FIRST PHASE BEAMLINES FOR SESAME

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FIRST PHASE BEAMLINES FOR SESAME BY SAMAR
HASNAIN
3rd SESAME USERS meeting 11 October 2004
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COMPARISON OF POPULATION OF SESAME MEMBER
COUNTRIES WITH SOME INDUSTRIALISED
COUNTRIES SESAME COUNTRY POPULATION INDUSTRIAL
POPULATION SR COUNTRY
CENTRES Pakistan 150,694,740 USA 290,342,554 8
Iran 68,278,826 UK 60,094,648 2 Turkey
68,109,469 France 60,180,529 2 Israel
6,116,533 Germany 82,398,326 3 Jordan
5,460,265 Japan 127,214,499 3(6) Palestinian
Authority 3,512,062 UAE
2,484,818 Bahrain 667,238 TOTAL
305,323,395 In industrialised countries,
where economies are knowledge based, there is a
synchrotron radiation facility per 40M
population.
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EU(15) versus USA
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Scope of My Talk Science Case - Its evolution in
2002-04 Identification of Users community
Development of Science Case through Users
meetings etc. Selection of Phase One beamlines
and Identification of further beamlines Identifica
tion of Beamline Champions Further Users
involvement in building up the science programme
including beamlines Feedback from second Users
meeting
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SESAME JSPS Workshop - First USERS meeting 27
October 2002
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• JSPS meeting was an excellent platform to refine
  the science case and define the phase one
  beamlines.
• This was the first meeting of the committee
  members (Science Beamlines), even though
  incomplete (7 out of 12). This brought together
  the USERS communities and members of the Beamline
  and Science Committees since the establishment of
  SESAME as a UNESCO project.
• 1. We need to establish
• USERS requirements for Source
• Types of Experiments you envisage
• Types of Samples you are interested in
• Environmental Chambers
• Draw up Phase one and two beamlines up to ten
• 2. We need to identify
• Champions for each beamline ideally two to
  three people
• Sources of funding
• 3. We need to start a training programme for
  item 2 as soon as possible.

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• Potential First Phase Beamlines
• (Potential Champions identified)
• MAD Protein Crystallography beamline for modest
  size unit cell (6-14keV)
• High Resolution, large unit cell Protein
  Crystallography beamline (10-12keV)
• SAXS and WAXS for polymers and proteins (10keV)
• Powder Diffraction with extreme environment
  (20keV)
• Chemical (small molecule) Crystallography (14keV)
• Photoelectron Spectroscopy of gases and solids
  (100-1000eV?)
• Spectromicroscopy (300eV-3keV?)
• Magnetic X-ray CD (300eV-12keV?)
• IR Spectromicroscopy (Sub-Micron to Micron?)
• UV CD for Biology
• XAFS (3-20keV)
• Micro-Diffraction

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Comparison of SR from Wigglers of SESAME, ALS
(Berkeley) and SLS (Zurich)
Thus at 10keV there is little difference between
ALS and White Book SESAME
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• Joint Committees Key Recommendations
• Accepted by the Council
• (a). Machine Energy
• Exploring the option of a 2.5 GeV machine, with
  2 in-vacuum undulators, and seek assistance in
  the implementation from Japan where In-vacuum
  Undulator technology has been pioneered.
• Exploring the option of running a 2.5 GeV
  machine at 2 GeV, if that is needed for
  Ultra-high resolution VUV and SXR experiments.
• (b). Full Energy ( Top-up) Injection
• Building the inner shield wall with enough space
  so that a full energy injector system can be
  incorporated as and when funds become available
  in due course. This is seen as an URPGRADE
  perhaps after 3 to 4 years of operation.

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• Joint Committees Key Recommendations
• Accepted by the Council (contd.)
• c). BEAMLINES
• From a total of 12 beamlines discussed at the
  SESAME USERS meeting, 6 beamlines were
  recommended for Phase one with the next tranche
  of beamlines following very closely.
• d). Training REQUIREMENTS
• There are two types of requirements
• one where station and beamline scientists and
  engineers are trained so that beamlines can be
  built and commissioned.
• The other is where inexperienced users work with
  the experienced users so that SESAME users
  community grows in experience, and as such would
  be ready for utilizing the source when it is
  built.

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SCIENCE CASE REFINED AND UPDATED Science Areas
for SESAME
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Main Techniques Used by these Science Areas
Some of the techniques are common to several
scientific discipline - provision of these would
attract a very wide users base. In contrast some
techniques, even though used by one discipline,
e.g. Protein Crystallography, has a large users
base both internationally and in SESAME
countries.
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Phase One Beamlines
This could be a split beamline and in phase 2
could be developed on separate Ids depending on
the growth of community.
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Candidates for Phase II Beamlines

• Potential users are encouraged to come together
  and form critical mass. Science Case would need
  further development.
• Champions need to come forward and sources of
  funding need to be identified.

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SESAME Lattice - Relatively small circumference
but high used by IDs.
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2nd SESAME USERS MEETING IRAN (30 Nov -1 Dec
2003)
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Feedback from SESAME 2nd USERS Meeting (30 Nov-1
Dec 2003) Iran
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MAD PX / SAXS-WAXS Discussion Session, 1 Dec 2003
Hard X-rays 5-15 KeV or 2.3 to 0.7 A 10 KeV or
1.3 A
Working Group Following volunteers willing to
contribute - This could become the basis of a
Specialist woking group. Palestine Nail
Hassan Turkey Kivanc Bilecen Iran Mehdi
Safa Jordan Fawzi Sheyyab Pakistan Javed
Akhtar Other Countries reps to be
identified None permanent!
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User Specifications MAD PX Protein
Xtals Energy Range 5 - 15 KeV Wavelength 2.3 -
0.7 A Rapid Tunability SAXSWAXS Fibres,
Powders, Solutions 9-11 KeV (Originally
anticipated to be fixed) Slow Tunable A short
discussion on Materials Science and very hard
X-rays. Should communicate with the powder
diffraction group.
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INFRARED WORKING GROUP Summary of meeting
discussions held at 12 P.M. on December 1st,
2003 By Prof. Sami Mahmood, Yarmouk University,
Jordan Group Members Nael Hassan, Beir Zeit
University, Palestine Nasser Hadipour,
Iran Ghafourian, Nuclear Center, Tehran Atomic
Agency, Iran Borhan Al-Biss, Jordan University of
Science and Technology, Jordan Hussein Ebadi,
Iran Fawzi Shiab, Jordan University of Science
and Technology, Jordan Herman Winick, Stanford
University, USA Amirachia Mahmoudy, Iran Hassan
Sabzyan, Iran
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Working Group on XPS, XAS in The Soft x-ray Region

• A Multipurpose Phase I Beamline
• At SESEAME

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Minutes of the discussion session

• After a short introduction about the format of
  the discussion and a description of the
  specification of the proposed multipurpose
  beamline, the participants were invited to
• present their interests and identify a group of
  other researchers working in a closed field.
• Identify, if possible their expectations and
  needs as far as the beam properties are
  concerned.

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Atomic and Molecular Physics group

• 100 900 eV
• R 10000
• An atomic and molecular spectroscopy group was
  identified and was asked to start discussions
  about possible collaboration among each others
  AND about ways to build a gas phase experimental
  chamber.

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High Temperature Superconductors

• Several groups in the region are active in this
  field Iran, Jordan, Pakistan, UAE.
• XPS and XANES techniques will be used in the soft
  x-ray region (O k-edge, Cu L-edge, .)
• Magnetic materials (MCD), UAE, Oman, Jordan,..

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Multipurpose

• The beamline would be very useful for
  multipurpose investigation in environmental
  sciences, nano-particles, archeological studies,
  as it provide information about important
  elements such as O, C, Fe, Cu, Mn, S, Si,
  (L-edges), Ru,..
• Luminescence station would be useful

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Notes from discussion on Diffraction and EXAFS
SESAME beamlines The sciences affected by the
operation of these two Phase I beamlines
are Environmental Science, Materials Science,
Archaeology and Structural Biology. The 3-30keV
energy range envisaged for the two Wiggler
beamlines covers the interests of the
corresponding communities with flux density and
energy tunability being the primary
concerns. EXAFS capability is required by all
four science areas represented in this meeting.
The energy range afforded on this beamline is
optimal and covers most of the key element
edges. The powder diffraction beamline is
required to have the capability for small
footprint (100-50microns) and fast area detection
(image detector) in addition to SSD 2theta-scan
detection for high angular resolution. Ancillary
equipment for mounting samples in flat-plate
geometry or for spatial resolution using x-y
stages is required as well as provision for
environmental chambers and equipment for
time-resolved experiments, e.g. low/high
temperature furnaces (10-1000C).
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The long straight section

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The short straight section

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Second Joint Beamline and Science Committees
meeting, UNESCO, Paris - 15-16 April 2004
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• Key Recommendations from the 2nd Joint committees
  meeting
• Two 5-6m long straight sections,
• Two In-vacuum undulators (3m ID) for 8-12 KeV
  X-rays,
• Two large opening (40-45 mrad) bending magnets,
• Longer beamlines to be reserved where the extra
  length is intrinsically required by the
  experiments,
• Beamlines should be grouped physically
  according to their primary scientific community
  to provide optimum users support and access to
  local off-line laboratory facilities,
• Space in the building is at a premium and should
  be reserved for scientific and technical
  functions for the facility, administrative
  facilities (including directorate) should be
  located in the neighboring building,
• Third SESAME Users meeting to be held in Turkey,
  October 2004,
• Training of Beamline Scientists for Phase one
  beamlines to start immediately, increased
  coordination with training committee.

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• Scientific and Technical Expertise Are Required
  in the following areas
• Mechanical and Electrical Engineers (Design and
  Assembly of Beamlines),
• Computer Scientists (Data Acquistion, Data
  Analysis Automation),
• Core Science Expertise for Phase One Beamlines
  (Physicist, Chemists, Biologists, Material
  Scientists etc.)
• QUALITIES
• Ability to work in a team and in particular
  international teams. High level of Motivation
  Dedication to achieving excellence as only this
  would help achieve excellence and international
  standing of SESAME as Science, research,
  Innovation and Discovery of centre.

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• Science and technology are cyclical. They are a
  shared heritage of all mankind. East and West,
  North and South have all equally participated in
  their creation in the past, as we hope that they
  will in the future the joint endeavor in
  sciences becoming one of the unifying forces
  among diverse peoples of this globe
• Muhammad Abdus Salam
• Science and Technology Education in the
  Development of the South
• Prepared for the South Commission September 1990
• Third World Academy of Sciences