GROUPS

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GROUPS

• KEY THEMES FROM TEXT

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Group life

• Psychological and physical health
• Solitary confinement, shunning are severe
  punishments

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Basic Terms

• Expressive vs. instrumental ties
• Primary group vs. secondary group (or primary
  ties vs. secondary ties)

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Primary groups

• Socialization
• Social needs met (companionship, love, security,
  well being)
• Instruments of social control (shunning)

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In-groups vs. Out-groups

• In-group provides us with social identity
• Outsiders prevented from entering the social
  sphere of the in-group
• Minimal group paradigm

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Reference Group

• Not necessarily the membership group
• Reference group provides both normative and
  comparative functions (take on group values, use
  group standards to appraise ourselves)

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Relative deprivation

• When membership group does not match reference
  group
• Sometimes motive for change

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Group size

• Dyads vs triads

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Small Groups

• Task specialist (instrumental leader) vs.
  social-emotional specialist (expressive leader)

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Managerial Styles

• 1. Authoritarian style
• 2. Democratic style
• 3. Laissez-faire style

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Social loafing

• Less work gets done in group than when alone

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Social Dilemmas

• Collective vs individual goals

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Group think and conformity