Food and Nutrition Issues March 2006

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Food and Nutrition Issues March 2006

• Food and Nutrition issues for carcinoid patients

Lisa Osowski MS, RD
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Diets for Carcinoid
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Nutrition Guidelines for cancer survivors

• Choose a plant-based diet
• Intake of red meat lt 3 oz. / day
• Limit fatty foods, particularly of animal origin
• Choose modest amounts of appropriate vegetable
  oils
• Limit salt and salted foods
• Limit alcoholic drinks to 1-2 drinks/day
• Consume grilled, cured, smoked foods only
  occasionally
• Avoid being over weight. Walk daily

(AICR) American Institute for Cancer Research
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New American Plate

• 2/3 Vegetables, fruits whole grains or beans
• 1/3 Animal protein
• Gradually transition from the old American
  plate...
• to the New American Plate

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Foods That Fight Cancer

• Foods with anti-cancer properties
• Common elements
• Antioxidants
• Phytochemicals
• Fiber
• More info www.aicr.org

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Add Whole Grains
Unprocessed whole grains contain the germ, bran
and endosperm

• Quinoa
• Whole grain breads
• Whole grain cereals
• whole wheat
• rye
• bran
• Whole grain pasta
• Wild rice

• Amaranth
• Couscous
• Brown rice
• Bulgur
• Kasha
• Millet
• Oats
• Popcorn

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Weight Guidelines

• Body Mass Index (kg/m2 )
• BMI range 20-25
• BMI range if gt age 60 22-27
• Waist measurement
• Female lt 35 in.
• Male lt 40 in.

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Exercise Guidelines

• To maintain weight
• Walk 4 miles /day
• Walk 1 hour /day
• Walk 10,000 steps/ day
• Challenge all your muscles every week
• To loss weight
• Exercise more

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Diets for Carcinoid
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High Protein Foods

• Average needs 60-90 grams 15 calories
• Carcinoid needs 75-120 grams 20 calories
• Know your albumin
• Vegetable sources - nuts, seeds, legumes,
  soybeans, tofu, soy milk (vegetables and grains
  too)
• Animal sources - eggs, fish, chicken, turkey,
  lean beef, low fat milk and cheese

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Appropriate Fats

• Monounsaturated Fats- olives, olive oil,
  avocados, almonds, cashews, pecans, peanuts,
  peanut butter
• Polyunsaturated Fats (O-3s and O-6s)
• O-3s- salmon, walnuts, flaxseeds, canola oil,
  fortified eggs, cereal and margarines.
• O-6s- soybeans, soybean oil, sun flower seeds,
  sunflower oil, corn oil

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Fats to Avoid

• Trans fatty acids partially hydrogenated
  vegetable oils, Crisco, hard margarines, French
  fries, processed baked goods
• Saturated fats red meat, butter, dairy fat,
  sausages, lard, palm oil and coconut oil
• New saturated fat research as bad as we
  thought? Stay tuned

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Carcinoid Supplements

• Standard vitaminmineral 1-2/day
• Low dose niacin (50-200 mg)/day
• Omega 3 fatty acid 1-2 g/day
• Food sources
• Prosure
• Fish oil caplets

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Foods That Can Aggravate the Carcinoid Condition

• High amine containing foods aged cheese,
  pickled meat, broad beans, sauerkraut, soy sauce
• High fat foods
• Alcohol
• Spices
• Large meals
• Caffeine, chocolate, tomato products

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Dealing with Diarrhea

• Type Problem Example
  Solution

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Dealing with Diarrhea

• Add binding foods, soluble fibers
• Applesauce, bananas, crackers, oatmeal, peanut
  butter, pears, potatoes, rice, rice cereal,
  tapioca, tea, toast, yogurt, Benefiber
• Replace lost sodium and potassium, water
• Broth, soup, fruit juice, Gatorade, Pedialyte
• Limit insoluble fiber, gassy, high fat foods
• Bacon, baked beans, beer, broccoli, cabbage,
  cauliflower, chocolate, corn, fresh fruit, gum,
  gravy, milk, onions, prunes, soda, sorbitol

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If You Can Not Eat Enough

• Supplements
• Ensure, Prosure, Carnation Instant Breakfast
• Feeding Tubes
• NGT Nasogastric Tube
• PEG Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy
• IV Feedings
• PPN Partial Parenteral Nutrition
• TPN Total Parenteral Nutrition

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Final Thoughts

• Ask your MD for an RD consultation for an
  individualized eating plan
• RDs look at BMI, intake, labs, food preferences,
  medical condition
• RDs help you meet your health goals