The Organization of Government

1
The Organization of Government
2
Things we will look at

• Military aspect of population
• 1995 2005 Census
• Government funding
• US 1995 Fiscal Year Budget
• Government structure
• US 1995 Executive Branch
• Questions for your government

3
Military Aspect of Population

• Total Population
• Civilian
• Military (home and abroad)

4
1995 Census

• 1995
• Total 266,278,000
• Civilian 264,927,000
• Military 1,351,000

5
2005 (10 years later)

• 2005
• Total 296,639,000
• Civilian 295,194,000
• Military 1,445,000
• 1300 ratio
• 12 VHS pops.

6
Compare to Israel

• 2005-2006
• Total 6,352,117
• Civilian 3,416,076
• Military 2,936,041
• 23 ratio

7
Check it out

• www.census.gov
• www.cia.gov/cia/publications/ factbook

8
Government Funding

• 1995 Fiscal Year Budget
• Total cost of Federal Spending
• 1,514. BILLION dollars
• Social Security had the most (362.2)
• Military 259.6
• Health Human Services 303.1
• Education 31.3
• Total income of Federal Government (not states)
• 1, 350.6 Billion dollars
• Deficit -163.8 Billion dollars

9
Where does our government get funding?

• Individual Income Tax 590.2 Billion
• Social Insurance Taxes 484.5
• Corporate Taxes 157.1
• Excise Taxes 57.5
• Custom Duties 19.3
• Miscellaneous 42.1

10
What is a Social Insurance Tax?

• Social Insurance Social Security, etc.
• Social Security is the foundation of economic
  security for millions of Americansretirees,
  disabled persons, and families of retired,
  disabled or deceased workers. About 159 million
  Americans pay Social Security taxes and 48
  million collect monthly benefits in 2005. About
  one household in four receives income from Social
  Security.
• - www.nasi.org

11
Whats an Excise Tax?

• Excise taxes are taxes paid when purchases are
  made on a specific good, such as gasoline. Excise
  taxes are often included in the price of the
  product. There are also excise taxes on
  activities, such as on wagering or on highway
  usage by trucksOne of the major components of the
  excise program is motor fuel.
• - www.irs.gov

12
What are Custom Duties?

• A customs duty is a tariff or tax on the import
  of or export of goods.
• Can entail all sorts of additional costs to
  people who wish to import
• Alcohol and tobacco extra taxes
• Importing by ship Harbor Maintenance Fees
• Use a port user fees
• Even states can charge fees!

13
Government structure

• Quick Review
• The US Federal Government system is based on
  three basic functions
• Making of Laws
• Execution of Laws Government Policy
• Decisions relating to Justice
• Right now, not many of you are worrying about the
  Making of Laws or Decisions about Justice (that
  will all come later ? )

14
Government structure

• However, all of you are focusing on the Execution
  of Government Policy
• Therefore we will look specifically at the
  breakdown of the Executive Branch

15
Executive Branch

• Many, many people
• Bureaucracy!
• Departments
• Bureaus
• Offices
• Divisions
• Services
• Administrations
• Blah, blah, blah!

16
Executive Branch

• We will look at the top 15 departments BRIEFLY!
• Understand that there are numerous divisions
  underneath each of these broad Departments

17
Departments of Exec Branch

• Dept. of State
• Dept. of Treasury
• Dept. of Justice
• Dept. of Interior
• Dept. of Agriculture
• Dept. of Commerce
• Dept. of Labor
• Dept. of Defense

• Dept. of Health Human Services
• Dept. of Housing Urban Development
• Dept. of Transportation
• Dept. of Energy
• Dept. of Education
• Dept. of Veteran Affairs

18
Department of State

• Promote the long-range security well-being of
  the United States
• Advise the President
• Foreign policy, treaties, agreements
• Represents the US at the United Nations, etc.

19
Department of State

• Sample of various offices
• Bureau of Economic Business Affairs
• Bureau of Public Affairs
• Bureau of Intelligence and Research
• Bureau of Consular Affairs
• Bureau of Politico-Military Affair
• Office of Chief of Protocol
• United States Foreign Service
• Bureau of Refugee Programs
• Bureau of Human Rights Humanitarian Affairs

20
Department of the Treasury

• Leading financial agency
• Collection of taxes and duties
• Borrowing and managing public debt
• Criminal law regarding money (counterfeiting)
• Coin money and print currency
• Supervise banks

21
Department of the Treasury

• Sample of various offices
• Internal Revenue Services
• United States Customs Services
• Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms
• Bureau of Engraving and Printing
• United States Mint
• United States Secret Service

22
Department of Justice

• Nations largest law firm
• Legal advice to President others in Executive
  branch
• Represents the US in court
• Enforces federal criminal law
• Enforces federal civil rights
• Enforces immigration and naturalization law
• Supervises federal prisons

23
Department of Justice

• Sample of various offices
• Solicitor General
• Tax Division
• Civil Rights Division
• Civil Division
• Criminal Division
• Immigration Naturalization Service
• US Marshals
• Federal Bureau of Investigation
• Drug Enforcement Administration
• Bureau of Prisons

24
Department of Interior

• Federal governments conservation agency
• Manages more than 500 million acres of public
  lands
• Conserves the use of water, fish, minerals
• Operates hydroelectric power facilities
• National parks
• Native American reservations

25
Department of Interior

• Sample of various offices
• Bureau of Land Management
• Minerals Management Service
• National Park Services
• Geological Survey
• Bureau of Mines
• Bureau of Indian Affairs

26
Department of Agriculture

• Production of food and other raw materials we
  depend on
• USDA
• Agriculture
• Conservatism
• Rural development
• Crop stabilization
• Research and education

27
Department of Agriculture

• Sample of various offices
• Farmers Home Administration
• Animal and Plant Health Inspection Services
• Food Nutrition Services
• Food Safety Inspection Services
• Agricultural Stabilization Conservation Svc.
• Federal Crop Insurance Corporation
• Forest Service
• Agricultural Research Service

28
Department of Commerce

• Promote business and overall well-being of the
  nations economy
• Promote international trade
• Spur economic growth
• Encourage technological advacements

29
Department of Commerce

• Sample of various offices
• Bureau of Census
• Patent and Trademark Office
• National Oceanic Atmospheric Admin.
• US Travel Tourism Administration
• International Trade Administration
• Bureau of Export Administration
• National Telecommunication and Information
  Services

30
Department of Labor

• Foster and develop the welfare of wage earners
• Improve working conditions
• Advance employment opportunities

31
Department of Labor

• Sample of various offices
• Employment Standards Administration
• Pension and Welfare Benefits Administration
• Occupational Safety and Health Administration
• Mine Safety and Health Administration
• Bureau of Labor Statistics

32
Department of Defense

• Providing military forces needed to prevent war
  and protect our national security
• Support services to armed forces
• Army, Navy, Marines, Air Force

33
Department of Defense

• Sample of various offices
• Joint Chiefs of Staff
• Department of Army
• Department of Navy
• Department of the Air Force
• National Security Agency
• Defense Mapping Agency

34
Department of Health Human Services

• Administers welfare, public assistance, and
  public health programs
• Serving people from newborn infants to our most
  elderly citizens

35
Department of Health Human Services

• Sample of various offices
• Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services
• Public Health Service
• Social Security Administration
• Health care Financing Administration
• Administration for Children and Families

36
Department of Housing Urban Development

• Concerned with the nations housing needs
• Develop urban communities

37
Department of Housing Urban Development

• Sample of various offices
• Federal Housing Commissioner
• Assistant Secretary for Community Planning and
  Development
• Assistant Secretary for Public and Indian Housing

38
Department of Transportation

• Movement of persons and goods by ground, water,
  or air
• Promotional regulatory
• Highway construction
• Safe air travel
• Maritime safety

39
Department of Transportation

• Sample of various offices
• United States Coast Guard
• Federal Aviation Administration
• Federal Highway Administration
• Federal Railroad Administration
• Federal Transit Administration
• Maritime Administration

40
Department of Energy

• Development, use, and conservation of our
  nations energy resources
• High technology research
• Nuclear weapons programs
• Energy conservation

41
Department of Energy

• Sample of various offices
• Assistant Secretary, Fossil Energy
• Office of Nuclear Energy
• Assistant Secretary, Defense Program
• Assistant Secretary, Energy Efficiency and
  Renewable Energy
• Economic Regulatory Administration

42
Department of Education

• Aids the states in serving the 60 million
  Americans who attend public schools

43
Department of Education

• Sample of various offices
• Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative
  Services
• Office of Postsecondary Education
• Office of Vocational and Adult Education
• Office of Elementary Secondary Education
• Office of Educational Research and Improvement

44
Department of Veterans Affairs

• Attends to the welfare of those men and women who
  have served in the armed forces
• Benefits for more than 27 million veterans and
  their dependents

45
Department of Veterans Affairs

• Sample of various offices
• Veterans Health Administration
• Veteran Benefits Administration
• National Cemetery System

46
Questions to your governments

• When you consider how your governments will work,
  ask yourself these questions

47
Who will

• Promote the long-range security well-being of
  your country?
• Be your leading financial agency?
• Be your legal guide?
• Conserve protect your natural resources?
• Grow, protect, and research better ways to
  produce food?

48
Who will

• Protect and promote your economy?

49
Who will

• Develop, use, and conserve your countrys energy
  supplies?
• Assure the education of your people?
• Take care of your veterans and civil servants
  after theyve served your people?

50
These should be questions that you can answer by
the end of this unit.

• Good Luck!!