Power Line Communication

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Power Line Communication
United Arab Emirates University College Of
Engineering Electrical Engineering Department

• Student Name ID
• Ahmad Rashed Al-Dhaheri 199900119
• Mater Naye Al-Nayadee 199900100
• Omar Rashed AL-Kaabi 199905054
• Ahmad Salem Al-Falasi 200005021

Advisor Coordinator Dr. Mousa Hussein
Dr. Ahmed Alawar
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Outline

• Executive Summary
• Background theory
• PLM Circuit
• Power Supply
• Max Circuit
• Results and analysis
• Conclusion

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Executive Summary

• The objective of this project is to develop and
  design a system which transmits data by
  superimposing an analog signal over the standard
  50 Hz alternating current (AC)

System Block Diagram
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Background theory

• PLC has been around since the 1950
• But it was never thought of as a communication
  medium
• The first technique to make use of the power line
  for control messages was the method of Ripple
  Control
• Two directional communication was developed in
  the late 80's and early 90's

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Types of PLC

• Indoors/Short Range PLC equipment uses the
  household electrical power wiring as a
  transmission medium
• Example
• X10 Home Automation System which was first
  patented in 1980 utilizes standard household
  power outlets to transmit control commands from a
  central location to appliance units which are
  located throughout a home

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2. Automotive
Types of PLC

• Power line technology is used to transfer Data,
  Voice, Music and Video signals by
  digital means over Direct Current (DC) battery
  power-line
• Applications
• Macaronis (Climate control, Door module,
  Immobilizer, Obstacle detector).

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Advantages of PLC

• Saving the cost and weight of ordinary wiring
• flexible modification
• simplicity of installation
• operation over 12 V up to 220 V power networks

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Limitations of PLC

• Sharing
• Distances
• Equipment
• Cost
• Competition

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New approach using PLM

• The transmitter and receiver circuits which were
  built in GP1 had some problems
• For example, the mismatch between the
  amplification circuit and modulation circuit
• So new approach was used which is PLM

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PLM

• The PLM is low cost and easy to build which can
  send and receive data over the power line
• It sends the data at speed up to 2400 bps.
• PLM can be easily be interfaces with any PC or
  Microcontroller that are able to send and receive
  data at 2400 bps or less

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PLM
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Why st7537 ?

• Searching for good VCO chip
• New Specification ?

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Searching for VCO

• The searching for a VCO comes after the fail of
  the first system
• We wanted to overcome the old design and to study
  from our mistakes

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Specification

• We put some specifications for our new VCO chip
  to create a system that can work better than the
  old system.
• Availability
• Implementation

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St7537 technical specifications

• HALF DUPLEX
• 2400bps
• FSK
• LOW DISTORTION Tx SIGNAL .
• Rx SENSITIVITY BETTER THAN 1mVRMS .
• Can connect easily with a PC using
  micro-controller or Max232 chip

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St7537 description

• The chip have 28 pins
• The chip works on both 10V and 5V
• basic transmit frequencies are
• (TxD0) 133.05kHz
• (TxD1) 131.85kHz

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Transmission and receiving

• The pins that are responsible for communication
  are
• TxD
• RxD
• Rx/Tx

Other pins that can be used either to set an
external clock or to watch the performance to the
system
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Transmission

• The transmission mode selected when a logic 0
  added to the Rx/Tx pin
• if Rx/Tx is held at 0 longer than 1 second, then
  the device switches automatically in the Rx mode.
  A new
• activation of the Tx mode requires Rx/Tx to be
• returned to 1 for a minimum 2 microsecond period
• before being set to 0.
• The frequencies are synthesized from a
• 11.0592MHzcrystal oscillator their precision is
  the
• same as the crystal ones (100ppm).

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Receiving

• The receiving mode is selected when a logic 1 is
  added to Rx/Tx pin.
• The transmitted signal is to be filtered with
  band-pass filter
• The transmitted signal amplified with 20dB factor
• The transmitted signal re-filtered to improve the
  SNR
• The transmitted signal demodulated

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Power Supply MAX232
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Power Supply design

• The power supply features
• Two voltage levels ( 5 10 DCV)
• Output current of 400 mA

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Power Supply design

• Power supply Schematic

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Power supply main parts
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Communication with Max 232

• Why?

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Communication with Max 232

• The electrical levels of the RS232 port (12V) do
  not match the electrical level of the ST7537.

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Creating Max 232 circuit

• Max232 used to connect the PC serial port (which
  use 12V) to the PLM (which use 5V)

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Max232 circuit
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Eagle Program
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Printed board circuit
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Printed board circuit
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Communication Program

• A communication program is needed to send and
  receive data using the PC.
• The program will communicate through the serial
  port of the PC (RS232)

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Communication Program

• Testing the System

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Communication RS232C

• The RxD , TxD and Tx/Rx

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Results Analysis
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Results Analysis
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Results Analysis

• Transmit Mode

Very Important Requirements
Verification
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Results Analysis

• Receive Mode

Very Important Requirements
Verification
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Results Analysis
ATO
MAX 232
RS232C
RAI
MAX 232
RS232C
To Last Slide
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Results Analysis

• Program based in C.

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Results Analysis

• Send Data as Zeros and Ones.

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Results Analysis

• Max 232 Circuit.

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Results Analysis

• Transmitter Circuit.

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Results Analysis

• Output Form ATO pin 7.

TxD 1
TxD 0
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Results Analysis

• Isolation Circuit function.

HV Side
LV Side
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Results Analysis

• Modulate Signal in Power Line.

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Results Analysis

• Isolation Circuit function.

LV Side
HV Side
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Results Analysis

• Received Signal.

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Results Analysis

• Receiver Circuit.

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Results Analysis

• Received Data.

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Results Analysis

• Receive data appear in Program.

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Conclusions

• PLM has many advantages.
• PLM has many application.
• PLC very important.
• Problems.

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Thanks for Listening, If You have any Questions
please Ask.