Unit 5 Notes

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Unit 5 Notes

• Protista

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Protista Characteristics

• All Protista lack tissue and they do not fit into
  any other kingdom
• They all live in wet (moist) environments
• Most are unicellular or colonial

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Protista Characteristics

• They are all eukaryotic cells
• Have a nucleus and membrane bound organelles
• They are divided into 3 groups based on the way
  they get their food
• Animal-like, Plant-like, Fungus-like

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Protista
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Protozoans

• Animal-like protists are called protozoans
• They are all heterotrophic organisms
• Divided into groups based on how they move
• Sarcodina, Ciliphiora, Zooflagellates, and
  Sporozoans

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Protozoans

• Sarcodina move using pseudopods
• Pseudopods are extensions of cytoplasm and cell
  membrane
• Ex. - Amoeba

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Ameoba
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Protozoans

• Ciliaphiora move using cilia
• Cilia are shot hair-like extensions
• Ex. - Paramecium

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Paramecium
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Protozoans

• Zooflagellates move using flagella
• Flagella long whip-like tail. Can be present
  singly, in pairs, or triplets
• Ex. Traypanosomes which cause African sleeping
  sickness

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Protozoans

• Sporozoans non-motile and parasitic
• Many cause disease
• Ex. Plasmodium - causes malaria

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Importance of Protozoans

• Free-floating protozoans are found at the base of
  the aquatic food pyramid
• They are found at the base of the food pyramid
• Some cause disease in animals like malaria and
  dysentery (amoeba)

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Algae

• The plant-like protists are autotrophs because
  they perform photosynthesis to produce their food
• They can be unicellular, multicellular, or
  colonial
• They lack cell wall like plants
• They need water for support

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Algae

• Dinoflagellates unicellular and 2 flagella
• Diatoms unicellular, have a glass-like cell
  wall, and do not move
• Euglena has a flagella, described as a planimal
  (plant and animal). They can make their own food
  or eat other organims.

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Algae

• Multicellular algae leaf-like organism, can be
  seen with the naked eye, internal structures are
  greatly different than plants
• Ex. seaweed, green algae, red algae, and brown
  algae

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Algae
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Algae
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Algae
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Importance of Algae

• Found in aquatic ecosystems where they are the
  primary producers at the base of the food
  pyramid.
• They produce 80 of all the oxygen we breath.

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Fungus-like Protists

• Fungus-like protist are decomposers.
• Their cell walls contain chitin.
• Two Types
• 1. Slime Molds
• 2. Water Molds

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Fungus-like Protists

• Slime Molds - a mass of eukaryotic cells that
  have the ability to creep from one area to
  another - has amoeboid and fruiting body stages -
  act as decomposers
• Water Molds - found in areas where there is or
  was water - decomposers and usually parasites of
  plants

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Summary of Protists
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Classification of Protists
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Unit 5 Notes

• Protista