Vocabulary, Leu and Kinzer Chapter 8

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Vocabulary, Leu and Kinzer Chapter 8
Antidisestab . . . ?
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A1. Experiences, Concepts, and Words

• Vocabulary Word Concept Schema
• Vocabulary is in a state of constant change.
• The process of learning vocabulary is twofold
• 1. New information is fitted into existing
  schemata, or
• 2. Radically new or discordant information is
  accomodated through the modification of existing
  schemata.

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A2. Types of Vocabulary

• Type I (general or sight words) look, car,
  computer, house, mother, basketball, etc.
• Type II (specialized words requiring context i.
  e., homophones, homonyms, etc.) draft, bow,
  minute, to, too, two, etc.
• Type III (technical words) judicatory,
  Cyrillic, juxtaposition, parse, parsimonious,
  etc.

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A3. Basic principles of vocabulary instruction

• 1. Give both the context and the definition.
• a. Definition - logical relation to other known
  words.
• b. Context - knowledge of the core concept the
  word represents and how it may change in
  different contexts.
• 2. Encourage deep processing.
• a. Association - relate to another word.
• b. Comprehension - applying a learned
  association.
• c. Generation - creating a novel product.
• 3. Give multiple exposures.

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B1. Activating What Students Know about Words

• 1. Depicting Spatial Relationships with Graphic
  Organizers (Feature Analysis, List Group Label,
  etc.)

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B1a. Vocabulary Strategy - Feature Analysis
Category Planets
Hot Cold Big Small Rings Life Moons Mercury
- - - - - Venus - - - - - - Earth
0 0 0 0 - Mars - - - - - Jupiter
- - - Saturn - - - Uranus
- - - Neptune - - - Pluto
- - - -
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B2. Vocabulary Strategy - Phonics

• Most students already have a very large
  vocabulary.
• Being able to understand the meaning of a word is
  often as simple as recognizing something that we
  have heard when we see it in print.

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B3. Exploring Word Meanings and Making
Connections

• Morphemic analysis
• Word origins

Sarcophagus?
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B4. Vocabulary Strategy - Morphemic analysis

• Definition Defining a word by breaking it into
  its smallest parts of meaning.
• Example PNEUMONOULTRAMICRO-SCOPICSILICOVOLCANO-C
  ONIOSIS

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• Pneumono - related to the lungs
• Ultra - transcending super
• Micro - small
• Scopic - related to a viewing instrument
• Silico - the mineral, silicon (sand)
• Volcano - This is easy (lava, steam, dust)
• Coni (konis) - dust
• Osis - referring to a diseased condition
• A disease of the lungs caused by inhalation of
  very fine dust particles released by a volcanic
  eruption.

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C1. Defining, Clarifying, and Extending Concepts

• 1. Defining Concepts in the Context of Their Use
• Contextual Analysis
• Contextual Redefinition
• 2. Using outside sources
• Dictionaries
• Glossaries
• Thesauruses

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C2. Vocabulary Strategy - Contextual analysis

• Definition Defining the word based on clues
  from the context in which it is used.
• 1. Define uxoricide
• Uxoricide, which means to murder ones wife, is
  the ultimate form of marital abuse.
• 2. Describe vociferous
• Their vociferous chatter made me wish I had
  earplugs.
• 3. Contrast loquacious
• Mike was loquacious while Susan said very little.

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C3. Vocabulary Strategy - Contextual Redefinition

• 1. Have students define word without any prior
  help (carapace, nonsectarian, insipid)
• 2. Ask if it could be done without a dictionary.
• 3. If not, give the following sentences
• Without its carapace. the turtle would be subject
  to certain death from its enemies.
• Although he was a believer in God, he had a
  nonsectarian attitude toward religion.
• His teaching lacked spirit. He had presented his
  lesson in a dull manner, failing to challenge or
  stimulate the students. The teacher knew he had
  made an insipid presentation.

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D1. Extending Vocabulary Knowledge and Concepts

• Games and puzzles
• Meaningful writing assignments
• Word analogies (black is to white, as night is to
  ____)

3 across, hmmm, a 6 letter word for cattle dung
that starts with a c?