Figure 29.0 Ferns

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Figure 29.0 Ferns
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Table 29.1 Ten Phyla of Extant Plants
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Figure 29.1 Some highlights of plant evolution
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Figure 29.2 Charophyceans Chara (top),
Coleochaete orbicularis (bottom)
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Figure 29.2x Chara
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Figure 29.3 Apical meristems of plant shoots and
roots
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Figure 29.4 Embryos of land plants Marchantia
(left), Shepherd's purse (right)
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Figure 29.6 Alternation of generations a
generalized scheme
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Figure 29.7 A fern spore
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Figure 29.8 Sporangium of a hornwort (a
bryophyte) sporophyte
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Figure 29.9 Gametangia Archegonium of
Marchantia (left), Anteridium of a hornwort
(right)
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Figure 29.10 Cuticle of a stem from Psilotum (a
pteridophyte)
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Figure 29.11 The stem of Polypodium, a fern (a
pteridophyte)
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Figure 29.11 Xylem and phloem in the stem of
Polypodium, a fern (a pteridophyte)
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Figure 29.12 Fossilized spores and sporophyte
tissue
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Figure 29.13 A hypothetical mechanism for the
origin of alternation of generations in the
ancestor of plants
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Figure 29.14 Three clades that are candidates
for designation as the plant kingdom
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Figure 29.15 Bryophytes
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Figure 29.15x1 Hornwort
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Figure 29.15x2 Quillwort
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Figure 29.16 The life cycle of Polytrichum, a
moss (Layer 1)
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Figure 29.16 The life cycle of Polytrichum, a
moss (Layer 2)
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Figure 29.16 The life cycle of Polytrichum, a
moss (Layer 3)
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Figure 29.16x Moss life cycle
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Figure 29.x1 Polytrichum moss leaf section
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Figure 29.17 Sporophyte of Marchantia, a
liverwort
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Figure 29.18 A moss sporangium with a
spore-shaker tip
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Figure 29.19 Sphagnum, or peat moss Peat bog in
Oneida County, Wisconsin (top), closeup of
Sphagnum (bottom left), Sphagnum "leaf" (bottom
right)
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Figure 29.19x A peat moss bog in Norway
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Figure 29.20 Cooksonia, a vascular plant of the
Siluria
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Figure 29.21 Pteridophytes club "moss" (top
left), whisk fern (top right), horsetail (bottom
left), fern (bottom right)
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Figure 29.21x1 Lycophyte
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Figure 29.21x2 Horsetail
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Figure 29.22 Hypotheses for the evolution of
leaves
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Figure 29.23 The life cycle of a fern
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Figure 29.23x1 Life cycle of a fern mature fern
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Figure 29.23x2 Life cycle of a fern sorus
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Figure 29.23x3 Life cycle of a fern sporangium
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Figure 29.23x4 Life cycle of a fern mature
sporangium
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Figure 29.23x5 Life cycle of a fern germinating
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Figure 29.23x6 Life cycle of a fern gametophyte
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Figure 29.23x7 Life cycle of a fern archegonia
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Figure 29.23x8 Life cycle of a fern sporophytes
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Figure 29.24a Fern sporophyll, a leaf
specialized for spore production
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Figure 29.24b Fern sporophyll, a leaf
specialized for spore production
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Figure 29.24c Fern sporophyll, a leaf
specialized for spore production
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Figure 29.25 Artists conception of a
Carboniferous forest based on fossil evidence