The History of Computing 1960 1969

1
The History of Computing1960 1969

• Michael J. Sepcot
• Jason Resch
• Soosun Park
• Byung Kim

2
The Year 1960

• Major Machines
• IBM 7090 NASA and real-time processing
• IBM 1401 The birth of Big Blue
• 1403 Chain Printer
• MARK I Perception A learning machine
• DEC PDP-1 The first step towards miniaturization

• Programming Languages
• COBOL accepted as US standard
• ALGOL Hardware Independent Language
• JOVIAL I developed by the Defense Department
• APL Expression of Mathematical Algorithms

3
The Year 1961

• SPREAD Task Group
• Established by Vincent J. Learson in October
• Goal Develop an overall plan for IBMs future
  data processing products
• 13 member group banished from IBM in November
• Report completed on the last business day

• General David Sarnoff
• CEO of RCA
• Calls for the development of IBM compatible
  systems
• Fairchild Semiconductor
• First commercial Integrated Circuit (IC) released
• Programming Languages
• COBAL 61
• JOVIAL II

4
The Year 1962

• SPREAD Report
• New Product Line
• Integrated Circuits
• Fairchild and TI begin mass production
• Manchester University
• ATLAS Computer

• Programming Languages
• FORTRAN IV
• COBOL 61 Enhanced
• LISP 1.5
• Snobol
• Sperry Rand
• Louis T. Rander joins to address the UNIVAC

First Year IBM Computer Sales Equal That of
Punch-Card Products
5
The Year 1963

• Sperry Rand
• UNIVAC 1004
• Honeywell
• Honeywell 200
• 4x performance increase over IBM 1401
• Liberator program
• IEEE founded

• Douglas Engelbart
• Invents the Mouse
• ASCII Developed
• IBM develops EBCDIC
• DEC Sells First Mini
• Atomic Energy of Canada

6
The Year 1964

• SABRE
• IBM American Airlines
• Real-Time Reservation System
• SYSTEM/360
• 6 systems/44 peripherals
• Worldwide Launch
• Spectra 70
• RCA uses IBM manuals to create a compatible system

• Programming Languages
• Kemeny Kurtz invent BASIC released May 1st
• PL/1 Super Language
• Snobol 2 released in April
• Gordon Moore
• Moores Law IC complexity doubles every 18
  months
• System Development
• Electronic Encyclopedia

7
The Year 1965

• Computer Dating Services
• IBM Model 67
• Time-Sharing System
• DEC PDP-8
• First True Mini-Computer
• IRS Taxpayer Identification

• Programming Languages
• COBOL
• JOVIAL 3
• Snobol 3
• Control Data Corporation
• Seymour Cray
• CDC 6600
• Donald Davies
• Packet Switching

8
The Year 1966

• Honeywell
• Extends the 200 series
• Burroughs
• Extends the 500 series
• IBM RAMAC 305
• First Disk Storage System (5MB)

• Programming Language
• FORTRAN IV
• Joseph Weizenbaum
• MIT writes ELIZA
• Stephen B. Gray
• Amateur Computer Society

9
The Year 1967

• Blue Cross
• SYSTEM/360s
• Continuously runs to process insurance
  information
• Computer Science
• Carnegie Institute of Technology
• The study of computers

• Programming Language
• Snobol 4
• Consumer Electronics Show
• New York
• IBM Creates the first Floppy Disk
• Commercial GPS

10
The Year 1968

• Intel Founded
• Robert Noyce and Gordon Moore
• Integrated Electronics
• Seiko
• Miniature Printer for Calculators
• NRC
• Century Series

• Programming Languages
• COBOL 68 ANS
• ALGOL 68
• Joint Computer Conference
• Douglas C. Engelbart
• Word Processor
• Hypertext System
• Windows Interface

11
The Year 1969

• CDC 7600
• Considered First Supercomputer
• Advanced Micro Devices
• Jerry Sanders
• Lakeside Programming Group
• Bill Gates and Paul Allen
• Report Bugs in PDP-10s

• Programming Language
• Smalltalk
• ATT Bell Laboratories
• UNIX Operating System
• Gary Starkweather
• Laser Printer Developed at Xerox
• Intel 4004 Processor
• ARPANET

12
References

• Computer A History of the Information Machine
• By Martin Campbell-Kelly and William Aspray
• A History of Modern Computing (2nd Edition)
• By Paul E. Ceruzzi
• Computers History
• http//www.cs.utt.ro/cami/upc/istoric-pc-e.html