EAR

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EAR
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Outer Ear

• Function
• Pinna
• External auditory meatus (canal)
• Ceruminous glands
• Tympanic membrane
• Eardrum

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Middle Ear

• Auditory Eustachian tube
• Ossicles
• Malleus
• Incus
• Stapes
• Oval window
• Round window

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Inner Ear

• Osseous labyrinth filled with perilymph
• Membranous labyrinth filled with endolymph

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Inner Ear

• Vestibule
• Utricle
• Saccule

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Inner Ear

• Semicircular canals
• Semicircular ducts

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Inner Ear

• Cochlea
• Vestibular Membrane
• Basilar membrane
• Cochlear duct (endolymph)

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Inner Ear - Cochlea

• Scala tympani
• Scala vestibuli
• Spiral Organ Organ of Corti
• Receptors for hearing are hair cells on the
  basilar membrane in the Spiral Organ

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Hearing

• Sound transmission
• Tympanic Reflex
• High frequency at base of cochlea
• Low frequency at apex of cochlea

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Hearing

• Auditory pathway

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Hearing

• Pitch determination (20-20,000 cps)

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Hearing

• Loudness 1-120 db

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Hearing

• Localization of sound
• Time reaching ear and loudness for both ears

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Equilibrium

• Utricle and Saccule
• Macula receptor
• Otolith
• Linear Acceleration
• Linear Deceleration
• Head Position

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Equilibrium

• Semicircular ducts with ampulla- widened part
• Crista hair cells
• Cupula endolymph
• Rotational acceleration
• Rotational deceleration
• Vestibular nystagmus

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Equilibrium

• Dynamic whole body equilibrium

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