CIS 122 Chapter 3

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CIS 122 Chapter 3

• Linux Installation and Usage

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Objectives

• Install Linux Red Hat 7.2 using good practices
• Outline the structure of the Linux interface
• Enter basic shell commands and find command
  documentation
• Properly shut down the Linux operating system

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Installing Linux

• Installation methods
• Installation from an FTP server across the
  network
• Installation from an HTTP Web server across the
  network
• Installation from an NFS server across the
  network
• Installation from packages located on the hard
  disk

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Creating Boot Disks

• Boot disk
• Bootable floppy disk that can be used to start a
  Linux system or initiate a Linux installation.

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Starting the Installation
Figure 3-1 Beginning a Red Hat installation
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Starting the Installation

• By far, the largest problem during installation
  is initiating a graphical installation
• Framebuffers
• Abstract representations of video adapter card
  hardware that programs may use instead of
  directly communicating with the video adapter
  card hardware

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Choosing the Language, Keyboard, and Mouse
Figure 3-2 Selecting an installation language
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Choosing the Language, Keyboard, and Mouse
Figure 3-3 Verifying keyboard configuration
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Choosing the Language, Keyboard, and Mouse
Figure 3-4 Verifying mouse configuration
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Choosing the Language, Keyboard, and Mouse
Figure 3-5 Welcome screen
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Providing Installation Options
Figure 3-6 Choosing installation options
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Partitioning the Hard Disk
Figure 3-7 Choosing a partitioning method
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Partitioning the Hard Disk

• The swap area is used for virtual memory
• it is an area on the hard disk that can be used
  to store information that would normally reside
  in physical memory, but is temporarily stored on
  the hard disk to make the memory appear larger
  than it really is.

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Partitioning the Hard Disk

• In addition to the swap partition, atleast one
  other partition must be formatted to hold a
  filesystem that is used to store system and
  program files, and also user data files.
• The most common types used today are
• Ext2
• Ext3
• Vfat
• REISER

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Partitioning the Hard Disk

• Journaling filesystem
• Keeps track of the information written to the
  hard drive in a journal
• Disk Druid
• Easy-to-use graphical partitioning program
• In our first install will use the Disk Druid to
  automatically partition the hard drive for us.

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Partitioning the Hard Disk
Figure 3-8 Disk Druid
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Partitioning the Hard Disk
Figure 3-9 Adding a partition
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Partitioning the Hard Disk
Figure 3-10 Formatting partitions
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Configuring the Boot Loader

• Boot loader
• Is started by the BIOS ROM after POST, it loads
  the Linux kernel into memory from a hard disk
  partition inside the computer or can be used to
  dual-boot some other OS you may have on the
  hard drive.
• There are two available boot loaders
• LInux LOader (LILO)
• GRand Unified Bootloader (GRUB) lt-Most Popular

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Configuring the Boot Loader
Figure 3-12 Configuring the boot loader
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Configuring the Network and Firewall
Figure 3-13 Configuring the network
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Configuring the Network and Firewall
Figure 3-14 Configuring a firewall
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Choosing a System Language and Time Zone
Figure 3-15 Configuring a language support
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Choosing a System Language and Time Zone
Figure 3-16 Selecting a time zone
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Creating User Accounts and Configuring
Authentication
Figure 3-17 Configuring the root password
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Creating User Accounts and Configuring
Authentication
Figure 3-18 Configuring a regular user account
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Creating User Accounts and Configuring
Authentication
Figure 3-19 Configuring the type of
authentication
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Selecting Packages
Figure 3-20 Selecting packages to install
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Selecting Packages
Figure 3-21 Refining individual package selection
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Configuring the Video Hardware
Figure 3-22 Verifying video hardware
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Installing Packages and Creating Boot Disks
Figure 3-23 Copying packages to the hard disk
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Installing Packages and Creating Boot Disks
Figure 3-24 Creating a boot disk
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Selecting Monitor and X Windows Settings
Figure 3-25 Choosing a monitor
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Selecting Monitor and X Windows Settings
Figure 3-26 Configuring X Windows
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Selecting Monitor and X Windows Settings
Figure 3-27 Completing the installation
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Shells, Terminals, and the Kernel
Figure 3-29 The gdm (GNOME Display Manager)
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Chapter Summary

• Most software information can be specified at the
  time of installation
• However, the network configuration and package
  selection should be carefully planned before
  installation
• CD-ROM-based installation is the easiest, most
  common method for installing Linux and seldom
  requires the creation of an installation boot disk

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Chapter Summary

• Installing Linux has become simplified in recent
  years.
• Today, a typical Linux installation handles most
  of the configuration details behind the scenes
  and only prompts the user for a small amount of
  information such as language, boot loader, hard
  disk partitions, network configuration, firewall
  configuration, time zone, user accounts,
  authentication, and package selection.