Rice stalk bore
• Sugarcane bore
• Sugarcane beetle

14
Harvesting

• Grain moisture 23 - 28

15
Milling

• Rough rice
• Parboiled rice
• Milled rice
• Brown rice
• Head rice
• Second head rice
• Brewers rice
• Polished rice

16
Byproducts of milling

• Rice hulls
• Rice bran
• Rice polish
• Rice straw
• Rice flour

17
Rice Grades

• USDA grades are 1-6
• Grades are determined by heat damage paddy
  kernels, Chalky kernels, Broken kernels, other
  types, Color, Minimum milling requirements.

18
Sub classes

• Look at table 20-4